Abstract: A lens has a refractive index of n, and includes a base, a first curved circumferential surface extending from the base, a curved center-edge surface extending from the first curved circumferential surface, and a curved centermost surface extending from the curved center-edge surface. The base includes a groove for receiving a light emitting chip. A distance from a center of the base to a point of the curved center-edge surface is shorter than the radius of curvature for the point of the curved center-edge surface. The curved centermost surface has a concave shape with respect to the base. The lens satisfies A1+A2<90+sin?1(1/n), where A1 an obtuse angle between a main axis and a tangent line of the curved centermost surface, and A2 is an acute angle between a straight line linking the center of the base to the point of the curved centermost surface and the main axis.

Abstract: A light guide for converting a dot light source or a linear light source into a planar light source, and the light guide includes a light emitting surface and a reflection surface facing the light emitting surface and having a plurality of reflection patterns, wherein a width of the reflection patterns is less than 10 ?m.

Abstract: An initial configuration method of an apparatus and an apparatus of an initial configuration function are provided. The initial configuration method of the apparatus includes performing a setting for connecting to a network based on information provided from a terminal in which a communication channel with the apparatus is formed; and connecting the apparatus to the network and performing a process of registering the apparatus to a management server connected to the network. Accordingly, the initial configuration of the apparatus may be performed without user intervention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an environmental load assessment system, which is capable of efficiently and simply assessing an environmental load of a building in all stages (e.g., a planning stage, a design stage, a construction stage, and a use stage after construction) in doing executing a business by subdividing an assessment process, such as simple assessment in the design stage, detailed assessment in the start stage, and site assessment in the construction stage according to the progress of a construction project.

Abstract: Provided in a fuel additive for heavy oil, made using a composition comprising: an oil-soluble metallic compound containing any one metal selected from calcium, barium, manganese, and iron; alcohol; hydrotreated light distillate; paraffin (kerosene); mineral oil; and a nonionic surfactant. The fuel additive for heavy oil, when added in a small amount to a heavy oil, can lower the kinematic viscosity and the flash point of the heavy oil, minimize the occurrence of a residual carbon fraction, dust, a sulfur fraction, or the like, increase the caloric value of the heavy oil, and improve the combustion efficiency during the combustion of the heavy oil.

Abstract: A lens for a light emitting diode is formed with a material having a refractive index of n, and the lens includes a base, a first curved circumferential surface extending from the base, a curved center-edge surface extending from the first curved circumferential surface, and a curved centermost surface extending from the curved center-edge surface. The base includes a groove for receiving a light emitting chip therein. In the lens, a distance from a center of the base to a point of the curved center-edge surface is always shorter than the radius of curvature for the point of the curved center-edge surface. The curved centermost surface has a concave shape with respect to the base.

Abstract: The present invention provides an optical film composite that includes a linear, reflective polarizing film; a first polymeric substrate layer having birefringence, which is placed on the reflective polarizing film; and a second polymeric substrate layer placed beneath the reflective polarizing film, wherein the optical axis of the first polymeric substrate layer is oriented with respect to the transmission axis of the reflective polarizing film to have of 0° to 25° of an angular difference between the axes. The optical film composite can be employed in LCD devices to improve optical performance.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display that includes a plurality of pixels configured to display four colors, and a color gamut mapping unit configured to convert three color input image signals into four color image signals, wherein when the three color input image signals include yellow, the color gamut mapping unit converts the three color input image signals based on a hue shift of the yellow.

Abstract: Provided are a conductive paint composition and a method for manufacturing a conductive film using the same. The conductive paint composition of the present invention includes: a dispersant made of a block copolymer consisting of a hydrophilic polymer unit and a hydrophobic polymer unit; a conductive material made of a surface-modified carbon compound; a polymer binder: and a medium containing water, an organic solvent, or a mixture thereof. The conductive paint composition is coated and cured on the substrate to form the conductive film, thereby controlling a surface structure of the substrate, and thus, imparting uniform antistatic function, electrostatic dissipation (ESD), conductivity, electromagnetic interference shield function to the substrate.

Abstract: A method of driving a light source includes converting a reference luminance value of the light source to a first just noticeable difference (JND) value. The JND value represents a minimum noticeable difference between two stimuli. A target luminance value lower than the reference luminance value is determined using the first JND value. A first driving signal applied to the light source is generated using the target luminance value so that a user may not notice a luminance change when a luminance value of a light source is decreased in order to decrease power consumption of a display apparatus.

