Abstract: Systems and methods are described herein to implement transverse momentum injection at low frequencies to directly modify large-scale eddies in a turbulent boundary layer on a surface of an object. A set of transverse momentum injection actuators may be positioned on the surface of the object to affect large-scale eddies in the turbulent boundary layer. The system may include a controller to selectively actuate the transverse momentum injection actuators with an actuation pattern to affect the large-scale eddies to modify the drag, fluid mixing, heat transfer, and/or other interactions of the fluid flow with the surface. In various embodiments, the transverse momentum injection actuators may be operated at frequencies less than 10,000 Hertz.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described herein to implement transverse momentum injection at low frequencies to directly modify large-scale eddies in a turbulent boundary layer on a surface of an object. A set of transverse momentum injection actuators may be positioned on the surface of the object to affect large-scale eddies in the turbulent boundary layer. The system may include a controller to selectively actuate the transverse momentum injection actuators with an actuation pattern to affect the large-scale eddies to modify the drag, fluid mixing, heat transfer, and/or other interactions of the fluid flow with the surface. In various embodiments, the transverse momentum injection actuators may be operated at frequencies less than 10,000 Hertz.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described herein to implement transverse momentum injection at low frequencies to directly modify large-scale eddies in a turbulent boundary layer on a surface of an object. A set of transverse momentum injection actuators may be positioned on the surface of the object to affect large-scale eddies in the turbulent boundary layer. The system may include a controller to selectively actuate the transverse momentum injection actuators with an actuation pattern to affect the large-scale eddies to modify the drag of the fluid flow on the surface. In various embodiments, the transverse momentum injection actuators may be operated at frequencies less than 10,000 Hertz.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described herein to implement transverse momentum injection at low frequencies to directly modify large-scale eddies in a turbulent boundary layer on a surface of an object. A set of transverse momentum injection actuators may be positioned on the surface of the object to affect large-scale eddies in the turbulent boundary layer. The system may include a controller to selectively actuate the transverse momentum injection actuators with an actuation pattern to affect the large-scale eddies to modify the drag of the fluid flow on the surface. In various embodiments, the transverse momentum injection actuators may be operated at frequencies less than 10,000 Hertz.

Abstract: A system includes a surface, an actuator, and processing circuitry. The surface includes one or more non-actuating zones and one or more actuatable zones. The actuator is configured to a flow property of a fluid that flows over the one or more actuatable zones of the surface. The processing circuitry is configured to obtain a value of a parameter of the fluid that flows over the surface, and operate the actuator to adjust the flow property of the fluid that flows over the one or more actuatable zones based on the value of the parameter of the fluid.

Abstract: A system includes a surface having a fluid flowing over the surface. The fluid includes a flow regime having a streamwise length scale greater than about 100 times ? and less than about 100,000 times ?, where ? is a viscous length scale of the flow regime, and a convective time scale greater than about 10?? and less than about 10,000??, where ?? is a viscous time scale of the flow regime. The system includes a controller that causes at least one of motion the surface to modify fluid flow in the flow regime based on the streamwise length scale and the convective time scale or motion of the flow regime based on the streamwise length scale and the convective time scale.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described herein to implement transverse momentum injection at low frequencies to directly modify large-scale eddies in a turbulent boundary layer on a surface of an object. A set of transverse momentum injection actuators may be positioned on the surface of the object to affect large-scale eddies in the turbulent boundary layer. The system may include a controller to selectively actuate the transverse momentum injection actuators with an actuation pattern to affect the large-scale eddies to modify the drag of the fluid flow on the surface. In various embodiments, the transverse momentum injection actuators may be operated at frequencies less than 10,000 Hertz.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described herein to implement transverse momentum injection at low frequencies to directly modify large-scale eddies in a turbulent boundary layer on a surface of an object. A set of transverse momentum injection actuators may be positioned on the surface of the object to affect large-scale eddies in the turbulent boundary layer. The system may include a controller to selectively actuate the transverse momentum injection actuators with an actuation pattern to affect the large-scale eddies to modify the drag of the fluid flow on the surface. In various embodiments, the transverse momentum injection actuators may be operated at frequencies less than 10,000 Hertz.

Abstract: A system includes a surface having a fluid flowing over the surface. The fluid includes a flow regime having a streamwise length scale greater than about 100 times ? and less than about 100,000 times ?, where ? is a viscous length scale of the flow regime, and a convective time scale greater than about 10?? and less than about 10,000??, where ?? is a viscous time scale of the flow regime. The system includes a controller that causes at least one of motion the surface to modify fluid flow in the flow regime based on the streamwise length scale and the convective time scale or motion of the flow regime based on the streamwise length scale and the convective time scale.