Abstract: The method for screen printing improves accuracy during a plurality of screen printing steps. After a first layer and an alignment mark are printed on a workpiece, the alignment mark is imaged by a camera so that the alignment mark is stored as image data in an image processing device adapted to deliver reference data for subsequent printing, and the image data is used to renew the reference data in the image processing device.

Abstract: An engine exhaust emission purification apparatus for reducing and purifying NOx in the exhaust emission by using a liquid reducing agent having a temperature maintenance device for maintaining a temperature of at least a part of a liquid reducing agent supply system configured by an injection nozzle and piping of the injection nozzle at a temperature lower than a boiling point of a solvent of the liquid reducing agent or equal to or higher than a melting point of dissolved matter in which the liquid reducing agent existing in the liquid reducing agent supply system conducts heat exchange with the liquid reducing agent supply system thereby being maintained at a temperature lower than the boiling point of the solvent or equal to or higher than the melting point of the dissolved matter and resultantly, occurrence of precipitation of the dissolved matter due to evaporation of only the solvent in the liquid reducing agent supply system does not occur, and even if precipitation of the dissolved matter occurs, the

Abstract: A NOx reduction catalyst and an ammonia slip oxidation catalyst are disposed in an exhaust system in this order, and also, an electric fan is disposed on piping which communicates an upper space of a storage tank storing therein a reducing agent with the exhaust upstream of the NOx reduction catalyst. Then, when the temperature of the ammonia slip oxidation catalyst reaches or exceeds the temperature for activating a catalyst thereof, the electric fan is operated for a predetermined period of time, so that the gas (ammonia series gas) in the upper space of the storage tank is forcibly discharged to the upstream side of the NOx reduction catalyst. Further, a discharge-forcing device, such as an electric fan or the like, forcibly discharging the gas in the upper space of the storage tank, an adsorbing device temporarily adsorbing thereto the forcibly discharged gas and an oxidation catalyst oxidizing the gas desorbed from the adsorbing device, may be disposed to the storage tank in this order.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for improving accuracy during a plurality of screen printing steps. After a first layer and an alignment mark are printed on a workpiece, the alignment mark is imaged by a camera so that the alignment mark is stored as image data in an image processing device adapted to deliver reference data for subsequent printing, and the image data is used to renew the reference data in the image processing device.

Abstract: An engine exhaust emission purification apparatus for reducing and purifying NOx in the exhaust emission by using a liquid reducing agent having a temperature maintenance device for maintaining a temperature of at least a part of a liquid reducing agent supply system configured by an injection nozzle and piping of the injection nozzle at a temperature lower than a boiling point of a solvent of the liquid reducing agent or equal to or higher than a melting point of dissolved matter in which the liquid reducing agent existing in the liquid reducing agent supply system conducts heat exchange with the liquid reducing agent supply system thereby being maintained at a temperature lower than the boiling point of the solvent or equal to or higher than the melting point of the dissolved matter and resultantly, occurrence of precipitation of the dissolved matter due to evaporation of only the solvent in the liquid reducing agent supply system does not occur, and even if precipitation of the dissolved matter occurs, the

Abstract: An engine exhaust emission purification apparatus for reducing and purifying NOx in the exhaust emission by using a liquid reducing agent having a temperature maintenance device for maintaining a temperature of at least a part of a liquid reducing agent supply system configured by an injection nozzle and piping of the injection nozzle at a temperature lower than a boiling point of a solvent of the liquid reducing agent or equal to or higher than a melting point of dissolved matter in which the liquid reducing agent existing in the liquid reducing agent supply system conducts heat exchange with the liquid reducing agent supply system thereby being maintained at a temperature lower than the boiling point of the solvent or equal to or higher than the melting point of the dissolved matter and resultantly, occurrence of precipitation of the dissolved matter due to evaporation of only the solvent in the liquid reducing agent supply system does not occur, and even If precipitation of the dissolved matter occurs, the

Abstract: An engine exhaust emission purification apparatus for reducing and purifying NOx in the exhaust emission by using a liquid reducing agent having a temperature maintenance device for maintaining a temperature of at least a part of a liquid reducing agent supply system configured by an injection nozzle and piping of the injection nozzle at a temperature lower than a boiling point of a solvent of the liquid reducing agent or equal to or higher than a melting point of dissolved matter in which the liquid reducing agent existing in the liquid reducing agent supply system conducts heat exchange with the liquid reducing agent supply system thereby being maintained at a temperature lower than the boiling point of the solvent or equal to or higher than the melting point of the dissolved matter and resultantly, occurrence of precipitation of the dissolved matter due to evaporation of only the solvent in the liquid reducing agent supply system does not occur, and even if precipitation of the dissolved matter occurs, the

