Abstract: The phosphorus-containing compound of the present invention is represented by the following formula (I), (II) or (III): wherein Z1, Z2 and Z3 each represents a cycloalkane, a cycloalkene, a polycyclic aliphatic hydrocarbon or an aromatic hydrocarbon rings which may have a substituent; R represents a halogen atom, a hydroxyl, a carboxyl, a halocarboxyl(haloformyl), an alkyl, an alkoxy, an alkenyl or an aryl groups; A represents a polyvalent group corresponding to an alkane; Y1, Y2 and Y3 each represents —O—, —S— or —NR1—, wherein R1 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group; k is an integer of 1 to 6; m is an integer of 0 to 2; n is an integer of not less than 1; q is an integer of 0 to 5; r is 0 or 1; and S is an integer of 1 to 4. The phosphorus-containing compound is excellent in heat resistance and is useful as flame retardants, plasticizers, or stabilizers.

Abstract: A biodegradable plastic composition which can be stably adjusted in biodegradation rate, and has greatly improved resistance to hydrolysis and weather, in particular the former, and durability resulting from the improved resistances; a molded article thereof; and a method for controlling biodegradation rate using the same composition. The biodegradable plastic composition comprising (A) 100 parts by weight of biodegradable plastic, (B) 0.01 to 10 parts by weight of a carbodiimide compound and (C) 0.01 to 10 parts by weight of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of benzotriazole-, triazine- and hydroxylamine-based compounds; the molded article thereof; and the method for controlling biodegradation rate using the same composition.

Abstract: A biodegradable plastic composition enabling to stably adjust biodegradation rate, improve hydrolysis resistance and heat resistance, and retain transparency, molded articles thereof and a method for controlling biodegradation rate of the biodegradable plastic. In more detail, a biodegradable plastic composition, characterized in that said composition is made by compounding 100 parts by weight of a biodegradable plastic (A), in particular, an aliphatic type polyester with 0.01 to 5 parts by weight of a carbodiimide compound (B) and 0.01 to 3 parts by weight of an antioxidant (C), in particular, a hindered phenol type antioxidant with a molecular weight of not less than 400 alone or mixed antioxidants of said hindered phenol type antioxidant and a phosphite type antioxidant, a molded article thereof and a method for controlling biodegradation rate of the biodegradable plastic.

Abstract: A hardening type reactive particles which contain a carbodiimide compound in such a way to have the reactive performance the carbodiimide group inherently has only in the surface layer section or both surface layer section and inside of the base particle, without deforming shape of the base particle. The hardening type reactive particles each comprising a base particle (A) of thermoplastic resin having a functional group and carbodiimide compound (B) impregnated only in the surface layer section or both surface layer section and inside of the base particle, wherein the base particle (A) and carbodiimide compound (B) are strong bonded to each other by the crosslinking reaction taking place under heating between the functional group in the former and carbodiimide group in the latter, and a process for producing the same.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a composition for an acoustically matching layer, having sufficient mechanical strength to allow itself to be easily formed, and capable of giving an acoustically matching layer highly stable in characteristics over extended periods even under high temperature and high humidity conditions. The present invention provides a composition containing a carbodiimide resin for an acoustically matching layer, where the composition may further contain inorganic hollow bodies or inorganic hollow bodies and another reactive resin; a process for producing a formed article of an acoustically matching layer by curing and forming under heating the composition in a mold for the acoustically matching layer; and an ultrasonic transducer using the same composition and ultrasonic transducer using the same formed article.

Abstract: The phosphorus-containing compound of the present invention is represented by the following formula (I), (II) or (III): 1

Abstract: Bis(cis-3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexyl) phthalate includes stereoisomers represented by following Formulae (1), (2) and (3) and satisfies the following conditions: 1

Abstract: In the presence of (1) an oxidation catalyst comprising a crystalline complex of manganese with an N,N′-disalicylidenediamine (e.g. N,N′-disalicylidene C2-8 alkylenediamines and N,N′-disalicylidene C6-12 arylenediamines), or (2) an oxidation catalyst comprising the above complex and a basic nitrogen-containing compound, a substrate (e.g., &bgr;-isophorone or a derivative thereof) is oxidized with molecular oxygen to produce a corresponding oxide (e.g., ketoisophorone). Ketoisophorone can be obtained from &bgr;-isophorone with high conversion and high selectivity.

