Abstract: A monitoring system for high-frequency circuits which minimizes the insertion loss of additional monitoring circuits while requiring only a small space. An input coupler is placed at the input of a high-frequency circuit whose frequency response is to be monitored. The input coupler has a space where a given high-frequency probing signal can propagate, and it combines this propagating signal with a given electrical input signal. The combined signal is processed by the high-frequency circuit, and the resulting signal is supplied to an output coupler. The output coupler has a space for propagation of a high-frequency probing signal component contained in the received combined signal. The output coupler extracts this propagating signal component for the purpose of monitoring.

Abstract: A dielectric waveguide which comprises a first single crystal magnesium oxide block having a surface of face (001), (100) or (010) and a first copper oxide superconducting film formed on the above-described surface in a c-axis crystal orientation perpendicular to the surface, and a method of production thereof are provided.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an optical scanning stage. The optical scanning stage comprises a specimen holder that holds the specimen, a main scanning guide that guides the specimen holder along a main scanning axis, a sub-scanning stage that supports the specimen holder through the main scanning guide, and a main scanning driving mechanism that scans the specimen along the main scanning axis. The main scanning driving mechanism comprises a motor having a rotation shaft that rotates in one direction, and a movement conversion mechanism that converts a one-directional rotary motion of the rotation shaft of the motor to a linear reciprocation.

Abstract: A lens barrier device for a camera includes a main blade member located on a plane approximately perpendicular to an optical axis of a photo-taking lens of the camera and arranged to perform opening and closing actions by moving on the plane approximately perpendicular to the optical axis, an auxiliary blade member located on one and the same plane as the main blade member and arranged to perform opening and closing actions by moving on one and the same plane as the main blade member, and a driving part arranged to drive the main blade member to perform the opening and closing actions, wherein the auxiliary blade member is arranged to perform the opening and closing actions by being pushed by the main blade member.

Abstract: An image stabilizing device removably mountable on a camera or other optical apparatus includes an image stabilizer for accomplishing image stabilization of the camera, a detector for detecting the operative state of the camera, and a controller responsive to the detector to control the operation of said image stabilizer. The detector detects the presence or absence of an information signal and the controller acts diversely dependent on the detections.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring multipath propagation characteristics receives a plurality of transmitted waves propagated over a plurality of different propagation paths and subjected to multipath fading over the propagation paths, and measures multipath propagation characteristics with respect to those propagation paths based on the received waves. The multipath propagation characteristics can be measured relative to a plurality of propagation path systems using the same frequency band. The apparatus for measuring multipath propagation characteristics comprises a plurality of transmitters located in different spatial positions, respectively, and a receiver for receiving a plurality of waves transmitted from the transmitters while the receiver is moving. The transmitters generate respective waves to be transmitted that each comprise a plurality of discrete spectral components which are arranged in the frequency domain such that they do not overlap each other in the same frequency band.

Abstract: A moving body position detecting device is provided with at least three contacts and at least three conductors which are in contact respectively with the three contacts, connected in series to each other and disposed in parallel to each other, for detecting the position of a moving body according to the relative positional relationship between the three contacts and the three conductors.

Abstract: A mobile communication system has a base station and a plurality of mobile stations. When a mobile station detects a self station code, it transmits the self station code of the mobile station to the base station by using weak radio waves. The base station performs scanning, using its scanning antenna so as to change the directivity direction, catches the weak radio waves sent from the mobile station, and detects the mobile station code included in the reception signal. Thereby, a requester is told that the call of the mobile station has surely been made. By using the scanning antenna, a notification that the mobile station has surely received the call from the base station is reliably conveyed from the mobile station to the base station by using weak radio waves.

Abstract: In a single-lens reflex camera having a quick-return mirror and a built-in mechanism for change-over between different photographic image plane frames, a light blocking member is arranged to be movable into or out of a photo-taking optical path by swinging around the same or approximately the same rotation axis of the quick-return mirror and to block a part of a photographing light flux to prevent the part of the light flux from reaching the photographic image plane when it is within the photo-taking optical path, so that a photographic image plane frame which differs from a normal photographic image plane frame can be formed by this light blocking member.

Abstract: A radio communication system for mobile communications, or more specifically, a radio receiver for a base station which receives signals transmitted from a plurality of mobile stations is provided wherein the propagation characteristics of channels with respect to a frequency domain can be instanteously measured at all times even while the channels are in use. A frequency converter collectively receives signals transmitted from the mobile stations and converts the signals to IF-band signals, respectively. The IF-band signals output from the frequency converter are set apart from one another by corresponding ones of frequency differences of the signals transmitted from the mobile stations. Complex Fourier transform deriving means collectively derives the complex Fourier transforms of these IF-band signals, and outputs the resulting frequency spectra to analyzing means.

