Abstract: A pointing device, a display apparatus and a pointing system, and a location data generation method and a display method using the same are provided. The pointing device includes a sensor that detects signals, a storage unit which stores a signal pattern and a controller which generates location data corresponding to a time at which a signal is detected. Using the detected signals, it is possible to more precisely determine a location of the pointing device on a display apparatus, and to minimize errors caused by delays that may occur when the pointing device is wirelessly connected to the display apparatus.

Abstract: An electronic pen for detecting a touch location on a display panel by detecting infrared rays generated by the display panel, the electronic pen including an infrared sensor that detects the infrared rays and generates a detection signal; an amplifying unit that amplifies the detection signal; a low pass filter that filters high-frequency elements from the amplified detection signal; and a location detecting unit that detects the location on the display panel touched by the electronic pen based on the filtered detection signal.

Abstract: A light scan type touch panel includes: at least two light scanning units located outside of a display screen at one side; a plurality of light guide units located at other sides of the display screen; and a light receiving unit located at at least one end of each of the plurality of light guide units. Each of the light guide units includes: a light guiding member having a light incidence plane and a light emission plane; a diffusion sheet located at the light incidence plane; a plurality of reflection sheets located at planes of the light guiding member other than the light incidence plane and the light emission plane; and diffuse reflection inducing units located at one side of the light guiding member, facing one of the plurality of reflection sheets.

Abstract: An electronic pen for detecting a touch location, a controlling method of the same and a driving method of a plasma display apparatus are disclosed. According to embodiments of the present invention, synchronization between the electronic pen and the plasma display apparatus may be performed. An electronic pen includes a sensor for receiving infrared emissions and for generating a plurality of sensing signals in response to the infrared emissions, a synchronization unit for determining a synchronization timing in accordance with timings of the plurality of sensing signals, and a coordinate detection unit for detecting an emission location of the infrared emissions in accordance with time differences between the synchronization timing and the timings of the plurality of sensing signals.

Abstract: A pointing device, a display apparatus and a pointing system, and a location data generation method and a display method using the same are provided. The pointing device includes a sensor that detects signals, a storage unit which stores a signal pattern and a controller which generates location data corresponding to a time at which a signal is detected. Using the detected signals, it is possible to more precisely determine a location of the pointing device on a display apparatus, and to minimize errors caused by delays that may occur when the pointing device is wirelessly connected to the display apparatus.

Abstract: An electronic pen for detecting a touch location on a display panel by detecting infrared rays generated by the display panel, the electronic pen including an infrared sensor that detects the infrared rays and generates a detection signal; an amplifying unit that amplifies the detection signal; a low pass filter that filters high-frequency elements from the amplified detection signal; and a location detecting unit that detects the location on the display panel touched by the electronic pen based on the filtered detection signal.

Abstract: An after-image prevention apparatus and method for a plasma display panel having a plurality of address electrodes and a plurality of scan and sustain electrodes arranged in pairs and in a zigzag pattern. An average signal level until the current frame from currently input picture data and an average signal level of each cell until the previous frame as stored in a memory section is calculated. The average signal level is compared with the picture data. An attenuation coefficient is generated corresponding to the difference between the average signal level and the picture data. The picture data is multiplied by the attenuation coefficient to output correction data, thereby preventing an after-image phenomenon on the plasma display panel.

Abstract: Disclosed is a plasma display panel, and an apparatus and method for driving the same. In the method of the present invention, an image signal is received and gamma-corrected according to a gamma correction curve. The gamma-corrected image signal is generated as subfield data according to a compressed subfield generation table. The average signal level of the image signal is calculated and correction according to an average signal level correction inverse curve is performed regarding the generation of the subfields for each gray level, and a sustain electrode driving signal and a scan electrode driving signal corresponding to the average signal level are output.

Abstract: A multi-gray-scale image display method and apparatus for displaying a multi-gray-scale image on a PDP by diffusing, as an error, a part of gray scale data representing an input image requiring more than a gray scale resolution of the PDP to a target pixel from different adjacent pixels in a scanning direction according to a diffusion factor corresponding to each pixel. A determination is made whether the target pixel to which the error is diffused from the adjacent pixels is positioned in an upper line of the whole image represented by the data. The diffusion factor is set such that it determines the error diffused from an adjacent pixel differently when the target pixel to which the error is diffused from the adjacent pixel is positioned in the upper line of the whole image.

Abstract: A method and apparatus to automatically control power of address data in a PDP includes a plurality of address electrodes, a plurality of scan electrodes, and a plurality of sustain electrodes arranged in pairs with the scan electrodes, and a PDP including the apparatus. The sum of pixel value differences between adjacent ones of successive lines in input image data is calculated, and an address power control (APC) level corresponding to the calculated line pixel value difference sum is determined. The image data is then repeatedly multiplied by a gain initially corresponding to the start gain and sequentially decremented by a predetermined value from the start gain upon every multiplication until the gain corresponds to the end gain, to output corrected address data.

