Abstract: An electrical power converter has a transformer (4) and detecting circuitry for deriving a reconstructed output or load current. In a first aspect of the invention the load current is computed by subtracting a scaled version of the time integral of the primary voltage (Vcap) from a scaled version of the primary current (Iprim). In a second aspect of the invention the load current is computed by subtracting a scaled version of the time integral of the voltage (Vaux) across an auxiliary winding (24) from a scaled version of the primary current (Iprim).

Abstract: An apparatus for estimating a height at which a target flies over a reflective surface. The apparatus includes means for emitting a signal, and means for receiving signals, including the emitted signal after it has been echoed by the target. The apparatus also includes a height estimator configured to estimate the height by utilizing a direct signal coming directly from the target after the emitted signal has been echoed by the target, an indirect signal coming indirectly from the target after the emitted signal has been echoed by the target and has been reflected by the surface, and reflection parameters including at least one of an amplitude of a reflection coefficient of the surface and a phase difference between the direct signal and the indirect signal. The height estimator comprises a particle filter configured to dynamically estimate the reflection parameters.

Abstract: In a paint plant which comprises at least one spray-painting device incorporating at least one application unit for painting workpieces and in particular motor vehicle bodies with a fluid paint, in order to enable the fluid paint overspray i.e. the paint particles which are not adhering to the workpieces that are to be painted and which are picked up and carried along in an air flow passing through the application area of the paint shop, to be re-separated from this air flow and also to enable the cleansed air flow to be returned to the application area in an air re-circulating system or else expelled into the environment of the plant, the paint shop comprises a device for separating fluid paint overspray from a stream of crude gas that contains overspray particles wherein this device comprises at least one filter element for separating the overspray from the stream of crude gas.

Abstract: A monocrystalline layer having a first lattice constant on a monocrystalline substrate having a second lattice constant at least in a near-surface region, wherein the second lattice constant is different from the first lattice constant. Lattice matching atoms are implanted into the near-surface region. The near-surface region is momentarily melted. A layer is epitaxially deposited on the near-surface region that has solidified in monocrystalline fashion.

Abstract: Clustering algorithms such as k-means clustering algorithm are used in applications that process entities with spatial and/or temporal characteristics, for example, media objects representing audio, video, or graphical data. Feature vectors representing characteristics of the entities are partitioned using clustering methods that produce results sensitive to an initial set of cluster seeds. The set of initial cluster seeds is generated using principal component analysis of either the complete feature vector set or a subset thereof. The feature vector set is divided into a desired number of initial clusters and a seed determined from each initial cluster.

Abstract: Molecule-based magnetic polymers with reasonably high Curie temperature and methods of preparing are provided. In particular, magnetic polymers having repeating units of an organometallic monomer covalently bonded to a monomer having a plurality of unpaired electrons are disclosed. Intrinsically homogeneous magnetic fluids (liquid magnets) and methods of preparing are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for manufacturing a float glass by floating the glass on a molten tin that is contained in a molten tin bath, which includes the steps of a) discharging a portion of the molten tin in the molten tin bath to the outside of the molten tin bath; b) removing oxygen dissolved in the molten tin that is discharged from the molten tin bath by injecting an oxygen stripping gas that contains hydrogen into the molten tin; and c) returning the molten tin from which oxygen is removed to the molten tin bath, and an apparatus for manufacturing the same.

Abstract: A packet switching device comprises a network interface configured to send and receive data packets via a communication network, a plurality of string interfaces configured to transmit and receive data packets to/from a plurality of participants and a switching unit connected to the network interface and to the plurality of string interfaces. The a switching unit comprises a control unit configured to control a data throughput. The control unit comprises an interface association table which determines that data packets received via the network interface are mandatorily outputted via the string interfaces and the data packets received via the string interfaces are mandatorily outputted via the network interface.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the present invention provide systems and methods for data processing. As an example, a data processing circuit is disclosed that includes a data detector circuit, a biasing circuit, and a data decoder circuit. The data detector circuit is operable to apply a data detection algorithm to a series of symbols to yield a detected output, and the detected output includes a series of soft decision data corresponding to non-binary symbols. The biasing circuit is operable apply a bias to each of the series of soft decision data to yield a series of biased soft decision data. The data decoder circuit is operable to apply a data decoding algorithm to the series of biased soft decision data corresponding to the non-binary symbols.

Abstract: Disclosed is an eco-friendly incombustible biocomposite including: a) a polymer matrix comprising a natural fiber; and b) a ceramic sheet laminated integrally with the polymer matrix. The biocomposite is eco-friendly since the natural fiber is used as a reinforcement material and is incombustible since it is laminated integrally with the ceramic sheet. Further, it has superior storage modulus, dimensional stability and flexural properties and lightweightness, and is processable into various structures. Thus, it is very useful for automotive or building indoor/outdoor materials.

