Abstract: Disclosed are a liquid crystal display element exhibiting a continuous gradation memory property as well as different display properties substantially similar to those of a liquid crystal display element having nematic liquid crystals, while enabling continuous tone display, and a method for manufacturing the same.

Abstract: A fused tricyclic compound having aldose reductase inhibitory activity and shown by the following formula, wherein R1 represents 1 to 3 atoms or substituents selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkylene, or alkoxy group, and a protected or unprotected hydroxyl or carboxyl group, R2 represents a protected or unprotected carboxyl group, R3 represents 1 or 2 atoms or substituents selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an oxo group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or alkoxy group, and a protected or unprotected carboxyl group, A represents an alkylene group, and B represents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, or a group shown by the following formula, wherein R4 represents an alkyl or aryl group substituted by an aryl, cycloalkyl, or heterocyclic group, and X represents an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom, provided that, when B represents a group shown by the following formula: wherein R4 represents an alkyl or aryl group substituted

Abstract: A material from which a cured film exhibiting high solvent resistance, liquid crystal-alignment performance, heat resistance and high transparency can be formed. A composition for forming a thermoset film having photo alignment properties, the composition comprising: a component (A) that is an acrylic copolymer having a photodimerizing moiety and a thermal cross-linking moiety; a component (B) that is an acrylic polymer having at least one of a C2-5 alkyl ester group and a C2-5 hydroxyalkyl ester group and at least one of a carboxy group and a phenolic hydroxy group; and a component (C) that is a cross-linking agent.

Abstract: A material from which a cured film exhibiting high solvent resistance, liquid crystal-alignment performance, heat resistance and high transparency can be formed. A composition for forming a thermoset film having photo alignment properties, including: a component (A) that is an acrylic copolymer having a photodimerizing moiety and a thermal cross-linking moiety; and a component (B) that is a cross-linking agent.

Abstract: Disclosed are a liquid crystal display element exhibiting a continuous gradation memory property as well as different display properties substantially similar to those of a liquid crystal display element having nematic liquid crystals, while enabling continuous tone display, and a method for manufacturing the same.

Abstract: A fused tricyclic compound having aldose reductase inhibitory activity and shown by the following formula, wherein R1 represents 1 to 3 atoms or substituents selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkylene, or alkoxy group, and a protected or unprotected hydroxyl or carboxyl group, R2 represents a protected or unprotected carboxyl group, R3 represents 1 or 2 atoms or substituents selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an oxo group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or alkoxy group, and a protected or unprotected carboxyl group, A represents an alkylene group, and B represents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, or a group shown by the following formula, wherein R4 represents an alkyl or aryl group substituted by an aryl, cycloalkyl, or heterocyclic group, and X represents an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom, provided that, when B represents a group shown by the following formula: wherein R4 represents an alkyl or aryl group substituted wi

Abstract: The invention provides an electro-optical device which displays image of high quality without forming poorly oriented regions that stem from the presence of pole-like spacers, yet achieving a high numerical aperture. Pole-like spacers according to the invention are provided on at least either one of a first substrate and a second substrate holding a liquid crystal layer and on the to-be-provided surface of the one substrate on the side facing the liquid crystal layer, the pole-like spacers having, at the roots thereof, a slope portion with a surface smoothly connecting to the to-be-provided surface.

Abstract: The invention provides a color filter substrate in which light leakage ascribable to the gap of colored layers, etc. are reduced or prevented from occurring, and which is capable of displaying a color image of high quality, and a method of manufacturing the same. A color filter substrate which has pixel portions arrayed in the shape of a matrix on a substrate includes a first colored layer which is formed at parts in either of a transmission region and a reflection region adjacent to each other within each of the pixel portions, and a second colored layer which is formed in both the regions and on the whole surfaces thereof except the formation region of the first colored layer.

