Abstract: Helicobacter pylori-binding substances comprising Gal&bgr;3GlcNAc or Gal&bgr;3GalNAc are described, as well as use thereof in pharmaceutical compositions and food-stuff, and methods for treatment of conditions due to the presence of Helicobacter pylori. Also use of said substance for the identification of bacterial adhesions, for the production of a vaccine against Helicobacter pylori, for diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infections, for typing of Helicobacter pylori, for identification of Helicobacter pylori binding substances and for inhibition of the binding of Helicobacter pylori is described.