Abstract: The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating TRPV1 activity-related or inflammation-related, diseases or conditions, containing a Maillard peptide separated from well-aged traditional soy sauce as an active ingredient. The Maillard peptide according to the present invention functions both as a TRPV1 agonist and a TRPV1 antagonist, and thus functions as a TRPV1 activity modulator. Therefore, the present Maillard peptide can be used as a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating TRPV1 activity-related diseases such as pain, neurological diseases, urgent defecation, inflammatory bowel disease, respiratory diseases, urinary incontinence, overactive bladder, neurogenic/allergic/inflammatory skin diseases, skin, eye or mucosal irritation, hyperacusis, tinnitus, vestibular hypersensitivity, heart disease, etc.

Abstract: A multimode mobile terminal and communication method thereof are discussed, by which communication is enabled using various networks. The method according to an embodiment includes a display unit configured to display a plurality of currently available networks detected by the terminal, each network being a different network type, a user input unit configured to generate a selection signal for a specific network of the plurality of currently available networks in response to a user input, a controller operatively connected to the display unit and user input unit and configured to control communication carried out via the specific network selected via the user input unit, and a wireless communication unit operatively connected to the controller and configured to carry out the communication via the specific network.

Abstract: Provided is a backlight unit of a liquid crystal display (LCD). The backlight unit includes: a plurality of light guide plates (LGPs) arranged in M layers and separated from each other by a predetermined gap, wherein M is a natural number equal to or greater than two, a light source unit disposed on at least one side surface of each of the LGPs and including N light source blocks whose brightnesses are controlled individually, and wherein N is a natural number equal to or greater than two. The backlight unit further includes a plurality of light output regions defined by each of the LGPs being divided into a plurality of regions according to a distance from the light source unit and by a plurality of light output patterns being formed in some of the regions, and wherein the light output regions do not overlap each other in a stacking direction of the LGPs and are arranged to correspond to a whole surface of the LGPs.

Abstract: A first path control management system of a first domain calculates a path in the first domain and transmits information of a connection node in the first domain to connect to a second domain to a second path control management system of the second domain. The second path control management system of the second domain calculates a path in the second domain and transmits a connection node of the second domain to connect to the first domain to the first path control management system. The first path control management system of the first domain and the second path control management system of the second domain receive information of connection nodes of the second domain and the first domain, respectively, thereby connecting a path between the first domain and the second domain.

Abstract: An apparatus and method install an application in a digital device. An apparatus for providing a connection program to a desired peripheral device in a digital device includes a communication unit for receiving system information from a peripheral device and transmitting a connection program list, a program detecting unit for analyzing the received system information and creating the connection program list executable in the peripheral device, and a control unit for transmitting the created connection program list to the peripheral device.

Abstract: There are provided a method and an apparatus for generating a current command value for tracking the maximum power point of a solar energy generating system. The apparatus includes: a voltage detector detecting a voltage input into the flyback power converter; a first calculator calculating an output power from the detected input voltage; a second calculator calculating a power variation based on the calculated output power and a voltage variation of the input voltage; and a current command value generator generating a current command value for tracking the maximum power point of the solar cell module from the calculated voltage variation and the calculated power variation. Accordingly, a current command value after calculating an output power may be generated with only a voltage detector, without a current detector, thereby reducing the costs of a solar energy generating system by decreasing the costs for a high-priced current detector, and simplifying circuit.

Abstract: A general multiprotocol label switching (GMPLS) network-based inter-domain interface apparatus and apparatus are provided. The GMPLS network-based inter-domain interface apparatus is installed in an edge node of a GMPLS network-based inter-domain, forms a session between edge nodes of the inter-domains, and allows the edge nodes to exchange a routing protocol message. Accordingly, link state information and routing information can be automatically exchanged in real time between inter-domains.

Abstract: An open wireless access network apparatus includes an Internet protocol (IP) resource management unit to allocate IPs, respectively, to a plurality of provider servers and open wireless access points (APs), and map the IP of each provider server to the IP of each open wireless AP; a subscriber movement management unit to provide a second wireless AP with an IP that has been allocated to a first wireless AP when a mobile device changes from one area in which the mobile device has a signal delivered from the first wireless AP to another area in which the mobile device has a signal delivered from the second wireless AP; and a wireless AP connection control unit to allow the mobile device to be connected to the second wireless AP through the allocated IP.

