Abstract: A downhole fishing tool for retrieving an object from a wellbore includes a main body assembly configured to be positioned in the wellbore, a cladding material disposed on an edge of a downhole end of the main body, and a lens configured to direct a laser beam along the cladding material when the cladding material is in contact with the object, thereby welding the fishing tool to the object such that, when welded, pulling the tool in an uphole direction pulls the object along with the fishing tool.

Abstract: A downhole fishing tool for retrieving an object from a wellbore includes a main body assembly, one or more nozzles configured to dispose a cladding powder on the object when the object is proximate to the tool, and one or more lenses configured to direct a laser beam at the cladding powder disposed on the object, thereby welding the fishing tool to the object such that pulling the tool in an uphole direction pulls the object along with the fishing tool.

Abstract: A laser cutting tool includes a tool body having a central axis; a laser cutting head provided coaxially along the central axis of the tool body; and a laser head disposed on a side of the laser cutting head. The laser head includes a laser exit. An internal laser passageway extends in a radial direction between the laser cutting head and the laser exit configured to direct a laser beam from the laser cutting head in a radially outward direction through the laser exit. A plurality of internal nozzles positioned within the laser head configured to direct a cooling substance to a cutting area around the laser beam and a plurality of adjacent cutting zones around the cutting area. The plurality of internal nozzles are arranged parallel to the internal laser passageway.

Abstract: An example laser tool includes a laser head to output a laser beam and a robotic arm that is articulated and that is connected to the laser head. The robotic arm includes segments that are connected by flexible joints to enable movement of the laser head in six degrees of freedom. A control system is configured to control the robotic arm to direct output of the laser beam.

Abstract: A downhole tool for repairing a tubular disposed in a wellbore includes a main body assembly configured to be positioned within the tubular, a cladding feed assembly configured to dispose a cladding material on an interior surface of the tubular, and a laser head assembly configured to direct a laser beam towards the cladding material disposed on the interior surface to thereby weld at least a portion of the cladding material to the interior surface the laser head assembly further configured to selectively adjust an area of the laser beam incident on the cladding material disposed on the interior surface of the tubular.

Abstract: A tool for trimming an interior surface in a wellbore includes a jacket configured to be mounted at an external surface of a main body. The jacket includes a proximal end and a distal end, and also includes two or more mutually detachable portions. One or more fiberoptic cables extend to the distal end of the jacket and produce a ring-shaped laser beam for trimming the interior surface in the wellbore. A related method includes: mounting a jacket at an external surface of a main body, wherein the jacket includes two or more mutually detachable portions; extending one or more fiberoptic cables to a distal end of the jacket; deploying the main body and the jacket into a wellbore; via the one or more fiberoptic cables, producing a ring-shaped laser beam; and via the ring-shaped laser beam, trimming an interior surface in the wellbore.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for transverse fracturing are disclosed. The method may include lowering a laser cutting tool into a wellbore drilled into a subsurface formation; where the laser cutting tool includes a tool body, a rotating cutting head positioned along the tool body, and an optical fiber extending through the tool body to the rotating cutting head. The method may further include directing a laser beam through the optical fiber at a first power level to the rotating cutting head, directing the laser beam from the rotating cutting head in a radially outward direction to cut into the wellbore, and rotating the rotating cutting head while directing the laser beam in the radially outward direction from the rotating cutting head to cut a first groove in the wellbore.

Abstract: A device for probing an interior of a tube includes an annular frame configured for engagement with a rotor or an orbital element mount. The annular frame presents a mounting surface. An annular buffer layer is positioned radially inward of and concentrically with the annular frame. A flexible annular sealing layer is joined with the annular buffer layer and positioned radially inward of and concentrically with the annular buffer layer. The sealing layer is configured to form a seal with the tube. A rotational layer is positioned between the annular frame and the buffer layer enabling rotation of the annular frame about the annular buffer layer. A process cartridge frame is mounted on the mounting surface and includes three or more process cartridge openings. Each of the cartridge openings is configured to receive a process cartridge. Each process cartridge is rotatively selectable via rotation of the annular frame.

Abstract: An example laser system includes one or more optical transmission media that are part of an optical path originating at a laser generator configured to generate an input laser beam. The example laser system includes an analyzer for receiving the input laser beam and for characterizing at least a profile and energy of the input laser beam. The example laser system includes a circulator for receiving the input laser beam from the analyzer and for minimizing or eliminating reflections. The example laser system includes a beam transformer for receiving the input laser beam from the circulator and for altering at least one property of the input laser beam thereby generating an output laser beam. The example laser system includes a writing head for altering at least one optical property of the beam transformer.

Abstract: A laser tool includes a tool body disposed at least partially along a central longitudinal axis, and a head unit connected to the tool body with a rotational joint. The head unit rotates around the central longitudinal axis with the rotational joint, includes a laser head to direct a laser energy toward a target and along a second longitudinal axis of the head unit. A purging nozzle, fluidly connected to a fluid source, includes a nozzle outlet oriented at an angle relative to the second longitudinal axis of the head unit, and directs fluid at an angle into a pathway of the laser energy from the laser head to bias purged material out of the pathway of the laser energy. The rotational joint supports the head unit on the tool body, and moves the head unit in a radial direction relative to the central longitudinal axis.

Abstract: A heater includes an energy source, a heating element connected to the energy source via an electric heating cable, a moisture collector positioned proximate a first axial side of the heating element, and a housing holding the heating element and the moisture collector in an axially spaced apart configuration. The moisture collector includes a wall and a filament opening encircled by and defined by the wall.

