Abstract: An apparatus for determining connection of a trailer includes: a voltage applying unit configured to apply a test voltage to a lamp, provided in a trailer, through a driving voltage supply line according to a lamp check signal, the driving voltage supply line being a line through which a driving voltage is supplied from a vehicle to the lamp; and a control unit configured to determine whether the vehicle and the trailer are connected to each other, based on a voltage applied to a connection detection resistor, provided in the voltage applying unit, by the applied test voltage. A magnitude of current, flowing to the lamp when the test voltage is applied, is smaller than a magnitude of current flowing to the lamp when the driving voltage is applied.

Abstract: A jamming radio signal is selectively outputted based on an access signal. The jamming radio signal is configured to prevent an interrogation signal of a vehicle to complete an authentication of a vehicle key of the vehicle.

Abstract: A jamming radio signal is selectively outputted based on an access signal. The jamming radio signal is configured to prevent an interrogation signal of a vehicle to complete an authentication of a vehicle key of the vehicle.

Abstract: A jamming radio signal is outputted to interfere with an interrogation signal emitted by a vehicle for verifying a tag of a vehicle key that provides access to the vehicle. An access signal including access data is received. The output of the jamming radio signal is halted, at least temporarily, when the access data matches an access code so that the tag of the vehicle key can be authenticated.

Abstract: The present invention provides a new group of protein kinase inhibitors, aminopyrimidine derivatives, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof that are useful for treating cell proliferative disease and disorder such as cancer and immune disease. The present invention provides methods for synthesizing and administering the protein kinase inhibitor compounds. The present invention also provides pharmaceutical formulations comprising at least one of the protein kinase inhibitor compounds together with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, diluent or excipient therefore. The invention also provides useful intermediates generated during the syntheses of the aminopyrimidine derivatives.

Abstract: The present invention provides a new group of protein kinase inhibitors, aminopyrimidine derivatives, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof that are useful for treating cell proliferative disease and disorder such as cancer and immune disease. The present invention provides methods for synthesizing and administering the protein kinase inhibitor compounds. The present invention also provides pharmaceutical formulations comprising at least one of the protein kinase inhibitor compounds together with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, diluent or excipient therefore. The invention also provides useful intermediates generated during the syntheses of the aminopyrimidine derivatives.

Abstract: Compounds of Formula (I) and methods for inhibiting kinases, including spleen tyrosine kinases, are disclosed. Also disclosed are methods for treating a kinase-mediated disease or condition by administering to a subject a therapeutically effective amount of the compound of Formula (I).

Abstract: Compounds of Formula (I) and methods for inhibiting kinases, including spleen tyrosine kinases, are disclosed. Also disclosed are methods for treating a kinase-mediated disease or condition by administering to a subject a therapeutically effective amount of the compound of Formula (I).

Abstract: Compounds of Formula (I) and methods for inhibiting kinases, including spleen tyrosine kinases, are disclosed. Also disclosed are methods for treating a kinase-mediated disease or condition by administering to a subject a therapeutically effective amount of the compound of Formula (I).

Abstract: Compounds of Formula (I) and methods for inhibiting kinases, including spleen tyrosine kinases, are disclosed. Also disclosed are methods for treating a kinase-mediated disease or condition by administering to a subject a therapeutically effective amount of the compound of Formula (I).

Abstract: Compounds of Formula (I) and methods for inhibiting kinases, including spleen tyrosine kinases, are disclosed. Also disclosed are methods for treating a kinase-mediated disease or condition by administering to a subject a therapeutically effective amount of the compound of Formula (I).

Abstract: A plasma display panel and a method for manufacturing the same ate provided. The plasma display panel includes a first substrate, a second substrate, and a drive device. The first substrate includes at least one address electrode, a dielectric layer, phosphors, and at least one barrier rib. The second substrate may be bonded to the first substrate with the at least one barrier ribs between the first and second substrates. The second substrate includes at least one pair of sustain electrodes, a dielectric layer, and a protective layer including a single crystal magnesium oxide nano powder. The drive device provides at least one of a ramp-up or a ramp-down waveform, wherein at least one of (1) the ramp-up waveform has a different peak voltage based on the temperature of the plasma display panel or (2) the ramp-down waveform has a different lowest voltage based on the temperature of the plasma display panel.

Abstract: An-optical scanning apparatus includes a light source for emitting light, a deflector, rotated by a motor, for reflecting the light emitted from the light source, and a scanning lens for receiving the light reflected by the deflector and forming an appropriate light spot according to a scanning line on a photosensitive medium. The ratio between the thickness Tc of the scanning lens at the center thereof and the thickness Ts at the edge thereof satisfies the following equation, (TC/TS)≦1.5. Thus, the optical surface which is a free curved surface can be accurately controlled. Also, since the influence by birefringence and internal stress can be minimized, the competitiveness of a product in the cost is improved. Furthermore, since the structure of the scanning lens is less affected by the change in the external environment such as heat characteristic, humidity and temperature, performance of a product is improved.