Abstract: Provided is a method of operating a nonvolatile memory device that includes a substrate and memory blocks having a plurality of memory cells stacked along a direction perpendicular to the substrate. The method includes: reading data from a selected sub block among sub blocks of a selected memory block and selectively refreshing each sub block of the selected memory block in response to the reading of the selected sub block, wherein each sub block of the selected memory block is separately erased.

Abstract: A shredder for super absorbent polymer includes an inlet portion for feeding a plate-shaped super absorbent polymer, a pulverizing portion for pulverizing the super absorbent polymer fed through the inlet portion, and an outlet portion for discharging the pulverized super absorbent polymer from the pulverizing portion. The pulverizing portion includes a rotary drum to which a plurality of rotary blades are attached, at least one fixed blade for pulverizing the super absorbent polymer in cooperation with the plural rotary blades, and a housing for holding the rotary drum and the at least one fixed blade. Each rotary blade has a polygon shape with at least one vertex having an acute angle of at most 45°.

Abstract: Described herein are techniques for cancelling I/O requests. Initially, virtual memory of an application is assigned to a first portion of memory. The application may issue a read request to an external device. The external device is instructed to record any response to the read request in the first portion of memory. The read request may be cancelled as follows. The virtual memory of the application may be re-assigned to a second portion of the memory. If and when the external device finishes processing the read request, the external device's response to the read request may still be saved in the first portion of memory, even though the read request has been cancelled. Such action of the external device would ordinarily corrupt the virtual memory of the application, but due to the memory re-assignment, no corruption of the virtual memory occurs. Similar techniques may be applied to cancel write requests.

Abstract: A structure for absorbing frontal collision energy of a vehicle absorbs frontal collision energy of a vehicle using both front side members configured to support a bumper beam disposed at a front side of a vehicle body, a shock absorber housing panel disposed outside the front side member, and a fender apron member disposed outside the shock absorber housing panel, and the structure includes: an enlarged member installed to be inclined between an outer surface of the front side member and a rear surface of the fender apron member so as to be spaced forward and apart from the outer surface of the front side member; and an enlarged frame engaged between a lower side of the fender apron member and a front mounting portion of a sub-frame.

Abstract: A system and method for broadcasting a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) is disclosed. A CSI-RS that is orthogonal to CSI-RSs transmitted by each of a first network cell and each of a set of neighbor cells that interfere with the first network cell is identified. In one implementation, the first network cell has a coverage containing a coverage of a second network cell. The method includes transmitting, from the second network cell, the CSI-RS that is orthogonal to CSI-RSs transmitted by each of the first network cell and each of a set of interfering neighbor cells.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and apparatus, in which a controller (OGI-controller) receives the registration of a terminal from a content provider so as to transmit information via a wireless multicast or broadcast channel, and transmits information to the registered terminal.

Abstract: An organic light emitting display device is provided to avoid color change due to a viewing direction. The organic light emitting display includes a light compensation layer having a refractive index different than that of an insulating layer. The organic light emitting display may be disposed at the side to which light emitted from an organic light emitting layer is entered to change the path and phase of light, thereby coinciding cavity peak phases for each wavelength of white light emitted from an organic light emitting unit.

Abstract: A biometric monitoring device and multiple carrying cases for same are provided. In some implementations, the case may be made from a flexible viscoelastic material and the biometric monitoring device may be slipped into a receptacle in the case through an opening in the case; the opening may become distended during the insertion of the biometric monitoring device. In some implementations, the case may feature a display window that, in combination with materials of the biometric monitoring device, may mask a display of the biometric monitoring device from view when the display is off and may allow the display to be seen when the display is displaying content.

Abstract: Methods of repairing and regenerating hard or soft tissue and reducing inflammation, anti-angiogenesis and anti-osteogenesis in a mammal and related methods of removing PF4 from platelets containing blood preparations. In one embodiment, the method comprises administering to a mammal platelets containing blood preparation where the PF4 has been reduced from the platelet containing blood preparation to repair and regenerate hard and soft tissue in the mammal.

