Abstract: A nutritional formulation for use in suppressing a symptom of refeeding syndrome includes a protein and/or an amino acid in a total amount of 3.5 g or less per 100 kcal. A method for providing nutritional support while suppressing symptoms of refeeding syndrome in patients in an undernutrition state includes the use of the nutritional formulation which includes a protein and/or an amino acid in a total amount of 3.5 g or less per 100 kcal.

Abstract: By using ion exchange column chromatography or calcium carbonate to an aqueous solution containing a compound A represented by the following formula and citric acid, citric acid in the aqueous solution is removed and a crystalline compound A is obtained by being thereafter subjected to several steps. Further a high-purity noncrystalline compound A is obtained by using calcium carbonate, sulfuric acid, an organic solvent and the like to the aqueous solution containing the compound A and citric acid to remove citric acid and the crystalline compound A in the solution. The configuration of the crystalline compound A is an SS isomer in the RS notation system. The configuration of the noncrystalline compound A is an SR isomer.

Abstract: Compounds (citric acid derivatives) represented by formulas (1) and (2) below are novel compounds having an inhibitory effect against liver disorder and can be used as liver disorder inhibitors and food additives (wherein R1 represents a C1 to C3 alkyl group optionally having a carboxyl group or a hydroxyl group, and R2 represents a hydrogen atom, or R1 and R2 optionally form a cyclic structure together to represent a C2 to C3 alkylene chain).

Abstract: The present invention provides a prophylactic and/or therapeutic agent for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and particularly non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) comprising an ume (Japanese apricot) juice concentrate or a processed product thereof. The prophylactic and/or therapeutic agent is obtained by utilizing a component contained in a plant or a processed product thereof, and hence is safe and easily taken. It has been confirmed that when the ume juice concentrate or the processed product thereof is orally administered to a streptozocin (STZ)-induced NAFLD model mouse or an STZ-induced NASH model mouse, liver fibrogenesis can be reduced.

Abstract: By using ion exchange column chromatography or calcium carbonate to an aqueous solution containing a compound A represented by the following formula and citric acid, citric acid in the aqueous solution is removed and a crystalline compound A is obtained by being thereafter subjected to several steps. Further a high-purity noncrystalline compound A is obtained by using calcium carbonate, sulfuric acid, an organic solvent and the like to the aqueous solution containing the compound A and citric acid to remove citric acid and the crystalline compound A in the solution. The configuration of the crystalline compound A is an SS isomer in the RS notation system. The configuration of the noncrystalline compound A is an SR isomer.

Abstract: Compounds (citric acid derivatives) represented by formulas (1) and (2) below are novel compounds having an inhibitory effect against liver disorder and can be used as liver disorder inhibitors and food additives (wherein R1 represents a C1 to C3 alkyl group optionally having a carboxyl group or a hydroxyl group, and R2 represents a hydrogen atom, or R1 and R2 optionally form a cyclic structure together to represent a C2 to C3 alkylene chain).

Abstract: Compounds (citric acid derivatives) represented by formulas (1) and (2) below are novel compounds having an inhibitory effect against liver disorder and can be used as liver disorder inhibitors and food additives (wherein R1 represents a C1 to C3 alkyl group optionally having a carboxyl group or a hydroxyl group, and R2 represents a hydrogen atom, or R1 and R2 optionally form a cyclic structure together to represent a C2 to C3 alkylene chain).

Abstract: Compounds (citric acid derivatives) represented by formulas (1) and (2) below are novel compounds having an inhibitory effect against liver disorder and can be used as liver disorder inhibitors and food additives (wherein R1 represents a C1 to C3 alkyl group optionally having a carboxyl group or a hydroxyl group, and R2 represents a hydrogen atom, or R1 and R2 optionally form a cyclic structure together to represent a C2 to C3 alkylene chain).

Abstract: The present invention provides a prophylactic and/or therapeutic agent for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and particularly non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) comprising an ume (Japanese apricot) juice concentrate or a processed product thereof. The prophylactic and/or therapeutic agent is obtained by utilizing a component contained in a plant or a processed product thereof, and hence is safe and easily taken. It has been confirmed that when the ume juice concentrate or the processed product thereof is orally administered to a streptozocin (STZ)-induced NAFLD model mouse or an STZ-induced NASH model mouse, liver fibrogenesis can be reduced.

