Abstract: A Z culling method, a three-dimensional graphics processing method using Z-culling, and an apparatus thereof are provided. The Z-culling method includes the following steps. A Z cache memory is provided to buffer a cover mask and a dynamic maximum depth value corresponding to each tile. A draw mask, a draw maximum depth value, and a draw minimum depth value calculated according to the tile and a drawn part are obtained. Moreover, whether the drawn part is completely included in a known part of the cover mask is judged, and coordinated with a comparison of the draw minimum depth value and the dynamic maximum depth value, so as to determine whether to discard the drawn part and whether to update the cover mask and the dynamic maximum depth value in the Z cache memory. Accordingly, the bandwidth taken up in the system memory is reduced efficiently.

Abstract: Provided are a pressure-sensitive adhesive having excellent durability and reliability under high-temperature or high-humidity conditions, adhesion strength, workability, re-movability, and the ability to inhibit light leakage; a method for preparing the pressure-sensitive adhesive; a polarizer including the pressure-sensitive adhesive; and a liquid crystal display incorporating the polarizer.

Abstract: A method of compensating image data, the method includes generating a compensation data of an image data in accordance with a temperature value by using a compensation data of a previous frame and a compensation data generated through a look-up table which is mapped with corresponding to a compensation data of a previous frame and a set temperature value which is smaller than and closest to the temperature value or which is greater than and closest to the temperature value among set temperature values.

Abstract: A power factor correction circuit may include a boost converter circuit in which a plurality of boost circuits including a boost inductor, a rectifying diode, and a boost switch are connected with each other; and a snubber circuit including a snubber inductor and a snubber switch so as to snubber the boost converter circuit. The snubber inductor may be controlled so as to be turned on before the boost inductor is turned on to apply zero voltage to the boost inductor. It is possible to reduce switching loss occurring when the boost switch is turned on and increase efficiency of an AC-DC power supply apparatus.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a maskless exposure apparatus configured to perform exposure by tilting a beam spot array with respect to a scan direction (Y-axis direction) thus preventing stitching stripes and a stitching method using the same. A step distance, in which exposure dose uniformity in a stitching area is within a tolerance range, is calculated using actual position data of beam spots constituting the beam spot array on an exposure plane, and if necessary, using beam power data and/or beam size data. As exposure is performed based on image data conforming to the step distance, the stitching area has a uniform exposure dose, enabling exposure without stitching stripes.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a hygienic handle assembly and related methods for automatically advancing a clean portion of a protective sleeve over a handle after use of the handle by a person. In one embodiment, an exemplary hygienic handle assembly comprises a pair of first magnetic couplers, each having a passage therethrough, and a handle extending between the pair of first magnetic couplers and having a second magnetic coupler at each of its opposing ends. Each of the second magnetic couplers may be configured to be located within at least a portion of a corresponding first magnetic coupler, wherein magnetic fields of the first magnetic coupler repel magnetic fields of the second magnetic couplers received therein such that each second magnetic coupler is magnetically suspended within the corresponding first magnetic coupler.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for multiplexing reference signals in a predetermined number of Code Division Multiplexing (CDM) groups to balance power across Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols are disclosed. In a wireless communication system, orthogonal sequences used for spreading the reference signals are allocated such that the order of orthogonal sequences allocated to a subcarrier of one CDM group has a predetermined offset with respect to the order of orthogonal sequences allocated to a subcarrier of another CDM group, adjacent to the subcarrier of the one CDM group.

Abstract: Provided are a method of generating a resulting image as if drawn by an artist and an apparatus for executing the method. The apparatus includes a first generation unit configured to generate a vector field expressing a shape of an image using feature pixels of the image captured by an image device and direction information of the feature pixels, a second generation unit configured to generate a structure grid indicating a structure for rendering the shape of the image using the vector field, and a rendering unit configured to render primitives expressing predetermined tones on the generated structure grid. Accordingly, it is possible to automatically and rapidly generate a resulting image from one image. Anyone can easily generate a hedcut from one photo without the limitation that a limited number of artists need to invest a great deal of time to complete one hedcut.

Abstract: A display device including pixels; a leakage current compensator connected to at least one of data lines connected to the pixels; and an integrator connected to the leakage current compensator. The leakage current compensator is configured to store a voltage that corresponds to a leakage current that flows to the at least one data line, and to flow the leakage current to ground from the at least one data line according to a voltage that corresponds to the leakage current. The integrator is configured to receive a pixel current generated by subtracting the leakage current from a measurement current that flows to the at least one data line, and to output a difference value between a pixel voltage that corresponds to the pixel current and a reference voltage.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods for the isolation and purification of antibodies wherein the use of an affinity chromatographic step results in an antibody composition sufficiently pure for pharmaceutical uses. The methods described herein comprise pH viral reduction/inactivation, ultrafiltration/diafiltration, affinity chromatography, preferably Protein A affinity, ion exchange chromatography, and hydrophobic chromatography. Further, the present invention is directed toward pharmaceutical compositions comprising one or more antibodies of the present invention.