Abstract: A process for separating an organic acid or acids from an organic acid-containing solution obtained by a fermentation method in which glucose is used as starting material, which comprises contacting said organic acid-containing solution to a cation exchange resin to have the organic acid or acids adsorbed on the cation exchange resin, then contacting the cation exchange resin to an eluent to have the organic acid or acids desorbed, and then separating from the eluate a solution containing the organic acid or acids, wherein said organic acid-containing solution is contacted to the cation exchange resin under such a condition that the pH or the organic acid-containing solution is maintained at a pH level lower than pKa where Ka is the ionization constant of the organic acid or acids or the primary ionization constant in a case of a polybasic acid or acids, and the pH of the eluate is maintained at the above pH level.

Abstract: An optical system adjusting device for a camera comprises a first driver for driving the optical system of the camera; a second driver for driving the optical system at a finer pitch than the first driver; and a control system arranged to divide a degree to which the optical system is to be driven into a first degree to which the optical system is to be driven by the first driver and a second degree to which the optical system is to be driven by the second driver and to cause the first driver to drive the optical system to the first degree and the second driver to drive the optical system to the second degree.

Abstract: An angular displacement detecting device provided with a tubular casing having a chamber in which a liquid is sealed, a floating body disposed in the liquid and supported for rotation about a predetermined rotational axis, and a detector for detecting the relative angular displacement between the floating body and the tubular casing about the rotational axis, comprises a closed-magnetic-path forming member for forming a closed magnetic path including the floating body, and an electrical conductor disposed in the closed magnetic path so as to be subject to an electromagnetic force which is generated from the closed magnetic path by energization, the electrical conductor relatively displacing the floating body with respect to the tubular casing through the action of the electromagnetic force.

Abstract: An angular displacement detecting device provided with a tubular casing having a chamber in which a liquid is sealed, a floating body disposed in the liquid and supported for rotation about a predetermined rotational axis, and a detector for detecting the relative angular displacement between the floating body and the tubular casing about the rotational axis, comprises a closed-magnetic-path forming member for forming a closed magnetic path including the floating body, an electrical conductor disposed in the closed magnetic path for relatively displacing the floating body with respect to the tubular casing by energization, and a controlling circuit for varying the amount of energization at the time of the energization of the electrical conductor.

Abstract: In an angle displacement detector for an optical image stabilization device including a tubular casing which has a chamber containing a sealed-in liquid, a floating body which is disposed within the sealed-in liquid and which is carried in such a way as to be freely rotatable around a given axis of rotation and a detector for detecting a rotation of a floating body around the rotation axis relative to the tubular casing, magnetic elements arranged to have the floating body in a position to permit a measuring action to be adequately carried out at the time of measuring an angle displacement and to adequately keep the floating body in its initial position by a magnetic action when no angle displacement measuring action is required.

Abstract: An image shake compensating device includes a compensating member for compensating for an image shake taking place on an image forming plane of an optical instrument; a detecting circuit for detecting, through the displacement state of the compensating member, the shaking state of the optical instrument causing the image shake; and a driving circuit for driving the compensating member in response to an output of the detecting circuit.

Abstract: A blur detecting apparatus is provided with a light projecting means for projecting a signal light, light receiving means for receiving the signal light projected from the light projecting means and detecting the received position of the signal light, guide means for guiding the signal light projected from the light projecting means to the light receiving means, and varying means for varying the guiding action of the guiding means in conformity with blur and varying the received position of the signal light received by the light receiving means and in which the blur state is detected from the received position of the signal light detected by the light receiving means.

Abstract: A camera comprises a photo taking optical system; driving means for driving the photo taking optical system; a shutter; switching means for causing transmission of the driving force of the driving means to the photo taking optical system to be changed over to the shutter; and control means for controlling the shutter by converting the opening time of the shutter into the driving degree of the driving means.

Abstract: A stepping drive unit for cameras which is capable of stepwise driving a photographic optical system by operating a member which is placed into a reciprocating motion by means of an electromagnetic force on a plane substantially parallel with the photographic optical axis and not through a cam, whereby the transmission efficiency of a drive cam is increased. The drive is also capable of eliminating the need to employ a stepping drive in returning the photographic optical system to an initial position whereby the number of steps taken by the stepping drive is reduced, and of conducting its functions without applying any excessive impulsive force by stepwise increasing the amount of electricity charged to the electromagnetic drive member as the number of steps taken by the stepping drive increases, whereby the level of mechanical driving sounds is greatly reduced.

Abstract: A process for readily isolating and recovering highly pure erythritol at a high crystallization yield from an erythritol-containing culture medium, which contains erythritol together with various impurities such as salts, coloring materials and polysaccharides, through chromatographic separation with the use of a strongly acidic cation exchange resin. The process of the present invention can be continuously operated, since the lowered separation capability of said cation exchange resin can be readily restored by treating the same with a warm alkali solution.