Abstract: Disclosed is a miniaturized battery module in which a space except for a space of a battery cell is minimized and the number of components is reduced. The miniaturized battery module includes a cell assembly configured by assembling a plurality of battery cells, an upper frame inserted into an outer upper surface of the cell assembly, a lower frame inserted into an outer lower surface of the cell assembly and fastened to the upper frame, and first and second endplates fastened to two opposite ends of the cell assembly and configured to fix the plurality of battery cells. In this case, at least two or more of the plurality of the battery cells are arranged side by side, and the upper frame and the lower frame are fastened by welding.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory includes metallic lines on a substrate and including an uppermost metallic line, a semiconductor conduction line on the uppermost metallic line, a vertical structure penetrating the semiconductor conduction line and metallic lines, and including a vertical structure that includes an upper channel film, a first lower channel film, and an upper connection channel film connecting the upper channel film and the first lower channel film between a bottom of the semiconductor conduction line and a bottom of the uppermost metallic line, and a first cutting line through the metallic lines and the semiconductor conduction line, and including a first upper cutting line through the semiconductor conduction line, and a first lower cutting line through the plurality of metallic lines, a width of the first upper cutting line being greater than a width of an extension line of a sidewall of the first lower cutting line.

Abstract: An antenna device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a dielectric layer, a radiator and a dummy electrode. The radiator is disposed on the upper surface of the dielectric layer. The radiator includes a first mesh structure, and the first mesh structure includes a first antenna electrode line and a second antenna electrode line which cross each other. The dummy electrode is spaced apart from the radiator by the separation region on the upper surface of the dielectric layer. The dummy electrode includes a second mesh structure, and the second mesh structure includes a first dummy electrode line and a second dummy electrode line which cross each other. A spacing distance between the first dummy electrode line and the radiator is different from a spacing distance between the second dummy electrode line and the radiator at the separation region.

Abstract: Provided is a method for electrowinning neodymium compound. The method includes providing a fluoride-based electrolyte through an opening defined in an electrolytic bath including a cathode and an anode. The method includes providing granules, each including a neodymium compound and having at least one cavity defined therein, through the opening defined in the electrolytic bath. The method includes dissolving at least a portion of the granule in a molten salt of the fluoride-based electrolyte. The method also includes reducing neodymium at the cathode. The cavity is defined inside or on the surface of the granule, and the apparent density of the granules is lower than the density of the molten salt. The method proposed has an improved process compared to those of the related art.

Abstract: A surface-treated copper foil according to exemplary embodiments includes a copper foil layer and a protrusion layer formed on one surface of the copper foil layer. Pores are formed inside the protrusion layer or around a boundary between the copper foil layer and the protrusion layer. Abnormal growth of the protrusions may be prevented through the pores and thus a bonding force with the insulation layer may be improved.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a polyamide block copolymer and a polyamide film including the same. The polyamide block copolymer according to the present disclosure makes it possible to provide a polyamide film exhibiting excellent mechanical properties while being colorless and transparent.

Abstract: A coil component includes a body having one surface, and one end surface and the other end surface, respectively connected to the one surface and opposing each other, a support substrate embedded in the body, and a coil portion disposed on the support substrate and including first and second lead-out patterns respectively exposed from surfaces of the body. The first lead-out pattern is exposed from the one surface of the body and the one end surface of the body. The second lead-out pattern is exposed from the one surface of the body and the other end surface of the body. The body includes an anchor portion disposed in each of the first and second lead-out patterns.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an apparatus for controlling movement of an ultrasonic wave generating unit, the apparatus characterized by comprising: a transfer unit for moving the ultrasonic wave generating unit; and a control unit for controlling the operation of the ultrasonic wave generating unit and the transfer unit, wherein the control unit controls the ultrasonic wave generating unit such that, when the ultrasonic wave generating unit moves, ultrasonic waves are irradiated at intervals to the skin on a movement path of the ultrasonic wave generating unit.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to startup and cold shutdown (CSD) of a multi-module fuel cell power generating system. According to the present disclosure, a first fuel cell module may supply electric power that is required for startup and cold shutdown of a second fuel cell module, and the second fuel cell module may perform the startup or cold shutdown of the second fuel cell module by using the electric power supplied from the first fuel cell module. According to the present disclosure, the numbers of high-voltage batteries, low-voltage batteries and bi-directional low voltage DC-DC converters (BLDCs) used for multi-module fuel cell power generation may be reduced and control complexity may be reduced.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a display device in a chamber in which a material including yttrium is coated on an inner surface includes: forming a first layer pattern by dry etching on a substrate; depositing a second layer material on the first layer pattern; forming a photoresist pattern on the second layer material; completing a second layer pattern by using the photoresist pattern as an etch mask; and performing an additional acid etching process by using an etching solution including at least one of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, or nitric acid before the forming of the photoresist pattern on the second layer material after the dry etching to form the first layer pattern.

