Abstract: A phase shifter using a Bulk Acoustic Wave Resonators (BAWR) is provided. The phase shifter using a BAWR may use a property of a phase shift with respect to a frequency of the BAWR, and also use at least one capacitor, at least one inductor, and the like.

Abstract: An apparatus for generating gray scale voltage includes a brightness/color coordinate correction unit having a gamma table including data corresponding to an image displayed on a pixel unit of an OLED device at a first brightness level, and a gamma reference voltage look-up table including voltage values of red, green, and blue data corresponding to each gray scale and brightness values at the first brightness level in accordance with the gamma table, a gamma control signal output unit configured to output a gamma reference voltage control signal corresponding to a second brightness level in accordance with the gamma table and the gamma reference voltage look-up table, and a gamma correction circuit configured to receive the gamma reference voltage control signal, to generate gray scale voltages corresponding to the second brightness level, and to output the generated gray scale voltages to a data driver.

Abstract: A fuel cell hybrid system extends a cycle-life of a rechargeable battery by charging the rechargeable battery with voltage lower than the maximum charging voltage of the rechargeable battery by a predetermined level.

Abstract: A refrigerator is disclosed. The refrigerator may have a door opening device which is connected at an external surface of a main body, and includes a pushing unit operated by a driving unit to open a refrigerator door by pushing one side of the refrigerator door. Also, a buffering member may be provided between the door opening device and the external surface of the main body. Accordingly, the reliability of the refrigerator is improved.

Abstract: A phase shifter using a Bulk Acoustic Wave Resonators (BAWR) is provided. The phase shifter using a BAWR may use a property of a phase shift with respect to a frequency of the BAWR, and also use at least one capacitor, at least one inductor, and the like.

Abstract: A fuel cell system for supplying power to a load includes: a plurality of fuel cell stacks; a plurality of DC/DC converters coupled to the plurality of fuel cell stacks; and a stack controller for estimating performance of the respective fuel cell stacks according to current amounts of the plurality of fuel cell stacks, and for controlling power converting efficiency of the respective DC/DC converters according to the performance of the fuel cell stacks to control output power generated by the fuel cell stacks.

Abstract: A fuel cell system is disclosed. The fuel cell system may include a fuel cell stack configured for generating electrical energy by a reaction of an oxidant and a fuel, a recovery unit including a first gas liquid separator configured for separating a by-product discharged by the fuel cell stack into a first gas and a first liquid, a first heat exchanger configured for cooling the first gas supplied by the first gas liquid separator, and a second gas liquid separator configured for separating a by-product supplied by the first heat exchanger into a second gas and a second liquid, and a remover unit fluidly connected to the second gas liquid separator and configured for removing the second gas from the recovery unit.

Abstract: A bulk acoustic wave resonator (BAWR) includes a bulk acoustic resonance unit and at least one compensation layer. The bulk acoustic resonance unit includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and a piezoelectric layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode. The first electrode, the second electrode, and the piezoelectric layer each include a material that modifies a resonance frequency based on a temperature, and the at least one compensation layer includes a material that adjusts the resonance frequency modified based on the temperature in a direction opposite to a direction of the modification.

Abstract: There are provided a current balance circuit having a protection function that prevents the current balance circuit from being damaged during a preset time period by maintaining a constant level of power being supplied to the lamp, and a power supply. The current balance circuit having the protection function includes a current balance unit maintaining current balance of lamp driving power supplied to a lamp unit including a plurality of lamps, and a protection unit detecting the lamp driving power supplied to the lamp unit from the current balance unit, cutting-off the lamp driving power after a preset time period when the lamp operates abnormally, and controlling a voltage level of the lamp driving power to a preset reference voltage level or lower during the preset time period.

Abstract: A computational method is provided for predicting roadway failure due to degradation of the roadway over time as a function of the input loads, the roadway geometry, the material properties of the constitutents in the asphaltic pavement, the shape, distribution, orientation and volume fractions of the constituents, and environmental conditions. The unique and new feature of the method is that it employs several physically based predictive methodologies simultaneously.

Abstract: A fuel cell system and a method for controlling the same corrects concentration sensing values by estimating temperature according to the load amount of a stack. A control method of a fuel cell system including the steps of: measuring the load amount of loads supplied with power from a stack; estimating temperatures at the area where a concentration sensor is installed from the load amount values; producing the corrected concentrations by correcting the concentration sensing values according to the estimated temperatures; and controlling the drive of the fuel cell system according to the corrected concentrations.

