Abstract: An optical imaging system includes a first lens having positive refractive power, a second lens having negative refractive power, a third lens, a fourth lens, a fifth lens, a sixth lens, a seventh lens, and an eighth lens disposed in order from an object side. A refractive index of the second lens is greater than a refractive index of each of the first lens and the third lens. The optical imaging system satisfies TTL/(2×IMG HT)<0.6 and 0<f1/f<1.4, where TTL is a distance on an optical axis from an object-side surface of the first lens to an imaging plane, IMG HT is half a diagonal length of the imaging plane, f is a total focal length of the optical imaging system, and f1 is a focal length of the first lens.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus for monitoring a leakage current of a transformer-less photovoltaic inverter, which can reduce the risk of a fault in a grid due to a leakage current in a photovoltaic inverter. The apparatus comprises a low pass filter configured to remove a high-frequency noise of a sensed leakage current signal; an average value calculator configured to calculate an average value of an output of the low pass filter; a direct current component remover configured to subtract the average value from the output of the low pass filter; a phase locked loop circuit section configured to calculate a peak value and a phase of a signal from which the direct current component has been removed; and a resistive component leakage current calculator configured to calculate a resistive component value of a leakage current, based on the peak value and the phase calculated.

Abstract: Disclosed are an image display apparatus and a method of operating the same. The method of operating the image display apparatus includes entering a camera mode, acquiring a captured image on a per lens position basis via position shift of a single lens included in a camera module according to the camera mode, storing the acquired captured image on a per lens position basis, displaying at least one of a plurality of stored captured images according to an image view mode, and displaying any one image focused on at least one area in the displayed captured image when the at least one area is selected. This method may enhance user convenience.

Abstract: A phase-change memory device and a method of fabricating the same are provided. The phase-change memory device includes a semiconductor substrate in which a word line is arranged, a diode line disposed over the word line and extending parallel to the word line, a phase-change line pattern disposed over the diode line, and a projection disposed between the diode line and the phase-change line pattern and protruding from the diode line. The diode line and the projection are formed of a single layer to be in continuity with each other.

Abstract: Disclosed are an image display apparatus and a method of operating the same. The method of operating the image display apparatus includes entering a camera mode, acquiring a captured image on a per lens position basis via position shift of a single lens included in a camera module according to the camera mode, storing the acquired captured image on a per lens position basis, displaying at least one of a plurality of stored captured images according to an image view mode, and displaying any one image focused on at least one area in the displayed captured image when the at least one area is selected. This method may enhance user convenience.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus for monitoring a leakage current of a transformer-less photovoltaic inverter, which can reduce the risk of a fault in a grid due to a leakage current in a photovoltaic inverter. The apparatus comprises a low pass filter configured to remove a high-frequency noise of a sensed leakage current signal; an average value calculator configured to calculate an average value of an output of the low pass filter; a direct current component remover configured to subtract the average value from the output of the low pass filter; a phase locked loop circuit section configured to calculate a peak value and a phase of a signal from which the direct current component has been removed; and a resistive component leakage current calculator configured to calculate a resistive component value of a leakage current, based on the peak value and the phase calculated.

Abstract: A phase-change memory device and a method of fabricating the same are provided. The phase-change memory device includes a semiconductor substrate in which a word line is arranged, a diode line disposed over the word line and extending parallel to the word line, a phase-change line pattern disposed over the diode line, and a projection disposed between the diode line and the phase-change line pattern and protruding from the diode line. The diode line and the projection are formed of a single layer to be in continuity with each other.

Abstract: A phase-change memory device and a method of fabricating the same are provided. The phase-change memory device includes a semiconductor substrate in which a word line is arranged, a diode line disposed over the word line and extending parallel to the word line, a phase-change line pattern disposed over the diode line, and a projection disposed between the diode line and the phase-change line pattern and protruding from the diode line. The diode line and the projection are formed of a single layer to be in continuity with each other.

