Abstract: A nonvolatile memory device including a substrate extending in a first direction, a ground selection line extending in the first direction on the substrate, a plurality of word lines stacked sequentially on the ground selection line and extending in the first direction, a landing pad spaced apart from the ground selection line and the plurality of word lines in the first direction, a rear contact plug connected to a lower face of the landing pad and extending in a second direction intersecting the first direction, a front contact plug connected to an upper face of the landing pad opposite the lower face and extending in the second direction, an input/output pad electrically connected to the rear contact plug, and an upper bonding pad electrically connected to the front contact plug and connected to at least a part of a plurality of circuit elements of the nonvolatile memory device.

Abstract: A non-aqueous electrolyte solution for a lithium secondary battery and a lithium secondary battery including the same are disclosed herein. In some embodiments, a non-aqueous electrolyte solution for a lithium secondary battery includes an organic solvent, LiPF6 as a first lithium salt, a second lithium salt excluding the LiPF6, an oligomer represented by Formula 1, as a first additive, and a mixed additive of lithium difluorophosphate (LiDFP), fluorobenzene (FB), and tetravinylsilane (TVS), as a second additive.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a precursor composition for preparing a polymer electrolyte, and a polymer electrolyte and a secondary battery which are prepared by using the same. The precursor composition for preparing a polymer electrolyte of the present invention includes a lithium salt, a non-aqueous organic solvent, a polymerization initiator, an oligomer represented by Formula 1, and a compound represented by Formula 2, wherein the oligomer represented by Formula 1 and the compound represented by Formula 2 may be included in a weight ratio of 1:0.01 to 1:4.

Abstract: A domestic appliance may include a cabinet and a controller mounted to the cabinet. The controller may be configured to direct a diagnostic operation that includes receiving a dense diagnostic signal, transmitting historical use data from a plurality of historical memory slots from the controller of the domestic appliance, clearing the historical use data from the plurality of historical memory slots following transmitting historical use data, designating the plurality of historical memory slots as a unified logging slot for a single diagnostic cycle following clearing, initiating the single diagnostic cycle at the domestic appliance to collect single-cycle data within the unified logging slot, and transmitting the collected single-cycle data from the controller of the domestic appliance.

Abstract: A three-dimensional semiconductor device includes a first gate group on a lower structure and a second gate group on the first gate group. The first gate group includes first pad regions that are: (1) lowered in a first direction that is parallel to an upper surface of the lower structure and (2) raised in a second direction that is parallel to an upper surface of the lower structure and perpendicular to the first direction. The second gate group includes second pad regions that are sequentially raised in the first direction and raised in the second direction.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a separator for a secondary battery, the separator including a substrate and a coating layer formed on the surface of the substrate, wherein the coating layer includes an organic binder and inorganic particles, and the organic binder contains an ethylenically unsaturated group, and to a lithium secondary battery including the same.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a thermosetting electrolyte composition for a lithium secondary battery, a gel polymer electrolyte prepared therefrom, and a lithium secondary battery including the gel polymer electrolyte, and particularly, to a thermosetting electrolyte composition for a lithium secondary battery, which includes LiPF6 as a first lithium salt, a second lithium salt excluding the LiPF6, a non-aqueous organic solvent, and a polymer or oligomer containing a unit represented by Formula 1, a gel polymer electrolyte prepared therefrom, and a lithium secondary battery including the gel polymer electrolyte.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device comprising: a first semiconductor chip including an upper input/output pad, a second semiconductor chip including a lower input/output pad, and a substrate attachment film attaching the first and second semiconductor chips. The first and second semiconductor chips each include a first substrate including a first side facing the substrate attachment film and a second side, a mold structure including gate electrodes, a channel structure penetrating the mold structure and intersecting the gate electrodes, a second substrate including a third side facing the first side and a fourth side, a first circuit element on the third side of the second substrate, and a contact via penetrating the first substrate and connected to the first circuit element. The upper and lower input/output pads are on the second sides of the first and second semiconductor chip, respectively, and contact the contact vias of the first and second semiconductor chips.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electrolyte composition including a lithium salt; a non-aqueous organic solvent; a compound represented by a specific formula; and a perfluoropolyether oligomer, a gel polymer electrolyte including a polymer network which is formed by a polymerization reaction of the electrolyte composition, and a lithium secondary battery including the same.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device includes a memory cell array, a peripheral circuit, and a control logic. The memory cell array includes a plurality of memory cells. The peripheral circuit performs a read operation on selected memory cells, among the plurality of memory cells. The control logic controls the read operation of the peripheral circuit in response to a read command that is received from an external device and determines whether to perform a discharge operation of word lines that are connected to the plurality of memory cells based on a type of the read command.