Abstract: The invention provides a metal salt of a crosslinked cellulose derivative represented by the following formula (I), wherein the degree of substitution of the hydroxyl group of glucose unit of the crosslinked cellulose derivative by a functional group a is 1 or more. R—O—A??(I) {In the formula (I), R represents a crosslinked cellulose residue and A represents a functional group a having cation-exchange ability.

Abstract: An inhibitor for perioperative blood sugar elevation characterized by containing a branched amino acid, a compound which can be converted into a branched amino acid in vivo or a compound to which an amino group has been transferred from a branched amino acid. This inhibitor for perioperative blood sugar elevation is useful as a drug which is safe to the living body including human, inhibits abnormal elevation in the blood glucose level caused by anesthesia, surgery, etc., and enables proper blood sugar control, when administered to a perioperative patient.

Abstract: The present invention provides a sodium absorption inhibitor, a potassium absorption inhibitor, and a phosphorus absorption inhibitor, and a preventive agent, a therapeutic agent and a food for diseases caused by overconsumption of common salt, potassium and phosphorus or diseases which require restriction of ingestion of common salt, potassium and phosphorus to actively and safely excrete overconsumed common salt, potassium and phosphorus excreted outside the body. R—O-A ??(I) {In the formula (I), R represents a crosslinked cellulose residue and A represents a functional group a having cation-exchange ability.

Abstract: The invention provides a metal salt of a crosslinked cellulose derivative represented by the following formula (I), wherein the degree of substitution of the hydroxyl group of glucose unit of the crosslinked cellulose derivative by a functional group a is 1 or more. R—O-A??(I) {In the formula (I), R represents a crosslinked cellulose residue and A represents a functional group a having cation-exchange ability.

Abstract: Disclosed is a composition for use in the prevention of a hypoglycemic condition, which comprises at least one compound selected from a branched amino acid, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and a derivative of the amino acid or salt as an active ingredient. The composition can promote the uptake of a saccharide into a brain cell to thereby prevent a hypoglycemic condition.

Abstract: An inhibitor for perioperative blood sugar elevation characterized by containing a branched amino acid, a compound which can be converted into a branched amino acid in vivo or a compound to which an amino group has been transferred from a branched amino acid. This inhibitor for perioperative blood sugar elevation is useful as a drug which is safe to the living body including human, inhibits abnormal elevation in the blood glucose level caused by anesthesia, surgery, etc., and enables proper blood sugar control, when administered to a perioperative patient.

Abstract: The present invention provides a sodium ion absorption inhibitor comprising a metal salt, other than a sodium salt, of a cellulose derivatives represented by the following formula (I) as an active ingredient, whereby absorption of salt excessively present into a living body is effectively inhibited and salt excessively present is excreted outside the body positively and safely. Furthermore, the present invention provides an agent for preventing and treating diseases caused by excessive salt ingestion or diseases in which restriction on salt ingestion is required, comprising the same as an active ingredient, and foods comprising the same.

Abstract: An oral agent for adsorbing phosphorus, which comprises a polylysine as an active ingredient; a food which comprises a polylysine; and a method for reducing a phosphorus concentration in blood and a method for excreting phosphorus, using the oral agent for adsorbing phosphorus.

Abstract: The present invention provides a sodium ion absorption inhibitor comprising a metal salt, other than a sodium salt, of a cellulose derivatives represented by the following formula (I) as an active ingredient, whereby absorption of salt excessively present into a living body is effectively inhibited and salt excessively present is excreted outside the body positively and safely. Furthermore, the present invention provides an agent for preventing and treating diseases caused by excessive salt ingestion or diseases in which restriction on salt ingestion is required, comprising the same as an active ingredient, and foods comprising the same.

Abstract: An sodium ion absorption inhibitor, a sodium ion excretion accelerator and an agent for preventing and treating a disease caused by excessive common salt ingestion, each of which comprising a metal salt (excluding sodium salt) of lambda-carrageenan as an active ingredient, can excrete excessively ingested common salt outside the body positively and safely, and particularly have excellent action in excreting the sodium ions into feces.