Abstract: In a method of expressing a gray level of a high load image and an apparatus for driving a Plasma Display Panel (PDP) using the method, a load ratio of the input image signal is calculated, and an error diffusion of a lower bit of gray level data corresponding to the input image signal is performed when it has been determined that the calculated load ratio is greater than or equal to a critical load ratio which is a lowest load ratio among the load ratios in which luminance at every gray level does not increase while the gray level increases at a low gray level area. The error-diffused gray level data is then displayed on the PDP.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for reducing flicker when displaying pictures on a plasma display panel, based on an input phase alternation line (PAL) video signal of 50 Hz. Video signal data include successive first and second sub-field groups. When the number of sub-fields in the first sub-field group is more than that of sub-fields in the second sub-field group, the start or end points of the first and second sub-field groups are fixed, based on whether the video signal has a load ratio higher than a threshold value. When the number of sub-fields in the first sub-field group is less than that of sub-fields in the second sub-field group, the start or end points of the first and second sub-field groups are fixed, based on whether the video signal has a load ratio higher than a threshold value.

Abstract: The apparatus for displaying plasma display panel (PDP) gray scales includes an automatic power controller for detecting an average signal level (ASL) in each field of video data; first and second frame memories for storing the video data in even and odd frames; a sub-field generator for mapping the video data according to the number of sub-fields, generating gray scale data, and selectively storing them in the frame memories; an address data generator for generating address data and applying them to the PDP; an ASL controller for comparing the numbers of sub-fields in each field with each other, and controlling the number of sub-fields; and a sustain scan pulse generator for receiving the number of sub-fields, generating sustain pulses and scan pulses, and applying them to the PDP.

Abstract: A multi-gray-scale image display method and apparatus for displaying a multi-gray-scale image on a PDP by diffusing, as an error, a part of gray scale data representing an input image requiring more than a gray scale resolution of the PDP to a target pixel from different adjacent pixels in a scanning direction according to a diffusion factor corresponding to each pixel. A determination is made whether the target pixel to which the error is diffused from the adjacent pixels is positioned in an upper line of the whole image represented by the data. The diffusion factor is set such that it determines the error diffused from an adjacent pixel differently when the target pixel to which the error is diffused from the adjacent pixel is positioned in the upper line of the whole image.

Abstract: A multi-gray-scale image display method and apparatus for displaying a multi-gray-scale image on a PDP by diffusing, as an error, a part of gray scale data representing an input image requiring more than a gray scale resolution of the PDP to a target pixel from different adjacent pixels in a scanning direction according to a diffusion factor corresponding to each pixel. A determination is made whether the target pixel to which the error is diffused from the adjacent pixels is positioned in an upper line of the whole image represented by the data. The diffusion factor is set such that it determines the error diffused from an adjacent pixel differently when the target pixel to which the error is diffused from the adjacent pixel is positioned in the upper line of the whole image.

Abstract: An after-image prevention apparatus and method for a plasma display panel having a plurality of address electrodes and a plurality of scan and sustain electrodes arranged in pairs and in a zigzag pattern. An average signal level until the current frame from currently input picture data and an average signal level of each cell until the previous frame as stored in a memory section is calculated. The average signal level is compared with the picture data. An attenuation coefficient is generated corresponding to the difference between the average signal level and the picture data. The picture data is multiplied by the attenuation coefficient to output correction data, thereby preventing an after-image phenomenon on the plasma display panel.

Abstract: An after-image prevention apparatus and method for a plasma display panel having a plurality of address electrodes and a plurality of scan and sustain electrodes arranged in pairs and in a zigzag pattern. An average signal level until the current frame from currently input picture data and an average signal level of each cell until the previous frame as stored in a memory section is calculated. The average signal level is compared with the picture data. An attenuation coefficient is generated corresponding to the difference between the average signal level and the picture data. The picture data is multiplied by the attenuation coefficient to output correction data, thereby preventing an after-image phenomenon on the plasma display panel.

Abstract: A method of driving a discharge display panel includes steps (a) thru (c) as follows. In step (a), the number of sustaining discharge pulses is set for each sustaining discharge period so as to be proportional to a gray-scale weight assigned to each sub-field and so as to be inversely proportional to an average signal level of each frame. In step (b), when a frame has an average signal level at which ratios between the gray-scale weights of the respective sub-fields are not varied in accordance with the set number of sustaining discharge pulses, the driving is performed in accordance with the set number of sustaining discharge pulses.

Abstract: Disclosed is a plasma display panel, and an apparatus and method for driving the same. In the method of the present invention, an image signal is received and gamma-corrected according to a gamma correction curve. The gamma-corrected image signal is generated as subfield data according to the subfield generating compression curve. The average signal level of the image signal is calculated and correction according to an average signal level correction inverse curve is performed regarding the generation of the subfields for each gray level, and a sustain electrode driving signal and a scan electrode driving signal corresponding to the average signal level are output.

Abstract: In a method of expressing a gray level of a high load image and an apparatus for driving a Plasma Display Panel (PDP) using the method, a load ratio of the input image signal is calculated, and an error diffusion of a lower bit of gray level data corresponding to the input image signal is performed when it has been determined that the calculated load ratio is greater than or equal to a critical load ratio which is a lowest load ratio among the load ratios in which luminance at every gray level does not increase while the gray level increases at a low gray level area. The error-diffused gray level data is then displayed on the PDP.