Abstract: An electrolyte for a lithium secondary battery is disclosed herein. In some embodiments, an electrolyte includes a lithium salt having a concentration of 1.6 M to 5 M, an oligomer mixture which includes a first oligomer containing a unit represented by Formula 1 and a second oligomer containing a unit represented by Formula 2, and an organic solvent.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a non-aqueous electrolyte solution for a lithium secondary battery, which may form a robust solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), and a lithium secondary battery in which battery performance is improved by including the same. Specifically, the non-aqueous electrolyte solution for a secondary battery includes a lithium salt, a non-aqueous organic solvent, a first additive, and a second additive, wherein the non-aqueous electrolyte solution for a secondary battery may include an oligomer including a repeating unit derived from a monomer represented by Formula 1 and a repeating unit derived from a monomer represented by Formula 2 as the first additive, and may include at least one selected from the group consisting of a nitrile-based compound, a lithium salt compound, and a cyclic carbonate compound as the second additive.

Abstract: A parking control apparatus and a parking control method are provided. According to at least one aspect, the present disclosure provides a parking control apparatus including a signal processor, a determinator, and a controller. the signal processor is configured to receive first to Nth radar signals reflected from first to Nth regions of a ground surface from one or more radars disposed in a vehicle and to calculate information about the first to Nth regions, wherein N is a natural number. the determinator is configured to determine whether the ground surface is a slope based on the information about the first to Nth regions and to determine whether parking the vehicle is possible. the controller is configured to generates control information for controlling parking of the vehicle according to a determination result of the determinator.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition for an electrolyte of a lithium secondary battery, a gel polymer electrolyte including a polymerization product thereof, and a lithium secondary battery including the gel polymer electrolyte, the composition including a lithium salt, a polyalkylene carbonate-based first polymer having a weight average molecular weight of 1,000 g/mol to 1,500,000 g/mol, a polypropylene carbonate-based second polymer including a unit represented by Formula 2 and having a weight average molecular weight of 200 g/mol to 1,000 g/mol, and an organic solvent, wherein the weight average molecular weight of the second polymer is in a range of 1/3,000 to ? of the weight average molecular weight of the first polymer, and the amount of the first polymer is in a range of 0.1 wt % to 30 wt % based on the total weight of the composition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition for an electrolyte of a lithium secondary battery, a gel polymer electrolyte including a polymerization product thereof, and a lithium secondary battery including the gel polymer electrolyte, the composition including a lithium salt, a polyalkylene carbonate-based first polymer having a weight average molecular weight of 1,000 g/mol to 1,500,000 g/mol, a polyethylene oxide-based second polymer having a weight average molecular weight of 200 g/mol to 2,000 g/mol, and an organic solvent, wherein the weight average molecular weight of the second polymer is in a range of 1/3,000 to ? of the weight average molecular weight of the first polymer, and the amount of the first polymer is in a range of 0.1 wt % to 30 wt % based on the total weight of the composition.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a biomimetic chip for three-dimensionally simulating an endometrium, and an endometrium simulating method using the biomimetic chip. The biomimetic chip according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is a three-dimensional biomimetic chip including a plate, a plurality of chambers, and a plurality of posts, which are arranged between the plurality of chambers, wherein the plurality of chambers include channels in which different cells are cultured, are arranged on the plate to be parallel to each other in one direction, and are arranged adjacent to each other such that at least some sections communicate with each other.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a recombinant microorganism for producing PHBV, a method for preparing the same, and a method for producing PHBV using the microorganism. The present disclosure may provide a recombinant microorganism capable of producing PHBV, which is a biodegradable plastic material with superior physical properties, directly from an inexpensive single carbon source with high efficiency without supplementation of organic acid. The present disclosure can enhance the utilization of PHA, which is expensive and has limited physical properties, and can also provide a technology more effective for industrialization using an inexpensive single carbon source. The PHBV produced according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure can be used not only for general-purpose inexpensive products such as ecofriendly packing materials but also as a high-value-added medical biopolymer.

Abstract: A a composition for prevention or treatment of a Staphylococcus aureus infectious disease and a composition for prevention or treatment of a thrombotic disorder caused by Staphylococcus aureus infection are disclosed. Cell lysis by 11 toxins of Staphylococcus aureus can be thoroughly inhibited by using the cross-reactivity of antibodies against Staphylococcus aureus toxins, even with a minimal combination of antigens. The composition can be used as an effective therapeutic composition that can comprehensively remove or alleviate comprehensive pathological conditions caused by infection, away from piecemeal amelioration of individual symptoms caused by Staphylococcus aureus infection, by inducing opsonophagocytosis and effectively controlling blood coagulation in infected individuals.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pouch exterior material which is for a lithium secondary battery and includes an inner layer, an outer resin layer, and a metal layer located between the inner layer and the outer resin layer, wherein the inner layer contains an ethylenically unsaturated group, and a lithium secondary battery including the pouch exterior material.

Abstract: Disclosed is a lithium metal secondary battery including a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and a protective layer interposed between the negative electrode and the separator. The protective layer comprises an additive, and wherein the additive comprises a mixture of hexagonal boron nitride (BN) flakes and an ionomer comprising a sulfur (S)-containing anionic group and fluorine (F). The sulfur (S)-containing anionic group is at least one selected from the group consisting of SO42? and SO3?.