Abstract: A highly pure hydroquinone dietser derivative can be produced from the reaction product of ketoisophorone with an acylating agent in a high yield by a simple and easy operation. In the presence of an acid catalyst, a cyclohex-2-ene-1,4-dione derivative shown by the following formula (3) was allowed to react with an acylating agent (e.g., acetic anhydride), and the reaction product was purified by crystallization to obtain a hydroquinone diester derivative shown by the following formula (1). The compound (1) contains about 0 to 4% by weight of a catechol diester derivative represented by the following formula (2), being highly pure. As a solvent for crystallization, a mixed solvent of an organic carboxylic acid (e.g., acetic acid) corresponding to the acylating agent and water may be used. In the formulae, R1 and R2 each represents an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group or a heterocyclic group.

Abstract: In the presence of an oxidizing catalyst, a &bgr;-isophorone derivative of the following formula (1) is oxidized in a solvent substantially from acid components (organic carboxylic acids) to form a ketoisophorone derivative of the following formula (2). The amount of the acid component in the solvent is 0 to 4,000 ppm (weight basis). The oxidizing catalyst is a complex salt of a transition metal and an N,N′-disalicylidenediamine. In the reaction, a cyclic base may further be employed as a co-catalyst. The solvent separated from the reaction mixture may be recycled to the oxidation reaction after removal of the acid component contained therein.

Abstract: In the presence (1) an oxidation catalyst comprising a crystalline complex of manganese with an N,N′-disalicylidenediamine (e.g. N,N′-disalicylidene C2-8 alkylenediamines and N,N′-disalicylidene C6-12 arylenediamines), or (2) an oxidation catalyst comprising the above complex and a basic nitrogen-containing compound, a substrate (e.g., &bgr;-isophorone or a derivative thereof) is oxidized with molecular oxygen to produce a corresponding oxide (e.g., ketoisophorone). Ketoisophorone can be obtained from &bgr;-isophorone with high conversation and high selectivity.

Abstract: A highly pure hydroquinone dietser derivative can be produced from the reaction product of ketoisophorone with an acylating agent in a high yield by a simple and easy operation. In the presence of an acid catalyst, a cyclohex-2-ene-1,4-dione derivative shown by the following formula (3) was allowed to react with an acylating agent (e.g., acetic anhydride), and the reaction product was purified by crystallization to obtain a hydroquinone diester derivative shown by the following formula (1). The compound (1) contains about 0 to 4% by weight of a catechol diester derivative represented by the following formula (2), being highly pure. As a solvent for crystallization, a mixed solvent of an organic carboxylic acid (e.g., acetic acid) corresponding to the acylating agent and water may be used.

Abstract: A method for obtaining polyester resin products having a desired strength and a mixture used in a method for obtaining polyester resin products having a desired strength. In the method and mixture a carbodiimide compound is added to a polyester resin. According to the method and mixture, polyester resin pellets having a desired strength can be obtained by adding a carbodiimide compound to a recovered polyester resin such as a recovered PET resin. Strength of the polyester resin during processing of the polyester resin is maintained.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of adhering adherends, including (i) providing at least two adherends at least one of which is made of a flexible material, and (ii) joining the adherends together to form a structure using a heat-resistant adhesive composition containing mainly 1) a polycarbodiimide resin and an epoxy resin, or 2) a polycarbodiimide resin, an epoxy resin and a curing agent for the polycarbodiimide resin, or 3) a polycarbodiimide resin, an epoxy resin and a curing agent for the epoxy resin. The heat-resistant adhesive composition can be applied under mild conditions, and the resultant structure has excellent heat resistance and chemical resistance, and has superior adhesion strength particularly at high temperatures.