Abstract: The present invention provides a switching device and a method for preventing malfunction of the same. The switching device includes: a controller for outputting a plurality of digital control signals; a protecting unit connected to the controller for protecting all signals when the plurality of digital control signals outputted from the controller are simultaneously received at a state of ON; a gate driver connected to the protecting unit for generating a switch control signal by converting the control signal passed through the protecting unit; and a plurality of switches connected to the gate driver for individually performing ON•OFF operations according to each of the switching control signals.

Abstract: In order to improve durability, a display apparatus includes a substrate; an encapsulation substrate facing the substrate; a display unit disposed between the substrate and the encapsulation substrate; a sealing unit disposed between the substrate and the encapsulation substrate so as to bond the substrate and the encapsulation substrate and spaced from the display unit; and a protective member formed over at least one surface among surfaces of the substrate and the encapsulation substrate, except surfaces facing the display unit. The protective member includes a base, a plurality of capsules comprising monomers, and a catalyst inducing polymerization of the monomers.

Abstract: A network power management apparatus and method. The network power management apparatus includes a protocol management unit configured to be connected to a local communication apparatus and establish and manage a path between the local communication apparatus and neighboring communication apparatuses in the same network.

Abstract: Provided are a method of controlling distribution of electric power using hierarchical identifiers in a smart grid and an apparatus therefor. The apparatus may include a first extractor configured to extract a production node capable of accepting a power request with reference to at least one demand node using hierarchical identifiers of the production node and the demand node when the power request is received from the demand node, the demand node being connected to a plurality of layers via distribution nodes; a second extractor configured to extract distribution nodes on distribution routes from the production node to the demand node using the hierarchical identifier of the demand node and the hierarchical to identifier of the production node; and a controller configured to control the distribution nodes on the distribution routes from the production node to the demand node using hierarchical identifiers of the distribution nodes.

Abstract: A router apparatus using power saving routing information and a routing method of the router apparatus are provided. The router apparatus using the power saving routing information may include an information generating unit to receive, from a neighboring router, state information about the neighboring router, and to generate a plurality of pieces of routing information based on the received state information, and a processor to select routing information corresponding to an operating request from the plurality of pieces of routing information, in relation to the operating request, and to use the selected routing information when transmitting traffic.

Abstract: A stereoscopic image display device and a driving method thereof are disclosed. According to one aspect, the device includes a scan driver and a data driver configured to transmit scan signals and data signals to scan lines and data lines respectively, a light emission driver configured to transmit light emission control signals to light emission control lines, and a display unit divided into pixel areas including pixel lines. A controller is configured to control the drivers, generate a left-eye and right-eye image data signals, and supply the generated signals to the data driver. The light emission driver includes light emitting circuits configured to sequentially transmit light emission control signals that are equivalent to each other to light emission control lines of the corresponding pixel area.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a light guide plate and a backlight assembly using the same, which may improve the uniformity of light using prism patterns having a trapezoidal shape. The light guide plate includes a body, a plurality of first projections, and a plurality of second projections. The body includes an incident surface to which light is incident and an emitting surface from which the incident light is emitted. The plurality of first projections is disposed on the emitting surface of the body and has a trapezoidal shape in a section perpendicular to the incident surface. The plurality of second projections is disposed on the emitting surface of the body and has a shape symmetrical to a shape of the first projections.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel GPCR (G Protein Coupled Receptor) proteins and genes encoding the same. Also provided is the use of the proteins and the genes. Particularly, contemplated are a novel GPCR (G Protein Coupled Receptor) polypeptide, a polynucleotide coding for the same, a recombinant vector carrying the polynucleotide or a fragment thereof, host cells transformed with the vector, a transgenic animal infected with the vector. Also, a composition for detecting a cancer marker, comprising an agent capable of measuring the expression level of mRNA or protein of the GPCR polynucleotide, a kit for the diagnosis of cancer, comprising the composition, and a method for detecting the GPCR polypeptide and a gene encoding the polypeptide are provided.

Abstract: A method for preparing a phosphor includes: dissolving at least one metal as a raw material of a desired phosphor in liquid ammonia to form a metal-amide type precursor; gathering the metal-amide type precursor; and firing the precursor to form a desired phosphor.

Abstract: A refrigerator includes a refrigerating compartment, a freezing compartment, and a switching compartment to store food items. Various elements are provided to maintain the three compartments at selected target temperatures. A heater and/or a light source may be provided to rapidly heat the switching compartment when the switching compartment is being changed from a freezing operation to a refrigerating operation.