Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes: an image carrying body; a latent image forming unit to form an electrostatic latent image on the image carrying body; a developing unit to develop the electrostatic latent image on the image carrying body to form a toner image, the developing unit including a developing agent carrying body to carry a developing agent in a development region, and a direct-current power supply and an alternating-current power supply, both applying a developing bias voltage to the developing agent carrying body, the developing bias voltage generated by superimposing a direct-current voltage to an alternating voltage; a printing rate detecting unit to detect a printing rate; and a control unit to control the alternating-current power supply, wherein the control unit controls an output of the alternating-current power supply based on a detection result of the printing rate detecting unit.

Abstract: There is described an image forming apparatus for forming a high-density image by using the reversal developing method and suppressing an occurrence of irregularities. The apparatus includes an image bearing member, a latent image forming device to form an electrostatic latent image, a magnetic field generating device to generate a magnetic field and a developing device to develop the electrostatic latent image so as to form a toner image on the image bearing member. At a developing region, the developer bearing member moves in a direction opposite to a moving direction of the image bearing member and the magnetic field generating device has a developing pole to form a magnetic brush for developing the electrostatic latent image. Further, an outer diameter R (mm) of the developer bearing member and a magnetic flux density Br1 (mT) of the developing pole fulfill the relationship of Br1?R×4.5.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes: a developing device which applies a developing bias voltage obtained by superimposing an AC bias voltage onto a DC bias voltage to a photoreceptor, and develops a latent image on the photoreceptor with a developer to form a toner image. The apparatus has a toner forced discharge mode for forming a toner image for forced discharge in a first image formation area provided in a non-image formation area other than a second image formation area on the photoreceptor to forcibly discharge a toner from the developing device. When the mode is selected, an AC bias voltage at a frequency lower than that in the second image formation area is applied to the first image formation area to develop a latent image for forced discharge, to form a toner image, and a toner of the toner image is collected by a cleaning device.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes: an image carrying member; a latent image forming unit to form an electrostatic latent image on the image carrying member; a developing unit to develop the electrostatic latent image on the image carrying member to form a toner image; a forcible discharge unit to forcibly discharge the toner from the developing unit; a toner supplying unit to supply toner by the discharged quantity; and a fog-detection unit to detect fog of the image, wherein the forcible discharge unit forcibly discharges the toner from the developing unit based on a detected result of the fog-detection unit.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes: a developing device which applies a developing bias voltage obtained by superimposing an AC bias voltage onto a DC bias voltage to a photoreceptor, and develops a latent image on the photoreceptor with a developer to form a toner image. The apparatus has a toner forced discharge mode for forming a toner image for forced discharge in a first image formation area provided in a non-image formation area other than a second image formation area on the photoreceptor to forcibly discharge a toner from the developing device. When the mode is selected, an AC bias voltage at a frequency lower than that in the second image formation area is applied to the first image formation area to develop a latent image for forced discharge, to form a toner image, and a toner of the toner image is collected by a cleaning device.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes: an image carrying member; a latent image forming unit to form an electrostatic latent image on the image carrying member; a developing unit to develop the electrostatic latent image on the image carrying member to form a toner image; a forcible discharge unit to forcibly discharge the toner from the developing unit; a toner supplying unit to supply toner by the discharged quantity; and a fog-detection unit to detect fog of the image, wherein the forcible discharge unit forcibly discharges the toner from the developing unit based on a detected result of the fog-detection unit.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes: an image carrying body; a latent image forming unit to form an electrostatic latent image on the image carrying body; a developing unit to develop the electrostatic latent image on the image carrying body to form a toner image, the developing unit including a developing agent carrying body to carry a developing agent in a development region, and a direct-current power supply and an alternating-current power supply, both applying a developing bias voltage to the developing agent carrying body, the developing bias voltage generated by superimposing a direct-current voltage to an alternating voltage; a printing rate detecting unit to detect a printing rate; and a control unit to control the alternating-current power supply, wherein the control unit controls an output of the alternating-current power supply based on a detection result of the printing rate detecting unit.

Abstract: There is described an image forming apparatus for forming a high-density image by using the reversal developing method and suppressing an occurrence of irregularities. The apparatus includes an image bearing member, a latent image forming device to form an electrostatic latent image, a magnetic field generating device to generate a magnetic field and a developing device to develop the electrostatic latent image so as to form a toner image on the image bearing member. At a developing region, the developer bearing member moves in a direction opposite to a moving direction of the image bearing member and the magnetic field generating device has a developing pole to form a magnetic blush for developing the electrostatic latent image. Further, an outer diameter R (mm) of the developer bearing member and a magnetic flux density Br1 (mT) of the developing pole fulfill the relationship of Br1?R×4.5.