Abstract: Provided is a soft growing robot which may be precisely controlled by reducing the effect of a tail tension applied to its inner periphery. The soft growing robot includes a case having one open side; and a vine including an outer periphery having one end fixed to one side surface of the case, the inner periphery disposed inside the outer periphery while being spaced apart from the outer periphery and extended into the case, a tip connecting the other end of the outer periphery and one end of the inner periphery to each other, and a tip space formed by the outer periphery, the tip and the inner periphery, and a tip space formed by the outer periphery, the tip and the inner periphery. A diameter of the tip is smaller than a diameter of the outer periphery to a bent portion between the tip and the outer periphery.

Abstract: Provided is a soft growing robot which may be precisely controlled by reducing the effect of a tail tension applied to its inner periphery, the soft growing robot including: a case having one open side; and a vine including an outer periphery having one end fixed to one side surface of the case, the inner periphery disposed inside the outer periphery while being spaced apart from the outer periphery and extended into the case, a tip connecting the other end of the outer periphery and one end of the inner periphery to each other, and a tip space formed by the outer periphery, the tip and the inner periphery, and a tip space formed by the outer periphery, the tip and the inner periphery, wherein a diameter of the tip is smaller than a diameter of the outer periphery, thereby forming a bent portion between the tip and the outer periphery.

Abstract: The present application provides a single-chain blood coagulation factor VIII including a B region which is partially deleted to contain at least four glycosylation sites, but not a region to be cleaved by furin, or a single-chain blood coagulation factor VIII in which the A or B region has some residues pegylated. A single-chain blood coagulation factor VIII according to the present application not only retains intact therapeutic efficacy and can be easily produced on mass scale because of its single chain form, but also has an increased half-life in vivo through pegylation, thus enhancing convenience for patients as a therapeutic agent for hemophilia A and bringing about a reduction of medical expenses through reduction in production cost.

Abstract: A controller and a controlling method of operating a fuel cell are provided. The controller for operating a fuel cell in a system, the system being configured to generate an output through the fuel cell and a battery, includes an input part configured to receive a system request output of a user, a calculating part configured to calculate a fuel cell output by excluding a battery output from the system request output of the user, the battery output being derived through a plurality of factors, the plurality of factors including residual available energy of the fuel cell, and an operating part configured to control the operation of the fuel cell in response to the fuel cell output calculated by the calculating part.

Abstract: A particle collection device includes a collection sheet and a frame on which the collection sheet is mounted. The collection sheet includes a base sheet, a magnetic substance, and a metal protrusion disposed on the base sheet to be adjacent to the magnetic substance.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a display device in a chamber in which a material including yttrium is coated on an inner surface includes: forming a first layer pattern by dry etching on a substrate; depositing a second layer material on the first layer pattern; forming a photoresist pattern on the second layer material; completing a second layer pattern by using the photoresist pattern as an etch mask; and performing an additional acid etching process by using an etching solution including at least one of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, or nitric acid before the forming of the photoresist pattern on the second layer material after the dry etching to form the first layer pattern.

Abstract: A cooling control method of a fuel cell is provided. The method includes estimating a temperature of a separator based on heat exchange between the separator formed between unit cells of a fuel cell stack and coolant flowing through a cooling line between the separators. A ratio of coolant passing through a heat exchange device to coolant bypassing the heat exchange device is adjusted based on the estimated temperature of the separator. Additionally, a rotation speed of a pump for circulating coolant for cooling the fuel cell stack is adjusted based on the estimated temperature of the separator.

Abstract: A photolithography apparatus includes a cleaning unit which cleans a target substrate, a drying unit which dries the target substrate provided from the cleaning unit, and a coating unit which forms a photoresist layer by coating a photoresist on the target substrate provided from the drying unit. The drying unit includes a first vacuum unit which performs a vacuum treatment on the target substrate.

Abstract: A string actuator-based exoskeleton robot includes: a driving force conversion unit including a fixed frame and a rotation pulley and mountable on a side portion of the waist of a human body; a driving unit including a driving motor providing a driving force and a pair of strings provided in double rows to have one side connected to the driving motor and the other side connected to the rotation pulley, and assisting the rotation of the rotation pulley by twisting or untwisting the pair of strings with or from each other by a rotational driving force of the driving motor to vary a length of the pair of strings; and a support unit formed to extend from the rotation pulley to at least one of a front surface or a rear surface of the femoral region of the human body to support the femoral region of the human body.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electronic device including a communication module that performs communication with at least one external device, a memory that stores a list in which identification information for at least one security application involving user authentication is listed, a processor electrically connected to the communication module and the memory, wherein the processor transmits information for factory reset to at least one external device associated with the security application based on the identification information on the list when a factory reset event of the electronic device occurs. In addition, various embodiments understood through the disclosure may be possible.