Abstract: A piezoelectric ceramic material is provided which can form a sintered piezoelectric ceramic compact having a low electromechanical coupling coefficient, a low resonant resistance and a low temperature dependence of the resonant frequency. The piezoelectric ceramic material is a solid solution having a primary component composed of PbTiO3, PbZrO3 and Pb(MaXMdY)O3, in which Ma is at least one bivalent element or trivalent element, and Md is at least one pentavalent element or hexavalent element, and the ratio X/Y of the Ma content X to the Md content Y is larger than the stoichiometric ratio. Preferred is Ma being Mn, Md being at least one of Nb, Sb, Ta and W, and when the contents of Mn, Nb, Sb, Ta and W are represented by A, B, C, D and E, respectively, 0.525≦A/(B+C+D+2E)≦1, and about 20 mole percent or less of the element Pb being replaced by at least one of Ca, Ba, Sr and La.

Abstract: A piezoelectric ceramic material is provided which can form a sintered piezoelectric ceramic compact having a low electromechanical coupling coefficient, a low resonant resistance and a low temperature dependence of the resonant frequency. The piezoelectric ceramic material is a solid solution having a primary component composed of PbTiO3, PbZrO3 and Pb(MaXMdY)O3, in which Ma is at least one bivalent element or trivalent element, and Md is at least one pentavalent element or hexavalent element, and the ratio X/Y of the Ma content X to the Md content Y is larger than the stoichiometric ratio. Preferred is Ma being Mn, Md being at least one of Nb, Sb, Ta and W, and when the contents of Mn, Nb, Sb, Ta and W are represented by A, B, C, D and E, respectively, 0.525≦A/(B+C+D+2E)≦1, and about 20 mole percent or less of the element Pb being replaced by at least one of Ca, Ba, Sr and La.

Abstract: A piezoelectric ceramic material able to form a piezoelectric ceramic sintered body having such characteristics as a small electromechanical coupling coefficient, small resonant resistance and small temperature dependency of the resonant frequency that is required for designing a narrow-band filter is represented by principal component of the general formula of (PbaSrb)(ZrcTidMneNbf)O3 and having a composition satisfying the following relations of 0.93≦a≦1.01, 0.01≦b≦0.04, 0.37≦c≦0.47, 0.48≦d≦0.58, 0.0105≦e≦0.06, 0.02≦f≦0.06 and 1.05≦2e/f≦2, and comprising sub-components of about 0.003% to 0.1% by weight of each of SiO2 and Al2O3 relative to the principal component.

Abstract: Provided is a piezoelectric ceramic composition containing a lead titanate which has excellent temperature stability of the resonance frequency, and is suitable for application in a filter, a vibrator or the like, and a piezoelectric element using the piezoelectric ceramic composition. A piezoelectric substrate comprising a ceramic material containing PbTiO.sub.3 is provided with vibrating electrodes on the front and rear surfaces. The ceramic material containing PbTiO.sub.3 contains not less than about 0.1% by weight or more than about 3.0% by weight of Mn based on MnCO.sub.3 as the subcomponent in the main component having a composition satisfying 0.02.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.0.16 and 0.15.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.0.50 of the general formula Pb.sub.1-1.5x Nd.sub.x [(In.sub.1/2 Nb.sub.1/2).sub.y Ti.sub.1-y ]O.sub.3.

Abstract: A driving apparatus for a vertical rolling mill comprises a vertical electric motor mounted on a frame which has a hollow rotary shaft therein supported by a bearing and surrounding a portion of an intermediate shaft. The upper end of the intermediate shaft extends through the hollow rotary shaft and connects to a first universal joint disposed axially above the motor, and which engages the upper end of the hollow rotary shaft. The torque of the hollow rotary shaft is transmitted to the vertical roll through the first universal joint of the intermediate shaft, and a second universal joint.

Abstract: Both of the upper and lower blades carried by the upper and lower drums, respectively, or either of the upper or lower blade is so arranged as to partially describe a non-circular locus having the vertically extended major axis when complete shearing is effected.