Abstract: A cleaning apparatus includes a first cleaning roller, and a second cleaning roller. The first cleaning roller is contrived to contact to a circumferential surface against a moving member to be cleaned and to apply a bias to the member to be cleaned while rotating such that the circumferential surface of the first cleaning roller moves in a same direction as the member to be cleaned moves. The second cleaning roller is contrived to contact to the member to be cleaned after the member has been cleaned by the first cleaning roller and to rotate such that a circumferential surface of the second cleaning roller moves in a direction opposite a direction in which the member being cleaned moves.

Abstract: In a color printing mode of an image forming apparatus, two toner images in respective colors are formed and superimposed on an intermediate transfer belt. A gap D11 between toner images of the same color is narrowed while a gap D12 between toner images of different colors is widened, thereby corresponding to the switching of developers. In a printing mode that forms a monochrome image using one developer, gaps D21, D22 between the respective toner images are the same. In a printing mode that forms a monochrome image while switching four developers, a toner image formed immediately before the switching is shifted forward, thereby widening a gap D34 from the next toner image.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes: a positioning unit which is structured so as to mount plural developers holding toner of the same color and which selectively moves and positions one of the mounted developers to a predetermined development position; an image carrier which carries toner images on its surface and which rotates in a predetermined direction; and a controller which executes an image forming operation of forming a toner image using the developer positioned at the development position and making the image carrier carry the toner image, wherein when a switching distance is defined as a distance that the surface of the image carrier moves during a switching time which is necessary to switch from the developer positioned to the development position to other developer by the positioning unit, the controller executes, as the image forming operation of forming three or more pages of toner images on the image carrier one after another while securing predetermined inter-image regions between the toner i