Abstract: A NOx reduction catalyst and an ammonia slip oxidation catalyst are disposed in an exhaust system in this order, and also, an electric fan is disposed on piping which communicates an upper space of a storage tank storing therein a reducing agent with the exhaust upstream of the NOx reduction catalyst. Then, when the temperature of the ammonia slip oxidation catalyst reaches or exceeds the temperature for activating a catalyst thereof, the electric fan is operated for a predetermined period of time, so that the gas (ammonia series gas) in the upper space of the storage tank is forcibly discharged to the upstream side of the NOx reduction catalyst. Further, a discharge-forcing device, such as an electric fan or the like, forcibly discharging the gas in the upper space of the storage tank, an adsorbing device temporarily adsorbing thereto the forcibly discharged gas and an oxidation catalyst oxidizing the gas desorbed from the adsorbing device, may be disposed to the storage tank in this order.

Abstract: An engine exhaust emission purification apparatus for reducing and purifying NOx in the exhaust emission by using a liquid reducing agent having a temperature maintenance device for maintaining a temperature of at least a part of a liquid reducing agent supply system configured by an injection nozzle and piping of the injection nozzle at a temperature lower than a boiling point of a solvent of the liquid reducing agent or equal to or higher than a melting point of dissolved matter in which the liquid reducing agent existing in the liquid reducing agent supply system conducts heat exchange with the liquid reducing agent supply system thereby being maintained at a temperature lower than the boiling point of the solvent or equal to or higher than the melting point of the dissolved matter and resultantly, occurrence of precipitation of the dissolved matter due to evaporation of only the solvent in the liquid reducing agent supply system does not occur, and even If precipitation of the dissolved matter occurs, the

Abstract: An exhaust gas purification apparatus of an engine having a reduction catalytic converter arranged in an engine exhaust gas system, for reducing and purifying nitrogen oxide by a liquid reducing agent, a reducing agent supply device controlling a flow rate of a liquid reducing agent that is supplied to the reduction catalytic converter, depending on engine operating conditions, an injection nozzle secured to the exhaust system via a flange, for injection-supplying the liquid reducing agent into exhaust gas at a position upstream of the reduction catalytic converter, and piping providing a fluid communication between the reducing agent supply device and the injection nozzle. The piping is constructed of a material made of ceramics, or water repellency treatment is applied to the inner wall of at least one of the injection nozzle and the piping.

Abstract: A reactant gas (C) is supplied from a reactant gas supply means (1) concentratedly to active areas (A1) alone on a target article (A), a photochemical reaction between excimer UV and the reactant gas (C) is thereby accelerated in a low-temperature atmosphere. The reactant gas (C) is not supplied to areas (A2), where the photochemical reaction does not actively occur, and is not wasted. A reactant gas source having a large gas-supply capability is not required. The photochemical reaction can be stably performed with a simple structure in a low-temperature atmosphere.

Abstract: There are provided pharmaceutical formulations with improved oral absorptivity and injections that contain, as active ingredients, high concentrations of benzamide derivatives and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, which are useful as histone deacetylase inhibitors. A pharmaceutical solution is prepared by dissolving a benzamide derivative or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in an organic solvent and/or acidic liquid, and a pharmaceutical formulation is prepared by adding a surfactant, an acidic substance and/or a polyethylene glycol. The present invention has enabled dissolution of benzamide derivatives or their pharmaceutically acceptable salts at high concentrations, to prepare practical injections and oral liquid formulations and improve absorptivity with oral administration.

Abstract: A layered structure for a semiconductor substrate has a planar surface, lighter weight, and increased flexural rigidity. By decreasing warping in a multilayered recording medium that arises when forming the recording layer, while suppressing an increase in the weight of the memory substrate, a recording medium for a compact, large capacity memory device can be manufactured. The recording medium is positioned opposite a read/write circuit substrate that is provided with a plurality of miniature probes. A recording layer is formed on a front surface of a memory substrate, a beam structure for reinforcing flexural rigidity is formed on a back surface of said memory substrate. A conductive layer may be formed between the memory substrate and the recording layer.

