Abstract: The disclosed calibration method includes a calibration phantom positioned on an adjustable table on the surface of a mechanical couch, with the phantom's centre at an estimated location for the iso-centre of a radio therapy treatment apparatus. The calibration phantom is then irradiated using the apparatus, and the relative location of the center of the calibration phantom and the iso-centre of the apparatus is determined by analyzing images of the irradiation of the calibration phantom. The calibration phantom is then repositioned by the mechanical couch applying an offset corresponding to the determined relative location of the centre of the calibration phantom and the iso-centre of the apparatus to the calibration phantom. Images of the relocated calibration phantom are obtained, to which the offset has been applied, and the obtained images are processed to set the co-ordinate system of a stereoscopic camera system relative to the iso-centre of the apparatus.

Abstract: Methods are provided for the synthesis of a compound of formula (X). R2 is selected from —H, —C1-C4-alkyl, —C2-C4-alkenyl and C1-C4-aryl; R3 is selected from —C(O)H and —C(O)C1-C4-alkyl; and A is a pharmaceutically acceptable anion (e.g. a halide). Also provided are intermediate compounds formed during the synthesis.