Abstract: An underwater generator contains a three-phase electromagnetic coil system imbedded in a stator to form an external face surface perpendicular to its axis. A rotor contains radial vanes and a system of alternating permanent magnets imbedded onto a peripheral ring outside of the vanes so as to form an internal face surface positioned next to the external face surface and forming an axial gap therebetween. The rotor also contains a series of radial channels connecting the central area of the hollow shaft to the area of the axial gap. The rotor is spring-loaded and is capable of moving along its axis so that the axial gap can be changed. An auxiliary pump is provides to pump water into the axial gap and therefore create a hydrostatic pressure on the rotor to counteract the electromagnetic attraction forces generated during the operation of the device. The flow of the auxiliary pump is chosen in such a way as to maintain the axial gap within the range of 0.15 to 0.

Abstract: A welding apparatus controlling a position of a welding arc, having a welding head housing an electrode producing the welding arc in a working zone. The apparatus has an electromagnet compensating a magnetic field in the working zone and at least two photoelectric elements, each of the elements having its viewing area. Viewing areas of photoelectric elements intersect forming a cross-view field. Photoelectric elements are electrically connected to each other in bridge and to the electromagnet. When the welding arc is strayed, the cross-view field is displaced, the bridge connection becomes unbalanced and a certain potential is supplied from the photoelectric elements to the electromagnet. When this potential is supplied to the electromagnet, it compensates the magnetic field in the working zone by returning the arc into a proper position.