Abstract: Provided is a heat-dissipating paint composition using a carbon material, the heat-dissipating paint composition including a dispersion solution containing a surface treated carbon material, a heat resistance additive, and an adhesion improving emulsion, so that the heat-dissipating paint composition can have excellent heat dissipation performance and can be applied to various industrial field requiring temperature control.

Abstract: A transparent display device includes a liquid crystal display (LCD) module and a transparent reflector. The LCD module includes an LCD panel having a liquid crystal layer, a light source providing light to the LCD panel, and a polarizing plate disposed between the light source and the LCD panel to polarize light from the light source. The transparent reflector and the LCD module are spaced apart. The transparent reflector displays the image by reflecting the image provided from the LCD panel. The transparency of the transparent reflector may be controlled, and the transparent reflector may have a curved shape.

Abstract: A system and method for providing a multimedia tone/announcement over circuit switched wireless networks are provided. The system and method enable processing of a multiple call leg function based on H.324M over a circuit switched wireless network by relaying an end-to-end H.324M initialization over the circuit switched wireless network. Therefore, a variety of multimedia services (for example, multimedia RBT/announcement service, video conferencing, etc.) together with video phone service based on H.324M in the circuit switched wireless network can be provided, which may be conducive to popularization of video phone service and realization of profits based on the provision of a variety of additional multimedia services.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an environmental load assessment system, which is capable of efficiently and simply assessing an environmental load of a building in all stages (e.g., a planning stage, a design stage, a construction stage, and a use stage after construction) in doing executing a business by subdividing an assessment process, such as simple assessment in the design stage, detailed assessment in the start stage, and site assessment in the construction stage according to the progress of a construction project.

Abstract: Provided is a method of controlling a monitoring camera that performs panning, tilting, and zooming, the method including: generating a panoramic image file by controlling the monitoring camera to perform panning and tilting; and performing a setting operation in a user setting mode while displaying a panoramic image of the panoramic image file.

Abstract: The ?-ketoimine ligand is represented by the following formula 1: wherein R1 and R2 are each independently a C1-C5 alkyl group. A metal complex compound includes the ?-ketoimine ligand. A method of forming the ?-ketoimine ligand and a method of forming a thin film using the metal complex compound including ?-ketoimine ligand are provided.

Abstract: A system and method for transaction of sensory information are provided. A sensory effect extraction apparatus of the system includes a sensory effect extraction unit to extract a sensory effect from an image content in accordance with a sensory effect extraction signal, and a sensory information transmission unit to transmit sensory information based on the extracted sensory effect.

Abstract: A multi-channel media access control (MAC) method for Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) devices with single radio interface is provided. The method includes starting a channel coordination window (CCW) that is repeated with a period P, allocating an arbitrary WLAN device pair on a common channel to a destination channel by using a channel utilization vector that indicates whether each of N channels is occupied or available during CCW, and switching the arbitrary WLAN device pair to the destination channel.

Abstract: The present design relates to an advantageous and useful sheet which contains rice bran and to a gift-set tray made with the same, wherein the sheet comprises: a substrate layer (10); and a rice-bran-containing layer (20) formed on at least one surface of the substrate layer (10), wherein the rice-bran-containing layer (20) consists of a rice-bran-containing composition comprising a synthetic resin and rice bran as well as an inorganic filler and an additive, such that the use of rice bran and inorganic filler provide a rice-bran foaming effect during extrusion of the sheets for gift-set trays, which makes it possible to reduce the synthetic resin content and prevent depletion of petroleum resources and reduce environmental pollution, while lowering production costs by addition of the rice bran, and provide unique texture and aroma which are not possible with synthetic resins, and the use of the rice bran sheets provides environmentally friendly gift-set trays.

Abstract: An InSb-based switching device, which operates at room temperature by using a magnetic field controlled avalanche process for applying to magneto-logic elements, is provided. A switching device of one embodiment includes a p-type semiconductor layer; an n-type semiconductor layer; and contact layers disposed on one of the p-type and n-type semiconductor layers, the p-type semiconductor layer being in contact with the n-type semiconductor layer such that a current can be applied through the contact layers to the p-type and n-type semiconductor layers to cause a current flow from one of the contact layers to the p-type and n-type semiconductor layers and from the p-type and n-type semiconductor layers to the other of the contact layers, whereby the current flow can be controlled by an intensity of a magnetic field applied to the p-type and n-type semiconductor layers substantially perpendicularly thereto.