Abstract: A method of forming a polycrystalline silicon layer and an atomic layer deposition apparatus used for the same. The method includes forming an amorphous silicon layer on a substrate, exposing the substrate having the amorphous silicon layer to a hydrophilic or hydrophobic gas atmosphere, placing a mask having at least one open and at least one closed portion over the amorphous silicon layer, irradiating UV light toward the amorphous silicon layer and the mask using a UV lamp, depositing a crystallization-inducing metal on the amorphous silicon layer, and annealing the substrate to crystallize the amorphous silicon layer into a polycrystalline silicon layer. This method and apparatus provide for controlling the seed position and grain size in the formation of a polycrystalline silicon layer.

Abstract: A method of erasing a semiconductor memory device comprises grouping a plurality of word lines of each memory block into at least two groups based on intensity of disturbance between neighboring word lines; performing an erase operation by applying a ground voltage to all word lines of a selected memory block and by applying an erase voltage to a well of the selected memory block; and first increasing the ground voltage of one group of the groups to a positive voltage during the erase operation.

Abstract: A magnetic memory device is provided. The magnetic memory device includes a first vertical magnetic layer and a second vertical magnetic layer on a substrate, a tunnel barrier layer between the first vertical magnetic layer and the second vertical magnetic layer, and an exchange-coupling layer between a first sub-layer of the first vertical magnetic layer and a second sub-layer of the first vertical magnetic layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a negative electrode active material for a lithium secondary battery, a preparation method thereof, and a lithium secondary battery containing the negative electrode active material. The negative electrode active material for the lithium secondary battery according to the present invention is formed by mixing: a carbon material coated with vapor growth carbon fiber (VGCF) and amorphous graphite; and one or more kinds of other carbon material selected from natural graphite, artificial graphite, amorphous-coated graphite, resin-coated graphite and amorphous carbon. According to the present invention, when the negative electrode active material is prepared, the carbon fiber is uniformly dispersed throughout the carbon material, and the carbon material is coated with the amorphous graphite and then mixed with other carbon materials, and thus, a high electrode density can be achieved.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition for the treatment of gout, comprising an Angelica gigas Nakai extract which inhibits xanthine oxidase to reduce uric acid in the blood or urine, thereby being effective in the treatment of gout. Further, the present invention relates to a composition for the prevention of inflammation in gout, comprising an Angelica gigas Nakai extract which has an inhibitory effect on the inflammation-inducing enzyme Cox-2. The Angelica gigas Nakai extract of the present invention is a liquid concentrate consisting of 98% by weight or more of decursin and decursinol angelate as main ingredients, and for administration to human, it is extracted with water and ethanol only as an extraction solvent. In addition, a purification method using a difference in temperature and solubility is used, in order to increase its purity.

Abstract: A Bluetooth communication method and system allows a Bluetooth device to rapidly establish a Bluetooth connection. A first Bluetooth device that is in a client mode displays a visual representation of its ID on a display unit. A second Bluetooth device that is in a host mode acquires the displayed visual representation of the ID of the first Bluetooth device via a camera module and extracts the ID of the first Bluetooth device. The second Bluetooth device transmits a Bluetooth communication-connection-request signal to the first Bluetooth device using the extracted ID. The first Bluetooth device transmits a replay signal responding to the Bluetooth communication-connection-request signal to the second Bluetooth device. The second Bluetooth device receives the reply signal and establishes a Bluetooth communication channel with the first Bluetooth device.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for providing handover support information in a mobile communication system are provided. A method for an Base Station (BS) to provide information necessary for measurement report trigger performance to a Mobile Station (MS) after the MS determines neighboring BSs in a mobile communication system includes, in a case where the MS is an active mode MS, providing a Time To Trigger (TTT) independently by a specific neighboring BS to the active mode MS and, in a case where the MS is an idle mode MS, providing a reselection time period (Treselection) independently by the specific neighboring BS to the idle mode MS.

Abstract: A navigation configured to be installed in a motor vehicle, and a corresponding method. According to an embodiment, there is a method that includes: a) reproducing video information corresponding to a straight section included in the route information at a speed faster than a typical reproduction speed; and b) reproducing video information corresponding to a curved section included in the route information at a speed slower than the typical reproduction speed.

Abstract: Provided is a microfluidic device and microfluidic system with the device. The microfluidic device includes a substrate; a channel formed in the substrate and in which a fluid can move; a valve controlling flow of a fluid flowing along the channel and including a phase transition material which can be melted by energy such as electromagnetic wave energy; and a lens disposed on the substrate and adjusting an irradiating region of the valve, onto which the energy is applied.

Abstract: A circuit board includes: an insulator having a groove; a circuit layer filling a portion of the groove; a solder pad on the circuit layer filling the remainder of the groove; and a circuit pattern electrically connected with the circuit layer, the circuit pattern buried in the insulator such that a portion of the circuit pattern is exposed at a surface of the insulator.

