Abstract: Disclosed is a charge transfer complex capable of obtaining a curable resin composition having an excellent balance between curability and storage stability when used as an epoxy-resin curing agent. The charge transfer complex has an imidazole moiety as an electron donor moiety. The charge transfer complex may be an assembly wherein electrons included in a compound (a) having an imidazole moiety are accepted by a compound (b) having an electron acceptor moiety, or may be a compound having an imidazole moiety and an electron acceptor moiety in its molecule, and the electron acceptor moiety accepts electrons included in the imidazole moiety.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing a rich fermented milk having the original hardness and dense texture of the fermented milk. Disclosed is a method for producing a multi-layer fermented milk of a post-fermentation type, including the steps of: filling a container with a raw material milk to which a starter has been added and a sugar-containing liquid so as not to mix the raw material milk and the sugar-containing liquid, wherein the sugar-containing liquid has an amount of 15.0% by mass or more of the total amount of the raw material milk and the sugar-containing liquid, and the sugar-containing liquid has a solid content of 20.0% by mass or more; and fermenting the raw material milk in the filled container to obtain a multi-layer fermented milk product in a container in which a fermented milk layer having a higher solid content than the raw material milk is formed and a storage modulus G?, which is an index of hardness of the fermented milk, is 1200 Pa or more.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a beverage having excellent photodegradation resistance. More particularly, the present invention relates to a photodegradation resistant beverage comprising a fat-free milk solid content and fat content, the fat content comprising not less than 70% by mass vegetable fat and oil, and the vegetable fat and oil is selected from the group consisting of coconut oil, sunflower oil and a mixture thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a beverage having excellent photodegradation resistance. More particularly, the present invention relates to a photodegradation resistant beverage comprising a fat-free milk solid content and fat content, the fat content comprising not less than 70% by mass vegetable fat and oil, and the vegetable fat and oil is selected from the group consisting of coconut oil, sunflower oil and a mixture thereof.

Abstract: An optical recording medium has a multi-layer structure recording layer structure recording layer portion including plural recording layers provided with tracks for guiding a recording light and being adapted to record data, where recording condition information and recording layer identification information for the recording layers are recorded on the tracks as information signals. Test writing is conducted on a recording layer that is subject to recording to derive a suitable recording condition based on recording condition information that is recorded on the recording layer, and direct recording is conducted according to a direct recording condition.

Abstract: An optical recording medium has a multi-layer structure recording layer structure recording layer portion including plural recording layers provided with tracks for guiding a recording light and being adapted to record data, where recording condition information and recording layer identification information for the recording layers are recorded on the tracks as information signals. Test writing is conducted on a recording layer that is subject to recording to derive a suitable recording condition based on recording condition information that is recorded on the recording layer, and direct recording is conducted according to a direct recording condition.

Abstract: An optical recording medium has a multi-layer structure recording layer portion including plural recording layers provided with tracks for guiding a recording light and being adapted to record data, where recording condition information and recording layer identification information for the recording layers are recorded on the tracks as information signals. Test writing is conducted on a recording layer that is subject to recording to derive a suitable recording condition based on recording condition information that is recorded on the recording layer, and direct recording is conducted according to a direct recording condition.

Abstract: An optical recording medium has a multi-layer structure recording layer structure recording layer portion including plural recording layers provided with tracks for guiding a recording light and being adapted to record data, where recording condition information and recording layer identification information for the recording layers are recorded on the tracks as information signals. Test writing is conducted on a recording layer that is subject to recording to derive a suitable recording condition based on recording condition information that is recorded on the recording layer, and direct recording is conducted according to a direct recording condition.

Abstract: In the disclosed pulse shape modulation method, an amplitude modulation gain for a reproduced signal from an information recording medium that makes the jitter of the reproduced signal become the minimum is specified. Then, it is determined whether the amplitude modulation gain corresponding to the minimum jitter resides within a prescribed range. If the amplitude modulation gain corresponding to the minimum jitter is outside the prescribed range, the pulse shape of the pulsed laser beam is modulated.

Abstract: An information recording medium including a transparent substrate, and a recording layer or a metallic layer formed on the transparent substrate directly or through an undercoat layer, with an amplitude attenuation time of 1 second or less and/or a vibration frequency attenuation time of 3 seconds or less, when vibrated in the direction perpendicular to the flat surface of said information recording medium, or wherein when the information recording medium is in-plane vibrated in the direction perpendicular to the extending direction of information recording, reproducing and/or deleting tracks, a maximum in-plane deviation of a recording, reproducing or deleting position in the tracks in the perpendicular direction from a correct recording, reproducing or deleting position in the tracks is 12.

Abstract: An optical recording medium has a multi-layer structure recording layer portion including plural recording layers provided with tracks for guiding a recording light and being adapted to record data, where recording condition information and recording layer identification information for the recording layers are recorded on the tracks as information signals. Test writing is conducted on a recording layer that is subject to recording to derive a suitable recording condition based on recording condition information that is recorded on the recording layer, and direct recording is conducted according to a direct recording condition.

