Abstract: Provided is a lab-on-a-chip. The lab-on-a-chip includes a first region where a lower substrate and an upper substrate are bonded to each other, a second region where the lower and upper substrates are not bonded, and a gap adjusting member disposed at an end of the second region that is opposite to a boundary between the first and second regions, the gap adjusting member being configured to adjust a gap between the first and second substrates to control a capillary force.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for protection switching in a ring network are provided. A method for protection switching in a ring network, which includes a first ring network having first and second connection nodes and a second ring network connected with the first ring network through the first and second connection nodes, includes: receiving, by the first connection node, first and second R-APS messages transmitted from nodes belonging to the first ring network; determining, by the first connection node, the position of closure in the first ring network by using the first and second R-APS messages and topology information; receiving, by the first connection node, a topology change signal transmitted from the second ring network; and transmitting, by the first connection node, an FDB flush message with reference to the position of closure.

Abstract: A variable resistance memory device, and a method of forming the same. The method may include forming a lower electrode on a substrate, stacking a first etch stop layer and a second etch stop layer on the substrate, forming an insulating layer on the second etch stop layer, forming a recessing region to expose the lower electrode by patterning the insulating layer and the first and second etch stop layer, forming a variable resistance material layer in the recess region, and forming an upper electrode on the variable resistance material layer. The first etch stop layer can have an etching selectivity with respect to the second etch stop layer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for preparing an embryonic stem cell (ESC)-like cell, which includes the steps of: (a) obtaining a first cell population from a mammalian tissue or body fluid, wherein the first cell population comprises adult stem cells; (b) obtaining a second somatic cell population from a mammalian tissue, wherein the mammalian tissue is different from the mammalian tissue in step (a) and the second cell population is different from the first cell population; (c) coculturing the first cell population and the second cell population in a medium for a period of time sufficient to form a colony from either the first cell population or the second cell population; and (d) subculturing a cell from the colony in a medium for a period time sufficient to prepare the ESC-like cell.

Abstract: A method of controlling a mobile terminal, and which includes receiving an blow signal corresponding to a blowing action into a microphone of the mobile terminal, and generating at least one of a visual effect and a vibration effect based on characteristics of the blow signal.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a first substrate; a second substrate facing the first substrate; a pair of field generating electrodes disposed on at least one of the first and the second substrates; and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first and the second substrates; wherein the liquid crystal layer includes a liquid crystal composition including a polar compound, the polar compound including a compound represented by Formula 1: wherein A represents X is a halogen, R1 is a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C10 alkyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C10 alkoxy group and R2 is a C1-C5 alkyl group or a C1-C5 alkoxy group.

Abstract: Provided are a remote controller and a method of controlling the remote controller, wherein the remote controller is operable to be in one of a first operating mode or a second operating mode, and which is connectable to a docking station, the remote controller including: an internal display screen, which displays at least one digital image; and a controller which may be operable to change between the first and second operating modes, wherein if the remote controller is connected to the docking station and if the remote controller is in the second operating mode, the controller controls the remote controller to change to the first operating mode to provide predetermined multimedia content.

Abstract: A lower unit for a glass polishing system includes a support installed to a rotatable turntable, and a carrier having a supporting part for supporting a glass to be polished, and a placing part formed in a surface opposite to the supporting part and fixed and placed to the support.

Abstract: An atomic layer deposition apparatus includes a chamber, a vacuum pump to control a pressure in the chamber, a gas supply unit to supply a reaction gas into the chamber, a substrate holder disposed between the vacuum pump and the gas supply unit and having a heater, a mask assembly disposed between the substrate holder and the gas supply unit and having a cooling path to move coolant, and a coolant source to supply the coolant into the cooling path. The mask assembly is positioned a first distance from a substrate, and coolant is supplied into the cooling path of the mask assembly. The substrate is heated using the heater of the substrate holder, a pressure of the chamber is controlled using the vacuum pump, and reaction gasses are sequentially supplied through the gas supply unit.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a Light Emitting Diode (LED) backlight unit without a Printed Circuit board (PCB). The LED backlight unit includes a chassis, insulating resin layer, and one or more light source modules. The insulating resin layer is formed on the chassis. The circuit patterns are formed on the insulating resin layer. The light source modules are mounted on the insulating resin layer and are electrically connected to the circuit patterns. The insulating resin layer has a thickness of 200 ?m or less, and is formed by laminating solid film insulating resin on the chassis or by applying liquid insulating resin to the chassis using a molding method employing spin coating or blade coating. Furthermore, the circuit patterns are formed by filling the engraved circuit patterns of the insulating resin layer with metal material.

Abstract: Provided is a field emission device, and more particularly, a field emission back light unit which makes an interconnection connected with an external electrode simple and capable of local dimming. To this end, a cathode structure for the field emission back light unit includes a plurality of data electrodes formed on a cathode substrate and spaced apart from one another, an insulating layer formed on the data electrodes, and having exposure regions exposing the predetermined data electrodes, cathode electrodes formed on the insulating layer and electrically connected with the data electrodes through the exposure regions, and at least one field emitter formed on the cathode electrodes, wherein a cathode block is defined based on the cathode electrodes electrically isolated from one another, and brightness of each cathode block can be controlled according to current supplied through the data electrode.