Abstract: A bearing includes a housing and an assembly which consists of at least two elements. Each element has an axle hole to form an axial hole of the assembly run through by a shaft. At least one element has at least one set of multiple notches formed thereon directing towards at least one of two ends thereof to communicate with the axle hole, and at least one groove with an enlarged opening formed on the wall surface of the axle hole directing towards the notches. The groove on the wall surface of the axle hole has at least one set of multiple recesses formed thereon. The housing has a through axial cavity to house the assembly. The bearing has at least one storage chamber to store lubricating media. The notches on at least one set of adjacent elements form at least one set of multiple passages communicating with the storage chamber and the axial hole.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for regulating the flow rate and for slowing down melt streams through magnetic fields in the tapping of metallurgical containers such as blast furnaces and melt furnaces. The method is characterized in that the melt stream is routed in a closed routing element using at least two magnetic fields disposed in series one after the other in the flow direction of the melt, said magnetic fields having a constant polarity opposite to one another, in such a way that the magnetic field lines transversally penetrate the melt flow across the entire cross section thereof and such that opposite voltages are induced in the melt stream by the magnetic fields, there being at least three eddy current fields produced thereby in the melt stream that are disposed axially one after the other, and that due to the interactions between the magnetic fields and the eddy currents forces are generated that can be used to reduce the flow rate of the melt stream.

Abstract: An apparatus for transmitting a synchronization signal using a plurality of transmit (Tx) antennas is provided. The apparatus includes a synchronization signal generator for generating a synchronization signal used for tracking timing or frequency synchronization, a transmission processor for allocating different subcarriers to a plurality of Tx antennas without overlapping, mapping the synchronization signal to the subcarriers, and generating an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol by performing inverse fast Fourier transformation (IFFT), a control signal coupler for controlling codes as a resource not to overlap among the plurality of Tx antennas, and the plurality of Tx antennas for transmitting the OFDM symbol.

Abstract: For allowing an enhancement of diversity of network applications in a simple way a method for operating a network, especially an IP (Internet Protocol) network, is claimed, wherein a local network is in connection with the network via a gateway and wherein a UE (User Equipment) of the local network is performing a session setup by communicating with a functional entity of the network in order to communicate with or to start a UE-related and/or session-related application. The method is characterized in that the application is communicating with a local network controller, wherein the network controller is receiving a UE-related and/or session-related parameter (LID—Local Identifier) from the application for locating a UE and/or a specific session within the local network based on the received parameter. Further, an according network is claimed, preferably for carrying out the above mentioned method.

Abstract: A wireless communication system is disclosed. A method for constructing a RACH preamble according to a cell radius of a base station (BS) irrespective of a guard time (GT) and a method for allocating the RACH preamble are disclosed. A method for constructing a preamble of a random access channel (RACH) includes acquiring time-length information of a predetermined cyclic prefix (CP) for each cell radius of a base station (BS), acquiring sequence time-length information of a single sequence or a repeated sequence, and constructing the preamble using the predetermined CP time-length information and the sequence time-length information, irrespective of a time length of a guard time (GT).

Abstract: Provided are a method and an apparatus for transmitting multicast broadcast service (MBS) data in a wireless communication system using fractional frequency reuse (FFR). The method comprises: allocating, to a common network zone, part or whole of a frequency partition where FRF (frequency reuse factor) is 1, from among a plurality of frequency partitions; and transmitting MBS data in the common network zone.

Abstract: A system and method are provided for generating an output comprising data pertaining to a vehicle. A set of vehicle data pertaining to a selected vehicle is requested and the vehicle data is obtained from a database. The vehicle data is stored, e.g. using a hash map and a script generated outside of the system is obtained, which defines the structure of the output. The script is then run while using the vehicle data to generate the output and the output is provided to an application.

Abstract: A die structure, a manufacturing method and a substrate, wherein the die structure is constituted by a chip on wafer (COW) and the substrate, and the substrate is formed by stacking and then cutting a plurality of thermal and electrical conductive poles and a plurality of insulating material layers. Moreover, the fabricating of the die structure comprises a plurality of COWs carried on a carrier board is bonded on the substrate, the plurality of COWs are in contact with the plurality of thermal and electrical conductive poles on the substrate, and then the carrier board is removed. After that, a phosphor plate is adhered on the plurality of COWs so as to form a stacked structure. Thereafter, the stacked structure is cut, thus forming a plurality of die structures having at least one COW.

Abstract: A method for producing a substantially desulfurized a hydrocarbon fuel stream at temperatures less than 100° C. The method includes providing a nondesulfurized fuel cell hydrocarbon fuel stream that may include water and passing the fuel stream sequentially through a zeolite Y adsorbent and a selective sulfur adsorbent. The zeolite Y adsorbent may be exchanged with copper ions. The method produces a substantially desulfurized hydrocarbon fuel stream containing less than 50 ppb sulfur.