Abstract: Disclosed are a bifunctional catalyst for simultaneously removing nitrogen oxide and particulate matters, capable of decomposing nitrogen monoxide and generating nitrogen dioxide through oxidation of nitrogen monoxide, a composite catalyst including the catalyst for simultaneously removing nitrogen oxide and particulate matters used for an apparatus to decrease exhaust gas of diesel vehicles, and a method for preparation thereof. The catalyst and the composite catalyst can be used in a device for reducing exhaust gas contaminants mounted on a diesel vehicle and an exhaust gas purification system comprising the device.

Abstract: A semiconductor device is fabricated by forming a first gate conductive layer in a peripheral circuit region of a semiconductor substrate including a cell region and the peripheral circuit region; forming a buried-type gate in the cell region; and forming a bit line contact and a bit line conductive layer in the cell region and a second gate conductive layer in the peripheral circuit region. This minimizes a process for opening the cell region and the peripheral circuit region, thereby minimizing defects that can be generated from a boundary between the cell region and the peripheral circuit region. As a result, the manufacturing cost of devices may be reduced.

Abstract: A transmissive organic light emitting diode (OLED) with improved external light efficiency and a transmissive lighting device including the same are provided. The OLED includes a transparent anode formed on a substrate, an organic emission layer formed on the transparent anode, a cathode formed on the organic emission layer, and a light extraction enhancing layer formed on the transparent cathode, and configured to change a path of light generated from the organic emission layer to enhance light extraction efficiency of the OLED. The external light extraction efficiency is enhanced in both-sided or single-sided emission of the OLED and the external light extraction efficiencies of bottom and top surfaces of the OLED are selectively or simultaneously enhanced. An external light extraction ratio between the bottom and top surfaces in both-sided emission is controlled.

Abstract: An ultraviolet rays detection apparatus according to the present invention includes a color converting unit including nanocrystal quantum dots and having a color that is changed by irradiation of ultraviolet rays, and a non-color-converting unit disposed closer to the color converting unit and having a color that is not changed by the irradiation of the ultraviolet rays, thereby easily detecting the ultraviolet rays.

Abstract: A light emitting device according to the embodiment may include a light emitting structure including a first semiconductor layer, an active layer, and a second semiconductor layer; a first electrode on the light emitting structure; and a protection layer including a first metallic material on an outer peripheral region of one of the light emitting structure and the first electrode.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device includes dividing a design pattern layout into a repetitive pattern part and a non-repetitive pattern part, obtaining an optical proximity correction (OPC) bias from an extracted portion, the extracted portion being a partial portion of the repetitive pattern part, applying the OPC bias obtained from the extracted portion equally to the extracted portion and other portions of the repetitive pattern part so as to form a first corrected layout in which corrected layouts of the other portions are the same as that of the extracted portion, and forming a photomask in all portions of the repetitive pattern part according to the first corrected layout.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a retardation film, a method for manufacturing the same, and a liquid crystal display device comprising the same. More particularly, the present invention relates to a retardation film which comprises 1) an acryl copolymer that comprises an acryl monomer and an aromatic vinyl monomer; and 2) a rubber component, and the retardation film according to the present invention has excellent optical transparency, haze, brittleness, mechanical strength, heat resistance and durability.

Abstract: A photoelectric conversion module, for example, a dye-sensitized solar cell, for generating electrical energy from light is disclosed. In one aspect, the module includes a light-receiving substrate, a first functional layer formed on the light receiving substrate and a first bus electrode formed on at least two edge regions of the light receiving substrate. The photoelectric conversion module may have a counter substrate having a second functional layer formed thereon and a second bus electrode formed on at least two edges of the counter substrate an electrolyte layer disposed between the first functional layer and the second functional layer. A first connection line may be electrically connected to the second bus electrode and a second connection line may be electrically connected to the first bus electrode is disclosed. Further, the first bus electrode may be electrically connected to the first functional layer and the second functional layer may be electrically connected to the second bus electrode.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display is provided that includes a first substrate; a second substrate facing the first substrate; a field generating electrode disposed on at least one of the first substrate and the second substrate; an alignment layer disposed on the field generating electrode; and a liquid crystal layer interposed between the first substrate and the second substrate and including a liquid crystal and an alignment polymer. The alignment layer initially contains an alignment material including an initiator, and the alignment polymer initially contains an alignment aid.

Abstract: A method for operating an image display apparatus is discussed. The method according to an embodiment includes reproducing content, storing at least part of the reproduced content, upon receipt of a content save command, displaying a content object representing the stored content, displaying objects representing other users or electronic devices of a connected network or a network linked to the connected network, and transmitting, when the content object is dragged and dropped on an object selected from among the objects representing other users or electronic devices, the stored content to a selected user or electronic device represented by the selected object. The content is at least one of a broadcast image, an external input image, an audio file, a still image, a connected Web page, or a text file.