Abstract: To enable the measurement of the absolute voltage of the wiring under test with no cross-talk and without depending on the gap interval between the probe tip and-the wiring under test. [Construction of the Invention]The voltage of the conductive films 22 to 24 are controlled by the feedback circuit 55 so that the output of the differential amplifier 52 is equal to zero, for example. No external electric field is applied to the pinhole h, and the voltages of the conductive film and the wiring under test 12 are equal to each other.The variation in polarization of the measuring light in the electrooptic material 21 is detected as a difference in potential occurring in the electrooptic material 21, and the voltage of the wiring under test 12 is measured on the basis of the difference in potential.

Abstract: Pulses of an ultrasonic wave beam are emitted into a body at a predetermined repetition period. Echo pulses of the ultrasonic wave beam are received via a pulrality of different channels. Each of the received pulses is converted into corresponding electric signals of the respective channels. A pair of adders invert signs of alternate ones of pairs of the electric signals of adjacent channels, summing the inverted sign electric signals with remaining non-inverted sign electric signals, converting the electric signals into a pair of complex signals having phases which are spatially different from each other by 90 degrees. An autocorrelation function of the complex signals is calculated. A component of a speed of moving matter within the body in a predetermined direction is calculated on the basis of the autocorrelation function. The moving matter causes the echo pulses. The predetermined direction is perpendicular to a direction of travel of the ultrasonic wave beam pulses.

Abstract: An ultrasonic Doppler blood flow velocity detection apparatus comprises: a signal producing circuit for producing trigger pulses, a sampling clock signal having a given phase relation with the trigger pulses, and a pair of quadrature signals of a given frequency in response to the trigger pulses. A transducer transmits also receives ultrasonic waves in response to the trigger pulses; The transducer also receives ultrasonic waves reflected back by an ultrasonic-wave reflective object and converts the received ultrasonic waves into an electric echo signal. A Doppler shift detection circuit, responsive to the pair of quadrature signals and the echo signal, detects the Doppler shift. An averaging circuit, responsive to the sampling clock, and the Doppler shift; averages plural time-different values of the Doppler shift, thereby producing a signal indicative of flow velocity of the ultrasonic-wave reflective object.

Abstract: An ultrasonic Doppler blood flow detection apparatus of the invention comprises: a transducing circuit for emitting ultrasonic waves at a predetermined interval and for receiving reflected ultrasonic waves from an object in the blood vessel and converting the received signal into an electric echo signal; a frequency-difference signal producing circuit for producing frequency-difference components between the echo signal and first pair of quadrature signals of a frequency f1 in response to the echo signal and the first pair of quadrature signals; first and second Doppler signal detection circuit for detecting first and second Doppler signals of upper and lower sidebands of the frequency f1 from the frequency-difference components in response to second pair of quadrature signals of a frequency f2; and a frequency difference calculation circuit for calculating frequency difference between output signals from the first and second Doppler signal detection circuits.

Abstract: An ultrasonic blood velocity detector comprises an ultrasonic probe emitting ultrasonic wave into an examined body and converting echoes of the emitted ultrasonic wave into an echo signal. The echo signal is processed into a detection signal through phase detection. A first Doppler signal and a second Doppler signal are derived from the detection signal. The first Doppler signal represents a flow of blood. The second Doppler signal mainly contains clutter components. A difference in phase between the first and second Doppler signals is calculated.

Abstract: Pulses of an ultrasonic wave beam are emitted into a body at a predetermined repetition period. Echo pulses of the ultrasonic wave beam are received via a plurality of different channels. Each of the received pulses is converted simultaneously into corresponding electric signals of the respective channels. A time-dependent change in a variation between the electric signals of the respective channels is derived. A component of a speed of moving matter within the body in a predetermined direction is calculated on the basis of the derived time-dependent change. The moving matter causes the echo pulses. The predetermined direction is perpendicular to a direction of travel of the ultrasonic wave beam pulses.

Abstract: An ultrasonic Doppler blood flow velocity detection apparatus comprises: a pulse generation circuit for generating pulses at a predetermined interval; a transducer for transmitting ultrasonic waves in response to each of the pulses and for receiving reflected ultrasonic waves from a reflective object in the blood of a human body and converting the received ultrasonic waves into an electric echo signal; an extraction circuit for extracting signal components of first and second frequencies f1 and f2; a signal producing circuit for producing a signal having a frequency of .vertline.f1-f2.vertline.