Abstract: The reciprocating piston of an exhaust pressure wave charger for a combustion engine has an integrated hydraulic piston and an air piston transferring exhaust gas energy into mechanical power and provides exhaust gas for the combustion chamber. The fluid communication between hydraulic piston and hydraulic circuit is controlled by valves to extract the exhaust energy during the expansion stroke and advance the charger piston back into top end position. The hydraulic piston has two faces for adapting the hydraulic piston force more closely to the exhaust gas forces. Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) is provided by an air piston and valves controlling the flow of exhaust gas into the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A hydraulic radial-piston pump transfers the wind energy of the rotor to an adjustable hydraulic motor on ground level, driving an electric generator with constant speed. The pump consists of piston assemblies, located in radial direction between camshaft and housing, supported by spherical bearings at the housing and cylindrical bearings at the camshaft, allowing for self-adjustment of the assemblies. The radial and axial bearings of the camshaft are pivotally mounted allowing for self-adjustment to the housing. At least two planes with cams opposing each other compensate the piston forces in radial direction. Preferably, the pump has four planes symmetrically arranged around a plane between the second and third plane, compensating the piston forces in axial direction. The center of gravity of the rotor is located between or near the bearings of the camshaft. The loads are supported by hydraulic pressure fields, minimizing frictional losses and increasing longevity.

Abstract: A VTOL aircraft has a rotor, wings, and a propeller providing thrust for take-off and landing and horizontal flight. The propeller, attached through a joint mechanism to the aircraft, is continuously tiltable around to axes, providing the anti-torque forces for the rotor and thrust forces for lifting the aircraft and for horizontal flight. The hubs of rotor blade sets are rotatable to each other for alignment. The rotor assembly, attached to a moveable linkage mechanism, is tiltable in or against the direction of flight and movable towards to or into the fuselage. The folded and retracted rotor reduces the air drag and the high thrust of the propeller increase the speed of winged flight. The flexibility and lower weight of the drive are preferably achieved with an advanced hydrostatic drivetrain.

Abstract: An internal combustion free-piston pump-engine provides pressurized fluid for a hydrostatic powertrain. The free-piston is reciprocably mounted in a piston bore and transfer combustion pressure directly into pressurized hydraulic fluid. Fast, computer controlled hydraulic two-way valves initiate the stepwise pressurization of the smaller face, the larger face, or both faces of the hydraulic end of the free-piston, controlling the piston movement and especially its top-end and bottom end positions. The control concept can be applied to a two-stroke, or four-stroke compression or spark ignition engine. A pressure wave charger, transfers the energy of the exhaust pressure wave into an air intake pressure wave. A cylindrical piston is reciprocally mounted in a piston bore of a housing. The exhaust pressure wave moves the piston from the top-end position to the bottom-end position, against the pressure of the intake air and the force of a return spring.

Abstract: An axial-piston pump includes a rotatable cylinder barrel having pistons extending from piston bores formed at one end thereof, each piston connected to a shoe by snap-fit joint. A groove/throttle arrangement at the joint provides controlled fluid, depending on its angle of flexion. A spherical, concave swashplate, includes an inclined surface and a spherical, internally form-locked retaining mechanism with two degrees of freedom for engaging and reciprocating the pistons upon rotation of the cylinder barrel. A valve plate, adjacent the end of the cylinder barrel furthest from the swashplate, controls the ingress and egress of the fluid from the piston bores through channels which are tilted towards the centerline and in circumferential direction, reducing the velocity and turbulence of the flow and counterbalancing a tilting moment at the cylinder barrel. The valve plate contains pressure compensating ports to reduce compression losses and delay the pressure adaptation.

Abstract: An internal combustion free-piston pump-engine provides pressurized fluid for a hydrostatic powertrain. The free-piston is reciprocably mounted in a piston bore and transfer combustion pressure directly into pressurized hydraulic fluid. Fast, computer controlled hydraulic two-way valves initiate the stepwise pressurization of the smaller face, the larger face, or both faces of the hydraulic end of the free-piston, controlling the piston movement and especially its top-end and bottom end positions. The control concept can be applied to a two-stroke, or four-stroke compression or spark ignition engine. A pressure wave charger, transfers the energy of the exhaust pressure wave into an air intake pressure wave. A cylindrical piston is reciprocally mounted in a piston bore of a housing. The exhaust pressure wave moves the piston from the top-end position to the bottom-end position, against the pressure of the intake air and the force of a return spring.

