Abstract: A rotary air tool includes an axially moving automatic speed control valve which responds to changes in rotary speed by varying the amount of air fed to its air motor. When the speed tends to increase under light load, less air is fed to the air motor to maintain a generally constant rotary speed. A safety device is triggered when the speed exceeds a predetermined maximum due, for example, to a malfunction in the speed control valve. The safety device includes a weight which is radially movable at the predetermined maximum speed to release a latch. The latch permits resilient actuation of the speed control valve toward its closed position. In one embodiment, a second latch maintains the safety device in the actuated condition so that the air tool remains substantially shut off until the reason for the overspeed condition is investigated. In a further embodiment, the speed control valve is not fully closed by actuation of the safety device so that at least a small amount of air is admitted to the air motor.

Abstract: A polyimide precursor fibrid material which comprises a polyimide precursor that forms a polyimide having a property of no thermal melting when subjected to a ring closure reaction and which is substantially free from aprotic polar organic solvents, and polyimide paper, polyimide composite paper and polyimide composite board obtained therefrom. Since the inventive polyimide precursor fibrid material does not contain aprotic polar organic solvents, a polyimide paper product having excellent strength can be obtained from the polyimide precursor fibrid material, and a polyimide composite paper product and a polyimide composite board both consisting of uniformly dispersed components and having excellent strength can be obtained from the polyimide precursor fibrids and other staple fibers.

Abstract: This invention provides a poly(amic acid) solution which does not contain aprotic polar solvents such as DMF, NMP, DMAc, DMSO, as well as a polyimide film obtained therefrom having appropriate flexibility and a small coefficient of linear thermal expansion and a coated material in which the polyimide film is formed on a substrate.More particularly, it provides a poly(amic acid) solution which has an aromatic poly(amic acid) and a tertiary amine as the solute and a water soluble alcohol compound and/or a water soluble ether compound as the solvent and contains substantially no aprotic polar solvent, as well as a polyimide film obtained from the poly(amic acid) solution and a coated material obtained by forming the film on a substrate.

Abstract: A film forming solution which does not require aprotic polar solvents, a porous film of poly(4,4'-oxydiphenylenepyromellitimide) obtained from the film forming solution which has excellent heat and chemical resistances, which is controllable in terms of porosity and pore size of the film and which has excellent electrical characteristics, and a coated material where the porous film is formed on a base material.Particularly, a film forming solution of a precursor of poly(4,4'-oxydiphenylenepyromellitimide) and a mixture of at least three solvents which are poor solvents for the precursor when each solvent is used alone, a porous film of poly(4,4'-oxydiphenylenepyromellitimide) obtained from the film forming solution and a coated material where the porous film is formed on a base material.

Abstract: A polyimide precursor solution which comprises a polyimide precursor and a solvent wherein the polyimide precursor and the solvent are not solated strongly. A process for the production of the polyimide precursor solution, as well as moldings and coatings obtained from the solution.The polyimide precursor solution of the present invention has excellent storage stability, and the solvent can be removed easily at the time of the production of moldings or coatings. According to the process of the present invention, the polyimide precursor solution can be produced easily using simple apparatus and an inexpensive solvent(s) having low toxicity. The polyimide molding obtained from the polyimide precursor solution has excellent uniformity and no residual solvent. The polyimide coating obtained from the polyimide precursor solution has excellent uniformity, no residual solvent and excellent adhesiveness to a base material.

Abstract: This invention provides (1) a granular material of a polyimide precursor, which has excellent solubility in solvents and excellent moldability and from which a polyimide molding having excellent mechanical properties can be produced, (2) a mixture of a granular material of a polyimide precursor with a solvent, in which the polyimide precursor shows excellent storage stability and (3) a process for the production of a granular material of a polyimide precursor, in which a solvent can be easily removed. Particularly provided are a polyimide precursor granular material having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.7 or higher and a polyimide precursor mixture which consists of a polyimide precursor granular polyimide having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.7 or higher and a solvent that does not exhibit a strong-mutual interaction with the polyimide precursor, as well as a process for the production of the polyimide precursor granular material.

Abstract: A method of producing a growth promoting factor for Bifidobacterium species from lactose which comprises contacting lactose with resting cells of a lactose-utilizing yeast strain having activity to rearrange lactose to galacto-oligosaccharides.

Abstract: A process for producing a physiologically active substance by a combined enzymatic method is disclosed.

Abstract: A process for producing diadenosine tetraphosphate or derivatives thereof in very high yields with little formation of undesired by-products is disclosed. The process comprises reacting adenosine-5'-triphosphate or a derivative thereof with an amino acid under the catalytic action of an aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase in the presence of an enzyme that converts adenosine-5'-diphosphate to adenosine-5'-triphosphate. The formation of by-products can be substantially completely inhibited if the last-mentioned enzyme is used in combination with an enzyme that converts adenosine-5'-monophosphate to adenosine-5'-diphosphate.

Abstract: A communication passageway is formed to extend from the end surface of a cover member opposed to the axial end surface of the shoulder portion of a main shaft and through the main shaft so that in only one of the two particular phase conditions obtained per revolution of an oil cylinder, it establishes the communication between high and low pressure chambers to thereby equalize their pressures.The communication passageway establishes the communication between high and low pressure chambers in only one of the two particular phase conditions obtained per revolution of the oil cylinder and makes it possible to produce percussion torque in the other particular phase condition.

Abstract: A process for synthesizing peptides or peptide derivatives is disclosed. The process involves using aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase as a condensing agent when synthesizing peptides or peptide derivatives from amino acids. According to the process, peptides or peptide derivatives which are useful as various hormones such as bradykinin having antihypertensive activity or somatostatin having an internal or external secretion controlling function and other biologically active substances such as antibiotic peptides or seasoning peptides can be produced at a moderate price without using protective groups.

Abstract: An apparatus for converting into ATP which comprises an enzyme reactor, a source of AMP supply, a source of phosphoric acid donator supply, variable fluid sending apparatus, an automatic sampling apparatus and an analyzing apparatus for the reacting solution, an arithmetic control apparatus, and a recovery apparatus. According to this apparatus, conversion from AMP or ADP into ATP can be effectively carried out and ATP conversion can be kept at substantial 100% over a long period of time. The device makes it possible for ATP to be used more and more in future as an energy source for bioreactors and as medicines because the ATP will be more readily available and less expensive.