Abstract: An apparatus and method for detecting the presence and measuring the concentrations of molecules through a barrier and/or at a distance utilizes the principle of chemical/electrostatic attraction (hereinafter “affinity”), i.e., the affinity between charged atoms and molecules that cause their chemical interactions and reactions, to infer, based on the behavior of molecules on one side of the barrier, the presence and concentration of corresponding molecules on the other side of the barrier. The invention is useful, by way of example and not limitation, in non-invasively measuring glucose levels of diabetic patients.

Abstract: Relevant clinician determined diagnostic and marker information forming a patients profile are fed into a computer system containing comparative profiles. The comparative results are reported to the clinician as are recommendations for treatment and further investigation if desired. A final diagnosis is reported and treatment, if utilized, is fed back to enhance the computerized profiles.