Abstract: An internal combustion free-piston pump-engine provides pressurized fluid for a hydrostatic powertrain. The free-piston is reciprocably mounted in a piston bore and transfer combustion pressure directly into pressurized hydraulic fluid. Fast, computer controlled hydraulic two-way valves initiate the stepwise pressurization of the smaller face, the larger face, or both faces of the hydraulic end of the free-piston, controlling the piston movement and especially its top-end and bottom end positions. The control concept can be applied to a two-stroke, or four-stroke compression or spark ignition engine. A pressure wave charger, transfers the energy of the exhaust pressure wave into an air intake pressure wave. A cylindrical piston is reciprocally mounted in a piston bore of a housing. The exhaust pressure wave moves the piston from the top-end position to the bottom-end position, against the pressure of the intake air and the force of a return spring.

Abstract: A combination hydraulic pump and integral container apparatus comprising a container including generally symmetrical first and second members coupled to each other for relative pivotal movement between a closed position wherein the members define a generally enclosed cavity and an open position wherein the members are angularly spaced, a hydraulic fluid reservoir contained within the cavity, and a pump for pumping fluid from the reservoir in response to movement of the members between the open and closed positions.

Abstract: An axial-piston pump includes a rotatable cylinder barrel having pistons extending from cylinder bores formed at one end thereof. A swashplate is positioned adjacent the cylinder barrel and includes an inclined surface for engaging and reciprocating the pistons upon rotation of the cylinder barrel relative thereto. The cylinder barrel is rotatably supported by a bearing spaced from the swashplate in a direction toward the cylinder barrel. The location and orientation of the bearing results in the development of bearing forces which operate on the same equivalent force point as the contact forces developed between the pistons and swashplate. Since the forces thus developed all operate on the same equivalent force point, pitching or cocking moments on the cylinder barrel are substantially eliminated.

Abstract: A portable electric driven conduit bender which accommodates rigid, IMC and thinwall conduit of various sizes in a single setup includes a rotatable, cone-shaped bending shoe, and a roller assembly for supporting conduit during bending. The bending shoe has a pair of arcuate-shaped die portions positioned diametrically opposite one another for shaping rigid and IMC conduit, and thinwall conduit, respectively, and each die portion has a plurality of bending grooves formed therein for accommodating various conduit diameter sizes. The roller assembly includes a roller unit for larger diameter conduit that has a split forming roller and a solid backup roller located side-by-side which cradle the conduit during the bending operation. One of the halves of the split roller is adjustable in its axial direction between a closed position for supporting thinwall conduit and a separated position for supporting rigid conduit.

Abstract: A control system for varying the volume of fluid discharged from a variable displacement hydraulic pump having a plurality of reciprocating pistons. Each piston includes an inlet check valve which controls the flow of fluid from an inlet supply line to the piston chamber, and an outlet check valve which controls the flow of fluid from the piston chamber to a discharge line. The displacement of the pump is controlled by a series of actuator members which regulate the working pressure developed by each piston by controlling the positions of the inlet check valves. Each actuator member is movable between a first position wherein it permits an inlet check valve to close and enable its corresponding piston to develop working pressure in the piston chamber, and a second position wherein it opens the inlet check valve to prevent the development of working pressure in the piston chamber.

Abstract: A sliding swivel link is kinematically connected to an arcuate bearing cage in a hydraulic axial cylinder machine (of the kind having a concave cylindrical bearing face in the machine casing, a corresponding convex cylindrical bearing face on the swashplate, and an arcuate bearing cage with rolling contact bearing elements contained within the cage and disposed in the space between the concave and convex bearing cases) for positively displacing the bearing cage to a theoretically correct position on each change of tilt of the swashplate.The sliding swivel link includes a flexurally elastic rod which is pivotally connected at one end to the swashplate and which is pivotally connected at its other end to the casing. The rod is longitudinally slidable within the pivotal connection to the swashplate and is also linked to the bearing cage so that the bearing cage is always urged into a position on the line connecting the two pivotal connections at the opposite ends of the rod.