Abstract: A producing apparatus (1) of fine particles includes two pipes constructed by an outer pipe (11) and an inner pipe (21) arranged in a concentric shape. The tip (21a) of the inner pipe (21) is spaced from the tip (11b) of the outer pipe (11) by a comparatively long distance. Fluid II is flowed toward the tip (21a) of the inner pipe (21) within the inner pipe (21). Fluid I is flowed toward the tip of the outer pipe (11) as a continuous phase within the outer pipe (11). The flow velocities of the fluid I and the fluid II within the outer pipe (11) and the inner pipe (21) are set to appropriate values by controlling the operations of respective pumps (14, 24) by commands from a controller (31). Thus, the fluid II exhausted from the tip (21a) of the inner pipe (21) becomes a droplet (3) having a in approximately spherical shape surrounded by the fluid I within the outer pipe (11) and having a predetermined desirable diameter.

Abstract: Carbon black is introduced into a granulating machine 3 through an inlet 1 and water is introduced into the same through an inlet 2 to prepare granulated carbon black, which is fed to a cylindrical rotary type dryer 5 through a line 4 and is dried. A product of carbon black is discharged through a line 6. Temperature in the dryer 5 is measured by a plurality of thermometers 10. A combustion control device performs the arithmetical processing of temperature data to obtain the initial point at which the state of the carbon black is changed from the constant rate of drying to the falling rate of drying. The control device controls each flow rate of fuel supplied from each line 7 or 8 to burners 9 for the front and rear half portions of the dryer by using the critical point and the temperature of the carbon black at the outlet of the dryer, whereby a temperature profile for the carbon black in the dryer 5 can be made stable for a long time.

Abstract: A method of detecting the condition of a liquid layer level in a case where a plurality of liquids are in a layer condition, such method of being capable of knowing each layer level condition even in a case where a system as a whole is high at temperature, pressure or dirt as well as emulsification are large in extent. In order to detect the layer condition, the measurement values of temperatures and so on in a system as a whole or the mathematically processed values of the measurement values are provided as inputs, the layer level condition at this time is outputted, processed by a neurocomputer so as to compose an input-output model. As the layer level condition at this time is adapted to be estimated with the use of the input-output model, the layer level condition may be properly detected even when a system as a whole is high at temperature, pressure or the dirt as well as the emulsification are larger in extent.