Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a plurality of lower electrodes having a vertical length greater than a horizontal width on a substrate, a supporter disposed between the lower electrodes, an upper electrode disposed on the lower electrodes, and a capacitor dielectric layer disposed between the lower electrodes and the upper electrode. The supporter includes a first element, a second element, and oxygen, an oxide of the second element has a higher band gap energy than an oxide of the first element, and the content of the second element in the supporter is from about 10 at % to 90 at %.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a plurality of lower electrodes having a vertical length greater than a horizontal width on a substrate, a supporter disposed between the lower electrodes, an upper electrode disposed on the lower electrodes, and a capacitor dielectric layer disposed between the lower electrodes and the upper electrode. The supporter includes a first element, a second element, and oxygen, an oxide of the second element has a higher band gap energy than an oxide of the first element, and the content of the second element in the supporter is from about 10 at % to 90 at %.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a plurality of electrode structures perpendicularly extending on a substrate, and at least one support unit extending between the plurality of electrode structures. The support unit includes at least one support layer including a noncrystalline metal oxide contacting a part of the plurality of electrode structures. Related devices and fabrication methods are also discussed.

Abstract: Methods of forming fine patterns for a semiconductor device include forming a hard mask layer on an etch target layer; forming a carbon containing layer on the hard mask layer; forming carbon containing layer patterns by etching the carbon containing layer; forming spacers covering opposing side walls of each of the carbon containing layer patterns; removing the carbon containing layer patterns; forming hard mask patterns by etching the hard mask layer using the spacers as a first etching mask; and etching the etch target layer by using the hard mask patterns a second etching mask.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a plurality of lower electrodes having a vertical length greater than a horizontal width on a substrate, a supporter disposed between the lower electrodes, an upper electrode disposed on the lower electrodes, and a capacitor dielectric layer disposed between the lower electrodes and the upper electrode. The supporter includes a first element, a second element, and oxygen, an oxide of the second element has a higher band gap energy than an oxide of the first element, and the content of the second element in the supporter is from about 10 at % to 90 at %.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a nonvolatile memory device includes providing an intermediate structure in which a floating gate and an isolation film are disposed adjacent to each other on a semiconductor substrate and a gate insulating film is disposed on the floating gate and the isolation film, forming a conductive film on the gate insulating film, and annealing the conductive film so that part of the conductive film on an upper portion of the floating gate flows down onto a lower portion of the floating gate and an upper portion of the isolation film.

Abstract: The present invention provides a battery charging control circuit to charge batteries in phases. In a first charging phase the charging circuit charges the batteries with a large current and at a second charging phase the charging circuit charges the batteries with a much smaller current. The charging circuit includes a current detection circuit which detects a charge current and provides a detection voltage proportional to the charge current. The battery charging control circuit also includes an amplifier circuit to amplify the detection voltage and a comparison module compares the amplified detection voltage with a reference voltage. If the amplified detection voltage is lower than the reference voltage, the comparison module outputs a switch signal to a control module. The control module controls a charging module to charge the battery in a trickle mode when receiving the switch signal.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus which is connected to at least one host device. The image forming apparatus includes a communication interface unit which communicates with the at least one host device; a user interface (UI) unit which provides information received from the at least one host device; and a control unit which receives information on one or more printable files, among a plurality of files currently being executed by the at least one host device, by accessing the at least one host device in accordance with a user command and provides the received printable file information. The received printable file information can be displayed and printed at the image forming apparatus.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to novel compounds of formulas (1) through (19) and to a method for treating humans infected with a virus including various respiratory viruses such as members of the Paramyxoviridae family (respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), human metapneumovirus (HMPV), human parainfluenza virus (HPIV), measles virus, and mumps virus) with a compound of formulas (1) through (19). The present disclosure also relates to a cytopathic effect (CPE)-based assay that will assess virus-induced CPE for screening of compounds for treating viral diseases or inhibiting a virus.

Abstract: Methods of forming fine patterns for a semiconductor device include forming a hard mask layer on an etch target layer; forming a carbon containing layer on the hard mask layer; forming carbon containing layer patterns by etching the carbon containing layer; forming spacers covering opposing side walls of each of the carbon containing layer patterns; removing the carbon containing layer patterns; forming hard mask patterns by etching the hard mask layer using the spacers as a first etching mask; and etching the etch target layer by using the hard mask patterns a second etching mask.