Abstract: A method for updating system information in a terminal in which data is transmitted by means of superframes, includes: receiving system information, scheduling periodicity information of the system information and changing information indicating changing status of the system information transmitted by means of a superframe header (SFH) from a base station; and updating the system information based on the changing information, wherein the SFH comprises a primary SFH including the changing information and a secondary SFH including at least one subpacket containing the system information, the scheduling periodicity information indicating a transmission periodicity of the subpacket is transmitted by means of the primary SFH or a predetermined subpacket, and when the terminal detects that a changed system information transmitted by means of the subpacket is not scheduled as indicated in the scheduling periodicity information, the terminal wakes up until the changed system information is received.

Abstract: A method of forming a polycrystalline silicon layer and an atomic layer deposition apparatus used for the same. The method includes forming an amorphous silicon layer on a substrate, exposing the substrate having the amorphous silicon layer to a hydrophilic or hydrophobic gas atmosphere, placing a mask having at least one open and at least one closed portion over the amorphous silicon layer, irradiating UV light toward the amorphous silicon layer and the mask using a UV lamp, depositing a crystallization-inducing metal on the amorphous silicon layer, and annealing the substrate to crystallize the amorphous silicon layer into a polycrystalline silicon layer. This method and apparatus provide for controlling the seed position and grain size in the formation of a polycrystalline silicon layer.

Abstract: A gate driving apparatus includes a first stage which outputs a first gate output signal, and a second stage which outputs a second gate output signal. The first stage includes: a transistor which includes a gate electrode, a source electrode and a drain electrode; and a dummy transistor which includes a dummy gate electrode, a dummy source electrode and a dummy drain electrode. The gate electrode receives the second gate output signal, and the dummy source electrode is connected to the source electrode or the drain electrode of the transistor and prevents static electricity from flowing to the first stage.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a self-standing parallel plate beam splitter, a method for manufacturing the same, and a laser diode package structure using the same. The self-standing parallel plate beam splitter according to the present invention is easy to manufacture and is applicable to various laser diode packages, thereby enabling easy implementation of a laser diode package that is capable of performing bidirectional communication, a laser diode package having a triplexer function, a laser diode package having a wavelength locking function, and a laser diode package having a front side monitoring function to monitor the operation state of a laser diode chip using some of laser light emitted from the front side of the laser diode chip.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel YlMPOl gene which plays an important role in mannosylphosphorylation of an industrial yeast Yarrowia lipolytica, and to a method for preparing a host system capable of producing recombinant glycoproteins free of mannosylphosphate by disruption of the gene. The mannosylphosphorylation is suppressed by the disruption of YlMPOl gene according to the present invention, thereby achieving humanization of glycosylation pathway of Yarrowia lipolytica.

Abstract: Provided are a method and apparatus for displaying electronic program guide (EPG) content for a plurality of channels, wherein the method may include: displaying a main window, wherein the main window includes detailed information for a predetermined program; receiving a user input; and displaying a foreground window over at least a portion of the main window, wherein the foreground window includes a first list including program information for a current program on a predetermined channel and future programs on the predetermined channel and a second list including channel information for other channels in the plurality of channels.

Abstract: Disclosed is a mobile robot and a controlling method of the same. An entire movement region is divided into a plurality of regions, and a partial map is gradually made by using feature points of a plurality of images of the divided regions. Then, the map is compensated into a closed curved line, thereby making an entire map. Furthermore, when the mobile robot is positioned at a boundary of neighboring regions of the cleaning region, the boundary where a closed curved line is formed, the mobile robot compensates for its position based on a matching result between feature points included in the map, and feature points extracted from images captured during a cleaning process.

Abstract: A receiving system that can receive and process 3D images and a data processing method of the same are disclosed. The receiving system includes an image receiving unit and a display unit. The image receiving unit receives a 3-dimensions (3D) image and system information including additional information of the 3D image (i.e., additional 3D image information), generates 3D signaling information based upon the additional 3D image information included in the system information, and transmits the generated 3D signaling information along with the 3D image through a digital interface. And, the display unit receives the 3D signaling information along with the 3D image through the digital interface, formats the 3D image based upon the receiving 3D signaling information, and displays the formatted 3D image.

Abstract: A thin film transistor (TFT) and an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display device. The TFT and the OLED display device include a substrate, a buffer layer disposed on the substrate, a semiconductor layer disposed on the buffer layer, a gate electrode insulated from the semiconductor layer, a gate insulating layer insulating the semiconductor layer from the gate electrode, and source and drain electrodes insulated from the gate electrode and partially connected to the semiconductor layer, wherein the semiconductor layer is formed from a polycrystalline silicon layer crystallized by a metal catalyst and the metal catalyst is removed by gettering using an etchant. In addition, the OLED display device includes an insulating layer disposed on the entire surface of the substrate, a first electrode disposed on the insulating layer and electrically connected to one of the source and drain electrodes, an organic layer, and a second electrode.