Abstract: A quantum direct communication with user authentication and an apparatus using the same. The quantum direct communication method includes performing verification of security of a quantum channel using a preset channel verification probability and a quantum state source generated by a receiver of quantum direct communication, performing user authentication using one or more of a preset user authentication probability, the quantum state source, and an authentication key shared between the receiver and a sender, stopping quantum direct communication and resetting the quantum channel when the verification of security of the quantum channel fails, and stopping quantum direct communication when the user authentication fails.

Abstract: An oriented electrical steel sheet includes Ba at about 0.005 wt % to about 0.5 wt % inclusive, Y at about 0.005 wt % to about 0.5 wt % inclusive, or a composite of Ba and Y at about 0.005 wt % to about 0.5 wt % inclusive, the remainder including Fe and impurities, based on 100 wt % of a total composition of a base steel sheet thereof.

Abstract: A poly(imide-amide) copolymer or its precursor includes two ends and a main chain located between the two ends, and includes a group represented by Chemical Formula 1 at one end, and a structural unit represented by Chemical Formula 7, and at least one of a structural unit represented by Chemical Formula 2 or a structural unit represented by Chemical Formula 3 in the main chain: wherein, in Chemical Formulae 1, 2, 3, and 7, R1 and Ar1 to Ar4 are the same as defined in the detailed description.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods for transmitting and receiving signals in a mobile communication system are provided. A method for transmitting a signal by an evolved Node B (eNB) in a mobile communication system includes transmitting a same control channel signal to each of a plurality of Radio Units (RUs), and transmitting a different data channel signal to each of the plurality of RUs. A data channel signal transmitted to each of the plurality of RUs may be determined taking into account at least one of a location of a User Equipment (UE) that will receive the data channel signal, and load balancing.

Abstract: A method of preparing a conjugated diene-based polymer is provided. The method includes: adding a conjugated diene-based monomer, a catalyst, and a solvent to parallel polymerization reactors, performing a polymerization reaction to prepare a first polymer solution including a first conjugated diene-based polymer; and adding the first polymer solution to a polymerization reactor connected in series to the parallel polymerization reactors, performing the polymerization reaction to prepare a second polymer solution including a second conjugated diene-based polymer. After the polymerization reaction in the series polymerization reactor, gas produced by polymerization heat is condensed in the series polymerization reactor and refluxed to the parallel polymerization reactors, and a reaction temperature of the series polymerization reactor is maintained to be lower than a reaction temperature of the parallel polymerization reactors by 10° C. or more.

Abstract: A variable resistance semiconductor device includes a lower conductive wiring; a bottom electrode over the lower conductive wiring; a selection element pattern over the bottom electrode; a first intermediate electrode over the selection element pattern; a second intermediate electrode over the first intermediate electrode; a variable resistance element pattern over the second intermediate electrode; a top electrode over the variable resistance element pattern; and an upper conductive wiring over the top electrode. The first intermediate electrode includes a first material. The second intermediate electrode includes a second material which has a better oxidation resistance and a higher work function than the first material.

Abstract: An open channel solid state drive includes a flash memory including a first block and a controller which controls the flash memory, the controller receiving write data and a physical address of the first block from a host and attempting a write of the data in the first block. The controller generates first data which is not written in the first block among the write data when a power-off occurs during writing attempt. The write data includes the first data and second data already written in the first block. The controller determines whether successive writing of the first data in the first block is possible or impossible. If the successive writing is possible, the controller successively writes the data in the first block. If the successive writing is impossible, the host or the controller writes the first data and the second data in a second block of the flash memory.

Abstract: A storage device includes a non-volatile memory including a plurality of memory blocks. The storage device performs an alignment operation in response to receipt of an align command. The alignment operation converts a received logical address of a logical segment into a physical address and allocates the physical address to a physical block address corresponding to a free block. The storage device is further configured to performs a garbage collection in units of the physical block address that indicates one memory block.

Abstract: A method for forming a semiconductor device is disclosed. The method for forming the semiconductor device includes forming a first sacrificial film over a target layer to be etched, forming a first partition mask over the first sacrificial film, forming a first sacrificial film pattern by etching the first sacrificial film using the first partition mask, forming a first spacer at a sidewall of the first sacrificial film pattern, and forming a first spacer pattern by removing the first sacrificial film pattern. The first partition mask includes a plurality of first line-shaped space patterns extending in a first direction. A width of at least one space pattern located at both edges from among the plurality of first space patterns is smaller than a width of each of other space patterns.