Abstract: The invention provides an electro-optic device capable of keeping the cell gap constant or substantially constant throughout the substrate surface regardless of the existence of a liquid crystal inlet. The electro-optic device of the invention has a TFT array substrate and an opposite substrate formed to sandwich an electro-optic material; a liquid crystal inlet to communicate the clearance sandwiched between the substrates with the exterior; and a plurality of columnar spacers scattered within the surfaces in parallel to the substrates to keep the clearance between the substrates at a predetermined thickness, the columnar spacers being disposed more densely in the vicinity of the liquid crystal inlet and more sparsely in the other area within the surfaces.

Abstract: The invention provides an electro-optical device which displays image of high quality without forming poorly oriented regions that stem from the presence of pole-like spacers, yet achieving a high numerical aperture. Pole-like spacers according to the invention are provided on at least either one of a first substrate and a second substrate holding a liquid crystal layer and on the to-be-provided surface of the one substrate on the side facing the liquid crystal layer, the pole-like spacers having, at the roots thereof, a slope portion with a surface smoothly connecting to the to-be-provided surface.

Abstract: The invention provides a color filter substrate in which light leakage ascribable to the gap of colored layers, etc. are reduced or prevented from occurring, and which is capable of displaying a color image of high quality, and a method of manufacturing the same. A color filter substrate which has pixel portions arrayed in the shape of a matrix on a substrate includes a first colored layer which is formed at parts in either of a transmission region and a reflection region adjacent to each other within each of the pixel portions, and a second colored layer which is formed in both the regions and on the whole surfaces thereof except the formation region of the first colored layer.

Abstract: The invention provides an electro-optic device capable of keeping the cell gap constant or substantially constant throughout the substrate surface regardless of the existence of a liquid crystal inlet. The electro-optic device of the invention has a TFT array substrate and an opposite substrate formed to sandwich an electro-optic material; a liquid crystal inlet to communicate the clearance sandwiched between the substrates with the exterior; and a plurality of columnar spacers scattered within the surfaces in parallel to the substrates to keep the clearance between the substrates at a predetermined thickness, the columnar spacers being disposed more densely in the vicinity of the liquid crystal inlet and more sparsely in the other area within the surfaces.

Abstract: The invention provides a removing apparatus for molded products and a method for cutting off gates of molded products, by which various types of molded products having different gate positions from each other are cut off to separate the product parts from runners with high accuracy by using a single cutting member and which contributes to downsizing of the apparatus itself. The invention further provides a removing apparatus for molded products and a method for cutting off gates of molded products, by which work for attaching the cutting unit is simplified and work for removing is made very efficient.

Abstract: The invention provides a removing apparatus for molded products and a method for cutting off gates of molded products, by which various types of molded products having different gate positions from each other are cut off to separate the product parts from runners with high accuracy by using a single cutting member and which contributes to downsizing of the apparatus itself. The invention further provides a removing apparatus for molded products and a method for cutting off gates of molded products, by which work for attaching the cutting unit is simplified and work for removing is made very efficient.

Abstract: A painting system for painting a finned-tube heat exchanger suspended from a conveyor line so as to be conveyed thereby, comprises: (i) means for spraying on said heat exchanger with a water-soluble paint; (ii) means for air-blowing on said heat exchanger; and (iii) means for electrostatic spraying on said heat exchanger with a solvent-soluble paint. Each of spray nozzle assemblies and air-blow nozzle assemblies of said means issues paint spray or air blow to fins of said heat exchanger in a direction parallel to said fins. This painting system further comprises a scraper means for recovering said water-soluble paint sprayed and reached a wall member during spraying and air blow.

Abstract: The inventory management system comprises a central control unit, a number of parts terminal units deposed at each parts container, and some guide terminal units arranged at each parts container shelf. A worker goes to a parts container in accordance with the guidance on the guide terminal units, performs parts storing, parts collecting or stocktaking jobs in accordance with a job display and parts quantity display on the parts terminal unit and can also correct a displayed parts quantity if the quantity displayed is not correct.