Abstract: A method and an apparatus are disclosed for detecting occupancy of a closed space based on Carbon Dioxide gas (CO2) concentration or change of such concentration. In various embodiments, a Base CO2 Concentration (BCC) may be measured to establish CO2 concentration in an empty closed space. An Average CO2 Concentration (ACC) may also be measured for a single average sized person. If at any time the Total CO2 Concentration (TCC) is measured to be higher than the sum of BCC and ACC, then it is determined that the presence of a person in the closed space is detected. In some embodiments, if TCC is measured to be more than BCC plus N times ACC, then it is determined that N people are present in the closed space, where N is an integer. Such determinations may be indicated by generating an alarm or alert.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus are disclosed for detecting occupancy of a closed space based on Carbon Dioxide gas (CO2) concentration or change of such concentration. In various embodiments, a Base CO2 Concentration (BCC) may be measured to establish CO2 concentration in an empty closed space. An Average CO2 Concentration (ACC) may also be measured for a single average sized person. If at any time the Total CO2 Concentration (TCC) is measured to be higher than the sum of BCC and ACC, then it is determined that the presence of a person in the closed space is detected. In some embodiments, if TCC is measured to be more than BCC plus N times ACC, then it is determined that N people are present in the closed space, where N is an integer. Such determinations may be indicated by generating an alarm or alert.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus are disclosed for dynamically detecting and updating occupancy of a predefined space based on the presence of smartphones carried by people. In some embodiments, smartphones may include an app that transmits a unique identification used to adjust a count automatically maintained by a remote or local computer to determine the number of people entering or leaving a predefined area. The occupancy level may allow the determination of whether the capacity of the predefined space has been exceeded. Such determinations may be indicated by generating an alarm. Detection of occupancy is useful in many applications such as space monitoring in schools or other buildings, fire evacuation, burglary detection, security purposes, detection of unauthorized presence, starting video cameras in a space to start recording events, calling security staff, space preparation (turning on lights, heat, etc.), space overflow estimation, and other applications.

Abstract: A device and a method are disclosed including a mobile computing and/or communication device having an external part, such as a protective or back cover, that is detected by the mobile device. In response to detecting a change in the external part, the mobile device automatically changes the UI. Such UI changes may include changing a color scheme, fonts, display themes, different sets of icons and/or apps, user preferences, or any other pre-determined UI changes.