Abstract: A system for energy upconversion and/or down conversion and a system for producing a photostimulated reaction in a medium. These systems include 1) a nanoparticle configured, upon exposure to a first wavelength ?1 of radiation, to generate a second wavelength ?2 of radiation having a higher energy than the first wavelength ?1 and 2) a metallic structure disposed in relation to the nanoparticle. A physical characteristic of the metallic structure is set to a value where a surface plasmon resonance in the metallic structure resonates at a frequency which provides a spectral overlap with either the first wavelength ?1 or the second wavelength ?2, or with both ?1 and ?2. The system for producing a photostimulated reaction in a medium includes a receptor disposed in the medium in proximity to the nanoparticle which, upon activation by the second wavelength ?2, generates the photostimulated reaction.

Abstract: A method and a system for producing a change in a medium disposed in an artificial container. The method places in a vicinity of the medium at least one of a plasmonics agent and an energy modulation agent. The method applies an initiation energy through the artificial container to the medium. The initiation energy interacts with the plasmonics agent or the energy modulation agent to directly or indirectly produce the change in the medium. The system includes an initiation energy source configured to apply an initiation energy to the medium to activate the plasmonics agent or the energy modulation agent.

Abstract: Psoralen compounds of Formula (I): wherein (N+ Aryl) is a member selected from the group consisting of nitrogen containing aromatic heterocycles of formulae (i)-(iii): wherein Z is a group of formula: wherein R is C1-C30 hydrocarbyl, which may be linear, branched or cyclic and contains from 1 to 15 carbon-carbon double bonds, which may be conjugated or unconjugated with one another or may include an aryl ring, and may contain one or more substituents; R1 is hydrogen, aryl, heteroaryl, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkene-aryl, alkene-heteroaryl, alkene-heterocyclyl, alkene-cycloalkyl, fused cycloalkylaryl, fused cycloalkylheteroaryl, fused heterocyclylaryl, fused heterocyclyheteroaryl, alkylene-fused cycloalkylaryl, alkylene-fused cycloalkylheteroaryl, alkylene-fused heterocyclylaryl, alkylene-fused heterocyclyheteroaryl; n is an integer from 1 to 8 and X is a pharmaceutically acceptable counter ion; and their use in methods for the treatment of a cell proliferat

Abstract: A method and a system for producing a change in a medium. The method places in a vicinity of the medium at least one energy modulation agent. The method applies an initiation energy to the medium. The initiation energy interacts with the energy modulation agent to directly or indirectly produce the change in the medium. The system includes an initiation energy source configured to apply an initiation energy to the medium to activate the energy modulation agent.