Abstract: TV mail system comprising a plurality of televisions each having a receiving function capable of receiving broadcasting radio waves and displaying a program, and a mail server to which the televisions are connected through communication lines, wherein the television has a mail sending function for making mail including at least destination information and the body of a mail to output the mail data to the mail server and a mail receiving function for displaying the contents of mail data received from the mail server together with the received mail, the mail server has a database in which authentication information of users are registered, a receiving mail box for storing received mail data, mail boxes for receivers, a mail distribution device for distributing, to a mail box for the receiver, mail data stored in the receiving mail box by making a reference to the authentication database and an outputting device which sends out the mail data received from one television to at least one different television in co

Abstract: A television system in which two-way television sets communicate with a server via a communication network. Each interactive television includes a program control unit for controlling interactive data exchange between a viewer, a response receiving unit for identifying a response from the viewer to the program from input signals to the television, and a communication control unit for controlling communications with other nodes. The server includes a communication control unit for controlling communications with other nodes, a program information DB storing procedures in units of programs, a response processing function for arranging response data in units of programs.

Abstract: A disk player reads data read from a disk after temporary storage in a memory and outputs the read data and is capable of preventing the memory from becoming empty by a retry operation for reading data, thereby avoiding a sound failure. When an address whose data is not correctly readable is present on a disk, the address information of that address is stored, and when the same disk is played again, the data reading operation for the new address is performed before the amount of remaining data in the memory becomes too small at the time the next reading address is address whose data is unreadable based on the address information. When at least the same disk is played again, therefore, the memory may not become empty, thus preventing a sound failure from occurring.

Abstract: A paper arranging system for re-loading or re-stacking a bundle of paper sheets from a paper feed rack to a paper arranging device has a bridge plate interposed between the paper feed rack and the paper arranging device so as to bridge the space defined between the paper feed rack and the paper arranging device. In addition, a working platform is disposed in front of the paper feed rack, the bridge plate, and the paper arranging device so as to operatively support a workman at the working platform station for performance of the paper re-loading or re-stacking operation. The working platform is pivotable between a first horizontally disposed working or support position, and a second vertically disposed inoperative position so that free access to the front regions of the paper feed rack and the paper arranging device is provided.

Abstract: In a paper arranging apparatus, a method and system for turning over papers while the papers are being transferred to a paper piling table from a paper feeding table by means of a crossing plate located between the two tables. A rotary shaft is disposed above the crossing plate, and the rear end of a stack of papers transferred onto the crossing plate from the paper feeding table is lifted and turned around the rotary shaft. The rotation of the rotary shaft conveys the stack of papers to the paper piling table.

Abstract: A paper arranging apparatus for unpiling a vertical stack of paper sheets disposed upon a paper feeding table and repiling the paper sheets into a vertical stack upon a paper piling table includes a vibrational transfer plate disposed within the vicinity of the upper region of the paper piling table, and a crossing plate pivotably mounted upon the upper end of the paper feeding table so as to be movable between a first inoperative elevated position, and a second lowered operative position which overlies the vibrational transfer plate. The crossing and vibrational transfer plates therefore bridge the lateral spacing defined between the paper feeding and paper piling tables in order to facilitate the paper transfer operation between the paper feeding and paper piling tables.

Abstract: A paper jogging apparatus can automatically jog paper sheets due to vibratory action of vibratory plate (19) disposed on an upper portion of a tiltable body (2) simply by tilting the tiltable body (2) having an up-down table (3) vertically movable by an up-down driver (8) and stacking an appropriate number of paper sheets on the up-down table (3) as tilted.

Abstract: This is an invention concerning an improvement of the clamp equipped in the cutting machine (guillotine) for cutting a pile of paper or similar materials.This invention consists in construction of the clamp in which the presser foot having clamping surfaces to press the cutting material and gauge surfaces facing the knife is composed of an alignment of many partial presser feet, each of which can individually be displaced according to the reaction force generated in pressing the cutting material. Even in case there is uneven thickness of cutting material or partial variation in compressibility, uniform clamping is obtained and brings about the good effect that the guillotine cutting is smoothly and exactly achieved.