Abstract: A heterocyclic derivative represented by formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof, which has an inhibitory effect on the activation of STAT3 protein, and is useful for the prevention or treatment of diseases associated with the activation of STAT3 protein.

Abstract: Provided is a cable device including an optical cable capable of power transmission and a connector coupled with the optical cable, and having improved electromagnetic shielding performance. The cable device includes a cable; and a connector coupled to the cable, wherein the connector includes a printed circuit board (PCB) including a ground electrode, a shield case provided to accommodate the PCB and include a first face facing a mounting surface of the PCB and a second face perpendicular to the first face, and an elastic member arranged between the PCB and the shield case and provided to contact the ground electrode and the second face of the shield case so as to ground the shield case.

Abstract: Provided is a cable device including an optical cable capable of power transmission and a connector coupled with the optical cable, and having improved electromagnetic shielding performance. The cable device includes a cable; and a connector coupled to the cable, wherein the connector includes a printed circuit board (PCB) including a ground electrode, a shield case provided to accommodate the PCB and include a first face facing a mounting surface of the PCB and a second face perpendicular to the first face, and an elastic member arranged between the PCB and the shield case and provided to contact the ground electrode and the second face of the shield case so as to ground the shield case.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for multi-user quantum key distribution. The method for multi-user quantum key distribution is performed using a multi-user quantum key distribution apparatus and a quantum key client device, and includes generating, by the multi-user quantum key distribution apparatus, transmission qubit pairs based on a key bit string of a shared key to be distributed to the quantum key client device, measuring, by the quantum key client device, the transmission qubit pairs, received from the multi-user quantum key distribution apparatus through a quantum channel, based on a measurement basis, verifying security of the quantum channel using the transmission qubit pairs, and if the security has been verified, decoding qubit measurement values of the transmission qubit pairs into the shared key.

Abstract: A heterocyclic derivative represented by formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof, which has an inhibitory effect on the activation of STAT3 protein, and is useful for the prevention or treatment of diseases associated with the activation of STAT3 protein.

Abstract: A solid state drive including: a plurality of non-volatile memories, each of the non-volatile memories including a channel, the channel including at least one way connected to a die; a host interface which receives stream data and stream information from a host; and a resource allocator which allocates the stream data to super blocks of the plurality of non-volatile memories on the basis of the stream information, wherein a first super block includes a first unit super block, and the first unit super block includes a block of a first die corresponding to a first channel and connected to a plurality of ways included in the first channel.

Abstract: A panel bottom assembly includes a light-blocker with first concave patterns formed on a top surface thereof. A vibration acoustic device is disposed below, and coupled to, the light-blocker. A buffer is disposed below the light-blocker. A bonding is disposed between the light-blocker and the vibration acoustic device. The bonding has second concave patterns formed on a top surface thereof. The second concave patterns are different from the first concave patterns.

Abstract: A method of preparing a conjugated diene-based polymer is provided including: a step of polymerizing a first conjugated diene-based monomer in solution in a first polymerization reactor to prepare a first polymer solution including a first conjugated diene-based polymer; a step of polymerizing a second conjugated diene-based monomer in solution in a second polymerization reactor to prepare a second polymer solution including a second conjugated diene-based polymer; a step of supplying a first fluid separated from the first polymer solution to a first purification unit and purifying the first fluid; and a step of supplying a second fluid separated from the second polymer solution to a second purification unit and purifying the second fluid. An apparatus for preparing a conjugated diene-based polymer is also provided.

Abstract: Disclosed are a near-infrared absorbing composition, an optical structure, and a camera module and an electronic device including the same. The near-infrared absorbing composition includes a copper complex represented by Chemical Formula 1. (L1)-Cu-(L2)n ??[Chemical Formula 1] Definitions of Chemical Formula 1 are described in the detailed description.

Abstract: A hinge supporting apparatus is provided, which includes a connection member configured to hinge-connect a door to a main body, a cam member configured to vary an installation position of the connection member in order to control a gap between the main body and the door, and a fixing member configured to fix the connection member to the main body.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an implant for implantation into a human body, includes preparing a mold having an inner space part so as to have an inner shape corresponding to a defective portion in a human body; injecting silicone foam into the space part of the mold; curing the silicone foam while applying pressure to same; and removing the mold.