Abstract: A curable and patternable ink, a method of using this ink as part of a structure that performs a function in an electronic device, and a soft lithographic method for forming said structure on a substrate for use within the electronic device is disclosed. The curable and patternable ink generally comprises a first portion defined by structural units of (R)SiO3/2; a second portion defined by structural units of (R)2SiO2/2; and an organic solvent. Alternatively, the ink further comprises structural units (R)3SiO1/2 or SiO4/2. The R group is independently selected to be an aryl group, a methyl group, or a cross-linkable group with the number of aryl groups being present in an amount that ranges from at least one aryl group up to 20 mole %. The patternable ink may be applied to a substrate using a soft lithographic process with good reproducibility of the applied pattern.

Abstract: Disclosed are acetylated cellulose ether, a method of preparing the same, and an article including the same. The disclosed acetylated cellulose ether has a degree of substitution (DS) of alkyl group of 1 to 2, a molar substitution (MS) of hydroxyalkyl group of 0 to 1, and a degree of substitution (DS) of acetyl group of 1 to 2; and a bulk density of 0.1 to 0.4.

Abstract: A phase-change memory device and a method of fabricating the same are provided. The phase-change memory device includes a semiconductor substrate in which a word line is arranged, a diode line disposed over the word line and extending parallel to the word line, a phase-change line pattern disposed over the diode line, and a projection disposed between the diode line and the phase-change line pattern and protruding from the diode line. The diode line and the projection are formed of a single layer to be in continuity with each other.

Abstract: The present disclosure is related to a method for processing image data in the portable electronic device, the method including obtaining an image through an image obtaining unit of the electronic device having a plurality of shot modes; determining each good-to-fit score of the plurality of shot modes for the obtained image; and displaying the each good-to-fit score of the plurality of shot modes for the obtained image along with the obtained image.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process of preparing hydroxyalkyl cellulose derivatives having improved enzymatic resistance. In particular, the present invention relates to a process of preparing hydroxyalkyl cellulose derivatives by reacting cellulose and ethylene oxide in the presence of alkali metal hydroxide, wherein the reaction between cellulose and ethylene oxide is performed in the presence of isopropyl alcohol azeotropic solvent in a horizontally agitated reactor, wherein the ethylene oxide is supplied via two steps, thus resulting in a two-step reaction, and the amount of alkali metal hydroxide remaining after the first reaction is controlled, thereby enabling to provide hydroxyalkyl cellulose derivatives having improved enzymatic resistance and turbidity and to remarkably decrease the solvent usage to have economical and environmental advantages.

Abstract: The present disclosure is related to a method for processing image data in the portable electronic device, the method including obtaining an image through an image obtaining unit of the electronic device having a plurality of shot modes; determining each good-to-fit score of the plurality of shot modes for the obtained image; and displaying the each good-to-fit score of the plurality of shot modes for the obtained image along with the obtained image.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process of preparing hydroxyalkyl cellulose derivatives having improved enzymatic resistance. In particular, the present invention relates to a process of preparing hydroxyalkyl cellulose derivatives by reacting cellulose and ethylene oxide in the presence of alkali metal hydroxide, wherein the reaction between cellulose and ethylene oxide is performed in the presence of isopropyl alcohol azeotropic solvent in a horizontally agitated reactor, wherein the ethylene oxide is supplied via two steps, thus resulting in a two-step reaction, and the amount of alkali metal hydroxide remaining after the first reaction is controlled, thereby enabling to provide hydroxyalkyl cellulose derivatives having improved enzymatic resistance and turbidity and to remarkably decrease the solvent usage to have economical and environmental advantages.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing hydroxyalkylalkylcellulose with high yield, more particularly to a method for preparing hydroxyalkylalkylcellulose with high yield, with at least 60% of alkoxy and hydroxyalkoxy substituted, by treating finely ground pulp with an alkali metal hydroxide at room temperature, reacting it with an alkylene oxide and an alkyl halide, and then adding an alkali metal hydroxide and an alkyl halide thereto. The method of the present invention is highly economical and also environment-friendly because waste of the reactants can be greatly reduced.