Abstract: The invention relates to compositions for retaining soil moisture and improving plant growth in dry soils, which, together with one or more moisture retaining materials and wetting agents, comprises iron(III) oxides and optionally potassium metabisulfite [borken (HU), E224] as potentiating agent. The iron(III) oxides preferably are microparticulate. The composition Suitably comprises iron(III)oxides and potassium metabisulfite as potentiating agent. Other aspects of the invention relate to binding the moisture content of soils, as well as compositions for use in enhancing the efficacy of Soil retaining compositions.

Abstract: The invention relates to compositions for retaining soil moisture and improving plant growth in dry soils, which, together with one or more moisture retaining materials and wetting agents, comprises iron(III) oxides and optionally potassium metabisulfite [borken (HU), E224] as potentiating agent. The iron(III) oxides preferably are microparticulate. The composition Suitably comprises iron(III)oxides and potassium metabisulfite as potentiating agent. Other aspects of the invention relate to binding the moisture content of soils, as well as compositions for use in enhancing the efficacy of Soil retaining compositions.

Abstract: The invention relates to compositions for retaining soil moisture and improving plant growth in dry soils, which, together with one or more moisture retaining materials and wetting agents, comprises iron(III)oxides and optionally potassium metabisulfite [borken (HU), E224] as potentiating agent. The iron(III)oxides preferably are microparticulate. The composition suitably comprises iron(III)oxides and potassium metabisulfite as potentiating agent. Other aspects of the invention relate to binding the moisture content of soils, as well as compositions for use in enhancing the efficacy of soil retaining compositions.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for encoding voice signals, especially so-called voice onset sections. By establishing the first amplification factor, the data quantity for representing the whole of the first or adaptive amplification factor and adaptive code book entry is reduced, whereby other parameters which occur during the voice encoding can be represented in a more precise manner. The invention also relates to a method for transmitting voice signals which are encoded in such a way.

Abstract: Clicks in voice and music signals are removed by detecting and interpolating the click. The use of a permanently set threshold value above the peak value of the audio signal is known for detecting the clicks, and interpolation carried out on the basis of the sample values before and after a click is known for filling them in. Disadvantages of these methods are, on the one hand, that many clicks do not have a larger amplitude than the peak signal and therefore remain undetected, and, on the other hand, interpolation is a highly complex procedure and is limited to a maximum click density. The invention provides for an error signal (en) to be determined by adaptive filtering (AF). A sample value is designated as distorted in the input signal (xn) if the absolute instantaneous value in the error signal (en) exceeds a dynamically adapted threshold value.

Abstract: The reproduction of mono audio signals leads to an unpleasant sound impression because of the lack of any spatial character. It is therefore desirable to produce a two-channel signal electrically from the single-channel input signal. Some of the known single-band methods are very costly and provide only an inadequate impression of a spatial character. In the case of the invention, a plurality of signals of different types are first of all formed from the mono input signal by filtering, and virtual single-band stereo signals are then generated separately for each of these signals of different types. These stereo signals are subsequently combined to form two output signals.

Abstract: Herbicidal compositions comprising a substituted thiolcarbamate derivative corresponding to the formula (I) wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are selected independently from alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and/or a chloroacetanilide derivative corresponding to the formula (II) wherein R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are hydrogen or alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, identical or different, R.sub.6 is an alkoxyalkyl group corresponding to the formula --R.sub.7 --O--R.sub.8 in which R.sub.7 and R.sub.8 are selected from alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and, as an antidote, a thiocarbamic acid derivative corresponding to the formula (III) wherein R.sub.9 and R.sub.10 independently from each other are alkyl or alkenyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or R.sub.9 and R.sub.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composition for the extension and increase of the activity of herbicidal compositions containing as herbicidally active ingredient at least one carbamate and/or thiolcarbamate and/or chloroacetanilide and/or dichloroacetanilide derivative and optionally antidotes therefore, which comprises at least one thio- or dithiophosphoric acid ester of the formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R stands for identical or different alkyl, alkenyl, isoalkyl, isoalkenyl, haloalkyl, haloalkenyl, isohaloalkyl or isohaloalkenyl groups, each containing up to 4 carbon atoms;R' represents identical or different alkyl, alkenyl, isoalkyl, isoalkenyl, haloalkyl, haloalkenyl, isohaloalkyl, isohaloalkenyl groups, each containing up to 4 carbon atoms;X is oxygen or sulfur,X.sub.1 is oxygen or sulfur, with the proviso that at least one of the X.sub.1 groups is other than oxygen.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of and an apparatus for measuring surface temperature of especially moving objects, advantageously measuring the temperature of fibrous products, and particularly of wires during production. The essence of the method lies in that two concentric shells not being contiguous with either the object to be measured or with one another are fitted to the object to be measured, temperature is sensed in the two end locations and in the central region of the inner shell, and in the central region of the outer shell, these values are brought to be equal to the value measured in the central region of the inner shell by dissipation or by heat transfer (heating), then temperature is measured in the central region of the inner shell. The essence of the apparatus lies in that it comprises two concentric shells separated from one another, an inner sensing and an outer compensating shell, being provided with heated surfaces, and dissipating elements, respectively.