Abstract: Provided are low pass filters using a bulk acoustic wave resonator (BAWR). A low pass filter may include an input terminal configured to be connected with a first radio frequency (RF) device, an output terminal configured to be connected with a second RF device, a parallel segment including a first BAWR, a third BAWR, and a fifth BAWR that may be connected in parallel with each other to a reference potential, a first series segment having a second BAWR and a first inductor, and a second series segment having a fourth BAWR and a second inductor, and connected in series with the first series segment.

Abstract: A lamp driving circuit includes a first printed circuit board and a second printed circuit board. The first printed circuit board includes a switching unit for switching an input power source, a control unit for controlling the switching unit, an inverter transformer connected to the switching unit, and a voltage conversion unit for converting a feedback reference current for controlling an output current applied from the inverter transformer into a reference voltage and applying the reference voltage to the control unit. The voltage conversion unit is connected to the inverter transformer and the control unit. The voltage conversion unit is connected to a first feedback terminal. The second printed circuit board includes a plurality of balance coils connected to a plurality of lamps so that the same output currents are applied to the lamps, a second feedback terminal connected to the first feedback terminal, and a current conversion unit connected to the second feedback terminal.

Abstract: An antenna apparatus of a portable terminal and method for implementing characteristics of the antenna apparatus of the portable terminal are disclosed. The antenna apparatus includes a circuit board including a power feeder and a ground, a radiation unit, a power feeder connecting unit for electrically connecting the power feeder to the radiation unit and for feeding electric power to the radiation unit, and a ground connecting unit including at least two paths which have different lengths for electrically connecting the ground to and disconnecting the ground from the radiation unit selectively.

Abstract: A method for controlling a peripheral system (or a plurality of peripheral devices) and a fuel cell system using the same. The method includes: allocating an operation priority to the peripheral devices; storing information of the operation priority; and sequentially operating the peripheral devices by using electric energy stored in a small capacity electricity storage device according to the operation priority. The fuel cell system includes: the plurality of peripheral devices; an electricity storage device electrically connected with the peripheral devices; and a controller for sequentially operating the peripheral devices by using electric energy stored in the electricity storage device according to an operation priority.

Abstract: A bulk acoustic wave resonator (BAWR) sensor is provided. The BAWR sensor includes a signal BAWR that measures a resonance frequency that is modified due to a reaction with a target material, a reference BAWR that measures a reference resonance frequency without reaction with an external environment, and a sensing unit that senses the target material, based on the modified resonance frequency and the reference resonance frequency.

Abstract: Provided is a structure and disposing method of a radio frequency (RF) layered module using three dimensional (3D) vertical wiring. A first wafer in the RF layered module having the 3D vertical wiring may include a first RF device and at least one first via- hole. A second wafer may include a second RF device and at least one second via-hole disposed at a location corresponding to the at least one first via-hole. A vertical wiring may connect the at least one first via-hole and the at least one second via-hole. The vertical wiring may be configured to be connected to an external device through a bottom surface of the at least one first via-hole or a top surface of the at least one second via-hole.

Abstract: There is provided a boost converter capable of reducing voltage stress within each element thereof, without using a separate loss snubber circuit, by clamping a voltage applied to an output diode to correspond to a difference between an input voltage and an output voltage. The boost converter includes a transformer including a primary winding receiving an input power and a secondary winding electromagnetically coupled to the primary winding and having a preset turn ratio therewith; a switching unit switching the input power transferred to the primary winding on and off according to a preset duty ratio; a stabilizing unit including an output diode rectifying the power outputted from the secondary winding to stabilize an output power; and a clamping unit clamping a voltage applied to the output diode to correspond to a difference between the input power and the output power during a switching on operation of the switching unit.

Abstract: A Bulk Acoustic Wave Resonator (BAWR), a method of manufacturing of the BAWR, and duplexer including the BAWR are provided. The BAWR may include a first substrate including a via hole formed in a predetermined area of a bottom surface of the first substrate. A first air cavity may be formed above the first substrate, and a first lamination resonating portion may be laminated above the first air cavity in sequence of a lower electrode, a piezoelectric layer, and an upper electrode. A second air cavity may be formed above the first substrate, and a second lamination resonating portion may be laminated above the second air cavity in sequence of the lower electrode, the piezoelectric layer, and the upper electrode. The first lamination resonating portion and the second lamination resonating portion may be connected via either the lower electrode or the upper electrode.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a light emitting device (LED) driving apparatus that constantly maintains the average current flowing onto a plurality of channels. The light emitting device (LED) driving apparatus includes: a LED light source unit in which at least one LED channel is connected in parallel; at least one current detector that is disposed on a low end of a LED channel of the LED light source unit to detect the current flowing onto respective LED channels; at least one channel current controller that generates control signal controlling the average current of the channels by comparing current detected from the channels with reference wave; and a switching element that controls the average current of the LED channels in a PWM scheme according to the control signals.