Abstract: In the presence of (1) an oxidation catalyst comprising a crystalline complex of manganese with an N,N′-disalicylidenediamine (e.g., N,N′-disalicylidene C2-8 alkylenediamines and N,N′-disalicylidene C6-12 arylenediamines), or (2) an oxidation catalyst comprising the above complex and a basic nitrogen-containing compound, a substrate (e.g., &bgr;-isophorone or a derivative thereof) is oxidized with molecular oxygen to produce a corresponding oxide (e.g., ketoisophorone). Ketoisophorone can be obtained from &bgr;-isophorone with high conversion and high selectivity.

Abstract: A modified emulsion of polycarbonate resin, comprising a polycarbonate resin emulsion and a monocarbodiimide compound and/or a polycarbodiimide compound; and a process for producing a modified emulsion of polycarbonate resin, which comprises adding a monocarbodiimide compound and/or a polycarbodiimide compound to a polycarbonate resin emulsion. This modified emulsion of polycarbonate resin is improved in adhesivity, water resistance and chemical resistance.

Abstract: A printing and recording sheet comprises a substrate and an ink receiving layer of a crosslinked product of a composition which comprises a polymer resin and a crosslinking agent comprising a water-soluble or dispersible carbodiimide compound which is a condensation reaction product obtained by decarbonation condensation of at least one diisocyanate or a mixture of at least one diisocyanate and at least one triisocyanate. The reaction product is blocked at terminal isocyanate groups with a hydrophilic group.

Abstract: In the presence of a catalytic system comprising a cyclic base and a complex of a transition metal with an N,N'-disalicylidenediamine, ketoisophorone or a derivative thereof is produced by oxidizing .beta.-isophorone or a derivative thereof with molecular oxygen with controlling the water content of a reaction system to 1% by weight or less at the initial stage of the reaction. Moreover, the above catalytic system further comprises a basic nitrogen-containing compound. The complex may be an N,N'-disalicylidene C.sub.2-5 alkylenediamine complex with manganese, iron, cobalt, copper, or vanadium. The cyclic base may be an alicyclic or aromtaic compound having at least two nitrogen atoms. As the basic nitrogen-containing compound, a Schiff base such as an imino compound and an anil compound can be used. The proportion of the nitrogen-containing compound to the complex is about 0.1/1 to 20/1 (molar ratio).

Abstract: A polyurethane resin obtained from a diol component and a diisocyanate component by an ordinary process, wherein the diisocyanate component comprises:at least one kind of unmodified diisocyanate, andat least one kind of carbodiimide-modified aromatic diisocyanate having, at one or both of the ortho positions of the two isocyanate groups, an aliphatic, alicyclic or aromatic substituent of one or more carbon atoms, or at least one kind of carbodiimide-modified aliphatic diisocyanate wherein at least one of the two carbons each bonded with an isocyanate group is di- or tri-substituted, and the molar ratio of the unmodified diisocyanate and the carbodiimide-modified diisocyanate is 35-0.1:1. The polyurethane resin containing carbodiimide bonds in the molecular chain alleviates the problems of the prior art and exhibits hydrolysis resistance stably over a long period of time without losing the carbodiimide bonds out of the molecule.

Abstract: The present invention aims at satisfactorily printing such as labels by electrophotographic process onto a surface to be printed of an object such as synthetic resin plates such as optical disks. When printing the surface to be printed of the object by transference of charged toner on a transfer medium onto the surface to be printed, an electric charge is supplied to the surface to be printed, by contacting an electrode connected to a power supply device with the surface to be printed, in the vicinity of a transfer position where the toner on the transfer medium is transferred onto the surface to be printed. The surface electric resistance of the surface to be printed of the object is adjusted to be equal to or less than 1.times.10.sup.14 .OMEGA., in advance of the transfer of the toner.