Abstract: A method used in a digital photo frame (DPF) with television function is provided. The DPF has a DPF mode for playing multimedia files stored in a storage and a television (TV) mode for playing TV programs received by a TV receiving module. The method includes: fetching TV program information from a TV program schedule when the DPF is in the DPF mode; detecting whether at least one TV program is airing soon or currently aired at the current time; displaying a TV listing menu prompt containing information on the at least one “airing soon” or “currently aired” TV program; receiving a mode switching signal and changing the operational mode of the DPF to the TV mode; and receiving and playing one of the “airing soon” or “currently aired” TV programs.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a nonvolatile memory device includes providing an intermediate structure in which a floating gate and an isolation film are disposed adjacent to each other on a semiconductor substrate and a gate insulating film is disposed on the floating gate and the isolation film, forming a conductive film on the gate insulating film, and annealing the conductive film so that part of the conductive film on an upper portion of the floating gate flows down onto a lower portion of the floating gate and an upper portion of the isolation film.

Abstract: Fast and simple method of detecting the presence of chloramphenicol, a harmful compound if present in food products. The method makes use of a mutant chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) and a fluorophore-linked chloramphenicol in a system where chloramphenicol and the fluorophore-linked chloramphenicol competes for the active site of the mutant CAT. Because the fluorophore-linked chloramphenicol reduces its fluorescence upon binding to the active site and vice versa increases its fluorescence upon being displaced from the active site by the presence of unmodified chloramphenicol in a sample, the increase of fluorescence caused by a testing sample indicates the presence of chloramphenicol.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of cyclometalated iridium complexes for detecting poly(amino acids) including peptides, polypeptides, and proteins. Poly(amino acids) are detected in solution, in electrophorectic gels, and on solid supports, including blots. The method of the present invention is rapid, highly sensitive, and extremely facile.

Abstract: Fast and simple method of detecting the presence of chloramphenicol, a harmful compound if present in food products. The method makes use of a mutant chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) and a fluorophore-linked chloramphenicol in a system where chloramphenicol and the fluorophore-linked chloramphenicol competes for the active site of the mutant CAT. Because the fluorophore-linked chloramphenicol reduces its fluorescence upon binding to the active site and vice versa increases its fluorescence upon being displaced from the active site by the presence of unmodified chloramphenicol in a sample, the increase of fluorescence caused by a testing sample indicates the presence of chloramphenicol.

Abstract: An illumination device includes a light sensor, a light-emitting unit, a switch unit and a processing unit. The light sensor is configured for sensing ambient light intensity and providing results based on the sensed light intensity. The switch unit is configured for controlling the electrical connection between the light-emitting unit and a power unit. The processing unit includes a control module and a light adjusting module. The controlling module is configured for turning off the switch unit to cut off the electrical connection between the light-emitting unit and the power unit during the sensing of the light intensity. The light adjusting module is configured for adjusting the brightness of the light-emitting unit according to the results provided by the light sensor. A related method is also provided.

Abstract: A method with television (TV) tuning function applied on a digital photo frame (DPF) is provided. The method includes: fetching a prompt time of at least one particular TV program; determining whether a prompt time of a particular TV program is about to arrive or has already arrived at the current time; fetching a prompt signal of the particular TV program whose prompt time is about to arrive or has already arrived, and outputting the prompt signal to prompt a particular TV program is being aired or about to air; switching the DPF from the DPF mode to a TV mode and providing the channel parameter of the particular TV program upon receiving a mode switching signal during the outputting of the prompt signal; and; and receiving and playing the particular TV program according to the channel parameter. A related DPF is also provided.

Abstract: A digital photo frame (DPF) includes a power source, a display panel, a light detector, a motion detector, a processing unit, and a power management unit. The light detector is configured to detect the ambient brightness. The motion detection unit is configured to detect whether anyone is around. The processing unit is connected to the light detector and the motion detector. If the motion detector detects someone is around the DPF and the light detector detects the ambient brightness is below a predetermined value, the processing unit controls the power management unit to provide power to the display panel.

Abstract: An electronic device capable of controlling light-emitting diode (LED) bright is provided. The electronic device includes a signal producing unit for producing an operation signal; a Micro Control Unit (MCU) configured for outputting a normal brightness control signal according to the operation signal, and outputting a ultra brightness control signal according to the operation signal when an actual idle time of the electronic device reaches or exceeds a predetermined idle time; a pulse current control unit for controlling an output current according to the normal brightness control and the ultra brightness control signal; and a LED illuminator array for emitting light based on the output current. The MCU terminates the output of the ultra brightness control signal when an actual time of outputting the ultra brightness control signals reaches a predetermined time, and then the LED illuminator array resumes its normally bright. A control method is also provided.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a battery charging control circuit. The charging control circuit includes: a constant-current charging unit and a trickle charging unit. The charging control circuit further includes a branch switch, a control unit, and a detection unit. The branch switch is connected between a power source and the rechargeable battery for enabling or disabling the constant-current charging unit. The control unit is between the constant-current charging unit and the branch switch for controlling the branch switch. The detection unit is used to detect a state of the rechargeable battery. If the detection unit detects the state of the rechargeable battery is correspond to a predetermined state, then the control unit controls the branch switch to disable the constant-current charging unit and enable the trickle charging unit.