Abstract: A system for treating a vascular condition includes a catheter, a stent disposed on the catheter, the stent having a stent framework including a core, the core having an outer surface and a pure titanium layer deposited on the outer surface of the core and a nanotextured surface formed in the deposited pure titanium layer. A method of manufacturing a stent for treating a vascular condition includes depositing a uniformly dense and uniformly thick layer of pure titanium onto an outer surface of a stent framework core, placing stent framework into a running chamber having a cathode and electrolyte solution, connecting stent framework and cathode to a power source operably connected to the running chamber, applying a power source to the attached stent framework and cathode for a predetermined length of time and at a predetermined voltage and forming a nanotextured surface within the deposited titanium layer.

Abstract: The apparatus and methods of the present invention in a broad aspect provide novel multiple bioactive agent eluting stents for treating vascular diseases and conditions. Controlled elution of bioactive agents is achieved by the presence of the bioactive agents themselves. One or more characteristics of the bioactive agents cause variations in elution rates or profiles or the other bioactive agents.

Abstract: Described herein are implantable medical devices useful in treating vascular conditions such as restenosis. In one embodiment, stents are described in which a combination of bioactive agents is described for local delivery in the vasculature. The combination of bioactive agents comprises at least one compound capable of inhibiting smooth muscle cell proliferation and at least one compound capable of mitigating MCP- and/or TF induction. For example, a compound capable of inhibiting smooth muscle cell proliferation is a mTOR inhibitor and a compound capable of mitigating MCP-1 and/or TF induction is a corticosteroid.