Abstract: A hard mask composition includes a solvent and an aromatic ring-containing compound represented by the following Chemical Formula 1:

Abstract: Provided is an injectable drug carrier including a non-toxic Layered Double Hydroxide (LDH) and pharmaceutically acceptable excipients. Provided is also a method of preparing the injectable drug carrier, the method including: synthesizing LDH with various compositions and controlling the size and shape of the LDH at a level that the LDH has no adverse effect in vivo. A solution obtained by dispersing the LDH in a solvent is injected in vivo. According to the method, nano-size LDH that does not affect a blood vessel in vivo can be synthesized. The LDH thus synthesized has no adverse effect in vivo even at a concentration of 400 mg/kg, and thus can contribute to establishment of a drug delivery system capable of improving the delivery efficiency of a specific drug.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pressure-sensitive adhesive composition, and a polarizer and a liquid crystal display (LCD) device using the pressure-sensitive adhesive composition, and more particularly, to a pressure-sensitive adhesive composition including (A) an acrylic copolymer and (B) a liquid optically-anisotropic compound having a mesogen core in its structure. The liquid optically-anisotropic compound having a mesogen core in its structure according to the present invention has superior solubility and compatibility with pressure-sensitive adhesive resin, and thus the pressure-sensitive adhesive composition including the liquid optically-anisotropic compound can relax stress caused by shrinkage of the polarizer and effectively compensate negative birefringence. Therefore, the polarizer and the LCD device using the pressure-sensitive adhesive composition can prevent light leakage originating from stress concentration in spite of long-term use.

Abstract: An access device having a reduced height and capable of suppressing leakage current, a method of fabricating the same, and a semiconductor memory device including the same, are provided. The access device may include a stacked structure including a first-type semiconductor layer having a first dopant, a second-type semiconductor layer having a second dopant, and a third-type semiconductor layer. A first counter-doping layer, having a counter-dopant to the first dopant, is interposed between the first-type semiconductor layer and the third-type semiconductor layer. A second counter-doping layer, having a counter-dopant to the second dopant, is interposed between the third-type semiconductor layer and the second-type semiconductor layer.

Abstract: Described are catheters associated with a hydrogel for release of a molecule of interest. The molecule of interest may be an antibody. Further described are sensors useful for detecting the presence or amount of an analyte, and associated methods. A sensor for use in detecting the presence or amount of an analyte may comprise a catheter having one or more apertures. The sensor may also include means for detecting binding of the analyte to an antibody.

Abstract: An organic light-emitting apparatus including: a substrate; an organic light-emitting device disposed on the substrate and including a first electrode, a second electrode, and an intermediate layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode; and an encapsulation layer provided to cover the organic light-emitting device. The encapsulation layer includes a first inorganic layer including a first fracture point, and a first fracture control layer provided on the first inorganic layer to seal the first fracture point.

Abstract: An apparatus for checking a rear lamp includes a sensor and a controller. The sensor is disposed in at least one rear lamp and configured to obtain a first signal generated from the outside. The controller is configured to turn on the at least one rear lamp according to the first signal.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display panel includes a first substrate including a pixel electrode, a second substrate a second substrate including a common electrode and disposed opposite to the first substrate, and a liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate, where the liquid crystal layer includes liquid crystal molecules having an elastic coefficient of bend phase (K33) and an elastic coefficient of splay phase (K11), and a ratio of the elastic coefficient of bend phase (K33) to the elastic coefficient of splay phase (K11) of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer is in a range of about 0.96 to about 1.25.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems, and kits for loading paintballs into a feed tube of a paintball gun are disclosed. A loader includes a chamber for holding paintballs, a feed mechanism having a rotational feeder within the chamber that feeds paintballs from the chamber along a feed channel when rotating to fill the feed tube, and a drive mechanism that drives the rotational feeder of the feed mechanism, ceases to drive the rotational feeder responsive to stoppage of the rotational feeder, and periodically attempts to rotate the stopped rotational feeder. Paintballs are loaded from a loader into a feed tube of a paintball gun by driving a rotational feeder within the loader, the rotational feeder configured within the loader to feed paintballs into the feed tube when rotating, ceasing to drive the rotational feeder responsive to stoppage of the rotational feeder, and periodically attempting to rotate the stopped rotational feeder.