Abstract: A semiconductor body of a semiconductor device includes a doped layer of a first conductivity type and one or more doped zones of a second conductivity type. The one or more doped zones are formed between the doped layer and the first surface of a semiconductor body. Trench structures extend from one of the first and the second opposing surface into the semiconductor body. The trench structures are arranged between portions of the semiconductor body which are electrically connected to each other. The trench structures may be arranged for mitigating mechanical stress, locally controlling charge carrier mobility, locally controlling a charge carrier recombination rate and/or shaping buried diffusion zones.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device is provided. The semiconductor memory device includes a memory cell array including cell strings coupled between bit lines and a common source line, each of the cell strings comprising a plurality of memory cells stacked above a substrate. The semiconductor memory device also includes a peripheral circuit configured to supply a negative voltage to one or more word lines coupled to the cell strings and supply a positive voltage to the common source line, wherein the peripheral circuit supplies the positive voltage and the negative voltage before a program operation is performed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cable-type secondary battery having a horizontal cross section of a predetermined shape and extending longitudinally, comprising: an inner electrode having an inner current collector and an inner electrode active material layer surrounding the outer surface of the inner current collector; a separation layer surrounding the outer surface of the inner electrode to prevent a short circuit between electrodes; and an outer electrode surrounding the outer surface of the separation layer, and having an outer electrode active material layer, an open-structured outer current collector and a conductive paste layer. The outer electrode having a conductive paste layer and an open-structured outer current collector according to the present invention has good flexibility to improve the flexibility of a cable-type secondary battery having the same. Also, the conductive paste layer is made of a light material, and thus can contribute to the lightening of the cable-type secondary battery.

Abstract: A method and device for decoding in a differential orthogonal space-time block coded system are disclosed. The disclosed method includes: (a) receiving signals from a transmitter during a particular time slot segment, where the signals are encoded by differential orthogonal space-time block coding; (b) transforming to reception signals for two sub-systems by using a sum operation and a difference operation of the signals received in step (a), where the transformed reception signals for the two sub-systems maintain an orthogonality of an orthogonal space-time block coded system; and (c) performing decoding using the reception signals for the two sub-systems transformed in step (b). The method provides the advantage of lowering the level of operational complexity for decoding in a communication system that employs differential orthogonal space-time block coding.

Abstract: A buffer control circuit includes a current supply unit configured to supply current and adjust the current in response to codes, an amplifying buffer configured to operate using the current and output a value obtained by comparing a reference potential and the reference potential, a second buffer configured to buffer an output of the first buffer, and a code generation unit configured to generate the codes in response to an output of the second buffer.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to suspension compositions having a carboxyvinyl polymer such as a carbomer, a galactomannan such as guar, and a borate compound. A sparingly soluble particulate compound such as nepafenac is also included in the compositions. The sparingly soluble particulate compound has a small particle size to enhance bioavailability of the compound.

Abstract: Provided are a method and apparatus for allocating a plurality of layers to a plurality of antenna ports in a wireless communication system. The method comprises: mapping the plurality of layers to the respective antenna ports; and mapping demodulation reference signals (DMRS) of the plurality of layers to a first code division multiplexing (CDM) set or to a second CDM set, and transmitting the signals via the plurality of antenna ports.

Abstract: A clamping apparatus for clamping a plurality of Hi-Fix boards arranged in a row, includes at least one rotational clamping unit installed to clamp facing end sides of the two or more Hi-Fix boards together, and a plurality of clamping units installed to clamp end sides of the Hi-Fix boards other than the facing sides thereof. The rotational clamping unit includes a clamper installed to rotate about a fixed rotation point to clamp or release the claming of the facing end sides of the two or more Hi-Fix boards, and a driving unit for providing a rotational force to the clamper.

Abstract: A multi-reflection structure including a substrate and pyramid is provided. The substrate includes an inversed pyramid shaped recess having at least three first reflection sidewalls. The pyramid is disposed on the substrate and located in the inversed pyramid shaped recess. The pyramid has at least three second reflection sidewalls, wherein the normal of each of the second reflection sidewalls and the normal of each of the first reflection sidewalls are not located in the same plane. Furthermore, a photo-electric device is also provided in the present application.

Abstract: The invention concerns a test tape device for analyzing a body fluid having a carrier tape, a plurality of lancing elements arranged on the carrier tape which are provided with a tip that can puncture a body part and a collecting structure that takes up the body fluid obtained during the puncture, and test fields mounted on the carrier tape each being associated with a lancing element and can have body fluid applied thereto. According to the invention it is proposed that the lancing elements are each movably attached to the carrier tape by a coupling member and that a used lancing element can be brought into contact with a test field by a transfer movement from a usage position distant from a test field into a contact position so that body fluid can be transferred from the collecting structure onto the test field.

Abstract: Embodiments of authenticating an electronic document are disclosed. A document authentication system is operatively connected with a professional system, a license management system and a certification authority system, for authenticating an electronic document of a client response to a request from a client system. An authentication unit included in the document authentication system receives the electronic document from the client system for review and seal thereof, transmits the electronic document to receive the electronic document with the electronic signature implemented and transmits the electronic signature to the license management system to verify license validity of the professional based on the electronic signature. Further, the authentication unit transmits the electronic document to the client system with the electronic signature including a seal imprint image of the professional if the license of the professional is valid.