Abstract: In the disclosed pulse shape modulation method, an amplitude modulation gain for a reproduced signal from an information recording medium that makes the jitter of the reproduced signal become the minimum is specified. Then, it is determined whether the amplitude modulation gain corresponding to the minimum jitter resides within a prescribed range. If the amplitude modulation gain corresponding to the minimum jitter is outside the prescribed range, the pulse shape of the pulsed laser beam is modulated.

Abstract: A phase-change optical information recording medium including a substrate and a recording layer provided on the substrate, the recording layer including a phase-change recording material capable of recording information, reproducing recorded information, and erasing recorded information reversibly with reversible phase changes in the phase-change recording material, with successive formation of a recording mark with a low reflectivity and a length of at least one unit extending in an optical recording scanning direction, and a space with a high reflectivity and a length of at least one unit extending in the optical recording scanning direction, wherein information is recorded by a plurality of signals being recorded in the recording layer, each signal constituting a recording mark area including a recording initiation marking portion with (a) a length of at least two times a minimum length of the recording mark and (b) a width (W1) of at least 1.

Abstract: An information recording medium including a transparent substrate, and a recording layer or a metallic layer formed on the transparent substrate directly or through an undercoat layer, with an amplitude attenuation time of 1 second or less and/or a vibration frequency attenuation time of 3 seconds or less, when vibrated in the direction perpendicular to the flat surface of said information recording medium, or wherein when the information recording medium is in-plane vibrated in the direction perpendicular to the extending direction of information recording, reproducing and/or deleting tracks, a maximum in-plane deviation of a recording, reproducing or deleting position in the tracks in the perpendicular direction from a correct recording, reproducing or deleting position in the tracks is 12.

Abstract: The optical recording medium at least a transparent substrate; a reflection layer; and a print layer. The print layer has a multilayer structure in which a plurality of ink layers made from different inks that have different specific gravities are stacked. A sum of products of viscosity &ggr; (in poise) and weight M (in gram) of the ink used to form the ink layer in the print layer satisfies a relation 30≦&Sgr;&ggr;iMi (g·Poise)≦150.

Abstract: A phase-change optical information recording medium including a substrate and a recording layer provided on the substrate, the recording layer including a phase-change recording material capable of recording information, reproducing recorded information, and erasing recorded information reversibly with reversible phase changes in the phase-change recording material, with successive formation of a recording mark with a low reflectivity and a length of at least one unit extending in an optical recording scanning direction, and a space with a high reflectivity and a length of at least one unit extending in the optical recording scanning direction, wherein information is recorded by a plurality of signals being recorded in the recording layer, each signal constituting a recording mark area including a recording initiation marking portion with (a) a length of at least two times a minimum length of the recording mark and (b) a width (W1) of at least 1.

Abstract: A phase-change optical information recording medium including a substrate and a recording layer provided on the substrate, the recording layer including a phase-change recording material capable of recording information, reproducing recorded information, and erasing recorded information reversibly with reversible phase changes in the phase-change recording material, with successive formation of a recording mark with a low reflectivity and a length of at least one unit extending in an optical recording scanning direction, and a space with a high reflectivity and a length of at least one unit extending in the optical recording scanning direction, wherein information is recorded by a plurality of signals being recorded in the recording layer, each signal constituting a recording mark area including a recording initiation marking portion with (a) a length of at least two times a minimum length of the recording mark and (b) a width (W1) of at least 1.

Abstract: An information recording medium including a transparent substrate, and a recording layer or a metallic layer formed on the transparent substrate directly or through an undercoat layer, with an amplitude attenuation time of 1 second or less and/or a vibration frequency attenuation time of 3 seconds or less, when vibrated in the direction perpendicular to the flat surface of said information recording medium, or wherein when the information recording medium is in-plane vibrated in the direction perpendicular to the extending direction of information recording, reproducing and/or deleting tracks, a maximum in-plane deviation of a recording, reproducing or deleting position in the tracks in the perpendicular direction from a correct recording, reproducing or deleting position in the tracks is 12.

Abstract: The optical recording medium at least a transparent substrate; a reflection layer; and a print layer. The print layer has a multilayer structure in which a plurality of ink layers made from different inks that have different specific gravities are stacked. A sum of products of viscosity &ggr; (in poise) and weight M (in gram) of the ink used to form the ink layer in the print layer satisfies a relation 30≦&Sgr;&ggr;iMi (g·Poise)≦150.

Abstract: Both a low-linear-velocity recording and a high-linear-velocity recording can be effectively performed by an optical recording method for recording information on a phase-change optical recording medium which is recordable at a low linear velocity and a high linear velocity greater than the low linear velocity. A ratio (Pel/Pwl) of an erasing power Pel to a recording power Pwl in the low-linear-velocity recording and a ratio (Peh/Pwh) of an erasing power Peh to a recording power Pwh in the high-linear-velocity recording are determined so that the ratio (Pel/Pwl) and the ratio (Peh/Pwh) satisfy the relationship {(Pel/Pwl)<(Peh/Pwh)}.