Abstract: In a cable modem system, increasing or decreasing the rate of an MPEG Transport Stream involves two separate, but related, tasks: 1) incorporating a sufficient number of additional packets (or discarding packets) to make up for the difference in data rates between input and output, and 2) altering timing information (for instance, PCR (Program Clock Reference) values) present in some incoming packets to reflect their altered positions in the output stream. Both of these tasks can be facilitated by the use of a FIFO (First-In, First-Out) structure, through which the data flows.

Abstract: In a cable modem system, increasing or decreasing the rate of an MPEG Transport Stream involves two separate, but related, tasks: 1) incorporating a sufficient number of additional packets (or discarding packets) to make up for the difference in data rates between input and output, and 2) altering timing information (for instance, PCR (Program Clock Reference) values) present in some incoming packets to reflect their altered positions in the output stream. Both of these tasks can be facilitated by the use of a FIFO (First-In, First-Out) structure, through which the data flows.

Abstract: A system for redundancy switching of line cards in a communications system. When a line card needs to be replaced or serviced or becomes inoperable, signal traffic is switched to and through a redundant line card. This is achieved by implementing a switching fabric on I/O cards, where the I/O cards carry signal traffic to and from line cards. The switching fabric enables traffic to and from an I/O card servicing the line card to be replaced to instead service the redundant line card.

Abstract: A system for redundancy switching of line cards in a communications system. When a line card needs to be replaced or serviced or becomes inoperable, signal traffic is switched to and through a redundant line card. This is achieved by implementing a switching fabric on I/O cards, the I/O cards carrying signal traffic to and from line cards. The switching fabric enables traffic to and from and I/O card servicing the line card to be replaced to instead service the redundant line card.