Abstract: A system for photocatalytic conversion includes a flowline, in which a production flow travels in a flow direction; and a reactor module. The reactor module includes a waveguide; a photocatalyst coupled to the waveguide, configured to convert hydrogen sulfide in the production flow to hydrogen and sulfur; a heater configured to heat a bottom of the reactor module, such that the sulfur is in liquid phase; and a sulfur collector configured to collect the sulfur. A method for photocatalytic conversion includes introducing a production flow from a flowline to a reactor module, the production flow including hydrogen sulfide and traveling in a flow direction; directing a light from a light source to a photocatalyst through a waveguide; converting the hydrogen sulfide into hydrogen and sulfur using the photocatalyst; and heating a portion of the reactor module to an elevated temperature, the sulfur in a liquid phase under the elevated temperature.

Abstract: Wellbore drilling and completion systems using a laser head implement methods of completing a wellbore. A wellbore drill bit is rotated through a subterranean zone to form a wellbore. Rotating the wellbore drill bit through the subterranean zone causes portions of the subterranean zone to be released as drill cuttings into the wellbore. A laser head, attached to the wellbore drill bit, emits a laser beam that is incident on a portion of the drill cuttings. The laser beam heats the portion of the drill cuttings to consolidate and form a casing of the wellbore.

Abstract: In one aspect, a downhole laser tool includes: a laser unit including a laser that generates a laser beam in a downhole environment of a well; a first segment including one or more lenses of the first segment, a first retractable reflector, and a first aperture, wherein the one or more lenses of the first segment and the first retractable reflector guide the laser beam to the first aperture that passes the laser beam to the downhole environment; and a first rotational joint, disposed between the laser unit and the first segment, that connects the laser unit to the first segment and rotates the first segment. The laser unit, the first rotational joint, and the first segment are disposed longitudinally along the well. During operation of the downhole laser tool, the laser unit, the first rotational joint, and the first segment navigate in the downhole environment as one integral tool.

Abstract: An in-situ cladding method including providing a pipe with a target surface with a defected area. The method also includes lowering an in-situ cladding system into the pipe. The in-situ cladding system includes a dual head laser, with primary and secondary beams, and a wire feeding system. The method also includes lowering the wire feeding system into the pipe, feeding a cladding wire onto the target surface, melting the cladding wire onto the target surface with the primary beam, and blowing gas onto the cladding wire using an internal purging system. The method further includes forcing melting of the cladding wire in a first desired direction to form a first layer, forcing melting of the cladding wire in a second desired direction to form a second layer, switching off the primary beam and switching on the secondary beam, and welding the first and second layers together using the secondary beam.

Abstract: A laser head apparatus that enables switching between a laser beam and a purging stream. The laser head apparatus includes a bracket that provides for translation and rotation of the laser optics and purging nozzle. The laser optics and purging nozzle are located on opposite sides of the bracket and may be rotated to different rotational positions around a center axis of the bracket and translated to different linear positions along a length of the bracket. Methods of removing material using the laser head apparatus to between a laser beam and a purging stream are also provided.

Abstract: A device for probing an interior of a tube includes an annular frame configured for engagement with a rotor or an orbital element mount. The annular frame presents a mounting surface. An annular buffer layer is positioned radially inward of and concentrically with the annular frame. A flexible annular sealing layer is joined with the annular buffer layer and positioned radially inward of and concentrically with the annular buffer layer. The sealing layer is configured to form a seal with the tube. A rotational layer is positioned between the annular frame and the buffer layer enabling rotation of the annular frame about the annular buffer layer. A process cartridge frame is mounted on the mounting surface and includes three or more process cartridge openings. Each of the cartridge openings is configured to receive a process cartridge. Each process cartridge is rotatively selectable via rotation of the annular frame.

Abstract: An apparatus, method, and system for monitoring wellbore deformation is disclosed. The apparatus includes an expandable annular cylindrical packer and a plurality of assemblies mounted on an exterior circumferential surface of the packer. The plurality of assemblies are configured to be pressed against a wellbore surface by the packer. Each of the assemblies includes at least one fiber-optic coil embedded in a sheet of deformable substrate, a tray-shaped receptacle formed from a low thermal conductivity material and attached along the rim to an edge of the sheet with a pressure tight-seal, and an optical coupler configured to couple the fiber-optic coil to a fiber-optic cable. The assemblies further include a pressure-tight compartment containing a high-pressure inert gas that is formed by the receptacle, the sheet, and the seal.

Abstract: A system for producing hydrocarbons from a subsurface formation includes a main wellbore, a first lateral extending off the main wellbore, the first lateral configured to produce hydrocarbons from the subsurface formation to a ground surface through the main wellbore, a second lateral extending off the main wellbore, tubing extending down the main wellbore into the second lateral, and a tool attached to the tubing.

Abstract: Wellbore drilling and completion systems implement a method of completing a wellbore. A laser head is mounted to a wellbore drilling assembly positioned within a wellbore formed in a subterranean zone. The laser head emits a first laser beam in a downhole direction within the wellbore to form the wellbore through the subterranean zone. Doing so causes portions of the subterranean zone to be released as drill cuttings into the wellbore. The laser head emits a second laser beam in a radial direction within the wellbore. The second laser beam is incident on a portion of the drill cuttings. The second laser beam causes the portion of the drill cuttings to consolidate and form a casing of the wellbore.