Abstract: An architecture for a chip-scale optical phased array-based scanning frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) Light-detection and ranging (LiDAR) device is described. The LiDAR device includes a laser, a transmit optical splitter, an optical circulator, photodetectors, and an optical phased array. The laser, the transmit optical splitter, the optical circulator, the photodetectors, and the optical phased array are arranged as a chip-scale package on a single semiconductor substrate. The laser generates a first light beam that is transmitted to the optical phased array aperture via the transmit optical splitter, the optical circulator, and the optical phased array. A fraction of the first light beam is transmitted to the photodetectors via the transmit optical splitter to serve as the optical local oscillator (LO), the aperture of the optical phased array captures a second light beam that is transmitted to the photodetectors via the optical phased array and the optical circulator.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and system for non-linear optical process. A first light of a first wavelength is routed in a first loop in a main nonlinear optical waveguide. The first loop has a first length for the first light of the first wavelength. A second light of a second wavelength is routed in a second loop that includes portions of the main nonlinear optical waveguide and a first extension optical waveguide. The second loop has a second length for the second light of the second wavelength. A third light of a third wavelength is routed in a third loop that include portions of the main nonlinear optical waveguide and a second extension optical waveguide. The third loop has a third length for the third light of the third wavelength.

Abstract: An optical waveguide structure comprises a first coupler and a second coupler that, in combination, direct a first-wavelength light to travel through a nonlinear-optical waveguide, the two couplers and an extension waveguide but not a secondary waveguide, a first resonator loop is defined for which the first-wavelength light is resonant. The two couplers, in combination, also direct a second-wavelength light to travel through the nonlinear-optical waveguide, the two couplers and the secondary waveguide but not the extension waveguide, wherein a different second resonator loop is defined for which the second-wavelength light is resonant.

Abstract: An optical waveguide structure comprises a nonlinear optical waveguide comprising a nonlinear optical material having a second order nonlinear coefficient that changes with a direction of light propagation. A first portion of the nonlinear optical waveguide in which a light propagating through the first portion is affected by a positive value of a second order nonlinear coefficient. A second portion of the nonlinear optical waveguide in which the light propagating through the first portion is affected by a negative value of a second order nonlinear coefficient, wherein a set of dimensions in the nonlinear optical waveguide in the first portion and the second portion is selected to cause the light to have a phase walk-off that is an odd multiple of 180 degrees.

Abstract: A photonic circulator deployed on a chip-scale light-detection and ranging (LiDAR) device includes a first arm that includes a first waveguide that is bonded onto a first member at a first bonding region, and a second arm that includes a second waveguide that is bonded onto a second member at a second bonding region. A first thermo-optic phase shifter is arranged on the first member and collocated with the first waveguide, and a second thermo-optic phase shifter is arranged on the second member and collocated with the second waveguide. The magneto-optic material and the first thermo-optic phase shifter of the first member cause a first phase shift in a first light beam travelling through the first waveguide, and the magneto-optic material and the second thermo-optic phase shifter of the second member cause a second phase shift in a second light beam travelling through the second waveguide.

Abstract: An optical waveguide structure comprises a nonlinear optical waveguide comprising a nonlinear optical material having a second order nonlinear coefficient that changes with a direction of light propagation. A first portion of the nonlinear optical waveguide in which a light propagating through the first portion is affected by a positive value of a second order nonlinear coefficient. A second portion of the nonlinear optical waveguide in which the light propagating through the first portion is affected by a negative value of a second order nonlinear coefficient, wherein a set of dimensions in the nonlinear optical waveguide in the first portion and the second portion is selected to cause the light to have a phase walk-off that is an odd multiple of 180 degrees.

Abstract: An optical waveguide structure comprises a first coupler and a second coupler that, in combination, direct a first-wavelength light to travel through a nonlinear-optical waveguide, the two couplers and an extension waveguide but not a secondary waveguide, a first resonator loop is defined for which the first-wavelength light is resonant. The two couplers, in combination, also direct a second-wavelength light to travel through the nonlinear-optical waveguide, the two couplers and the secondary waveguide but not the extension waveguide, wherein a different second resonator loop is defined for which the second-wavelength light is resonant.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and system for non-linear optical process. A first light of a first wavelength is routed in a first loop in a main nonlinear optical waveguide. The first loop has a first length for the first light of the first wavelength. A second light of a second wavelength is routed in a second loop that includes portions of the main nonlinear optical waveguide and a first extension optical waveguide. The second loop has a second length for the second light of the second wavelength. A third light of a third wavelength is routed in a third loop that include portions of the main nonlinear optical waveguide and a second extension optical waveguide. The third loop has a third length for the third light of the third wavelength.

Abstract: An architecture for a chip-scale optical phased array-based scanning frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) Light-detection and ranging (LiDAR) device is described. The LiDAR device includes a laser, a transmit optical splitter, an optical circulator, photodetectors, and an optical phased array. The laser, the transmit optical splitter, the optical circulator, the photodetectors, and the optical phased array are arranged as a chip-scale package on a single semiconductor substrate. The laser generates a first light beam that is transmitted to the optical phased array aperture via the transmit optical splitter, the optical circulator, and the optical phased array. A fraction of the first light beam is transmitted to the photodetectors via the transmit optical splitter to serve as the optical local oscillator (LO), the aperture of the optical phased array captures a second light beam that is transmitted to the photodetectors via the optical phased array and the optical circulator.

Abstract: A photonic circulator deployed on a chip-scale light-detection and ranging (LiDAR) device includes a first arm that includes a first waveguide that is bonded onto a first member at a first bonding region, and a second arm that includes a second waveguide that is bonded onto a second member at a second bonding region. A first thermo-optic phase shifter is arranged on the first member and collocated with the first waveguide, and a second thermo-optic phase shifter is arranged on the second member and collocated with the second waveguide. The magneto-optic material and the first thermo-optic phase shifter of the first member cause a first phase shift in a first light beam travelling through the first waveguide, and the magneto-optic material and the second thermo-optic phase shifter of the second member cause a second phase shift in a second light beam travelling through the second waveguide.

Abstract: Methods using chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of diamond deposited on a sacrificial material provide CVD diamond microchannel structures and 3-D interconnection structures of CVD diamond microfluidic channels. The sacrificial material is patterned to define locations and dimensions of the microchannels. The patterned sacrificial material is selectively removed from underneath the chemical vapor deposited (CVD) diamond to form the CVD diamond microchannels. The CVD diamond microchannels are integrated with electronic structures to provide an integral microfluidic cooling system to electronic devices.

Abstract: There are provided 3-(1,2-benzisothiazol- and isoxazol-5-yl)-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione or thione compounds of formula I and 3-(1,2-benzisothiazol- and isoxazol-5-yl)-4(3H)-pyrimidinone or thione compounds of formula II ##STR1## Further provided are compositions and methods comprising those compounds for the control of undesirable plant species.