Abstract: An artificial grow environment system includes a luminaire, a constant current LED driver, a first light sensor, a hemispherical incident and translucent light housing, a second light sensor isolated from all light and a circuit configured to supply 0 to 10 VDC to the dimming input of the constant current LED driver such that the LED light is linearly dimmed, from full-on to full-off, in inverse proportion to an amount of ambient light received by the first light sensor as temperature-compensated in accordance with data collected by the second light sensor. The luminaire includes a light shield housing at least one LED light. The first light sensor, surrounded by a hemispherical incident, translucent light housing, is coupled to the light shield and separated from the LED light so as to be isolated from the LED light and receive ambient light in the artificial grow environment.

Abstract: An example adaptive Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR) sensor and controller system includes a hemispherical incident, translucent light housing that accepts light from above or from the sides in an artificial grow environment. A linear light sensor is positioned to receive light for the artificial grow environment, and an identical light sensor that is isolated from all light for the artificial grow environment. The identical light sensor functions as a temperature compensation device for the active photosensitive cell, A circuit supplies 0 to 10 VDC to a dimming input of a constant current LED driver to linearly dim an LED light according to at least measured intensity of light, from full-on to full-off as a direct inverse of the amount of sunlight received by linear light sensor, so that more sunlight causes more dimming of the LED light until at a predetermined threshold, the LED light is shut completely off.

Abstract: A triangular extrusion is disclosed which reflects a significant portion of the light into the plant canopy. By the geometry of a triangular extrusion with reflective sides, only a small portion of the light is absorbed and most of the light is reflected into the canopy. An example shade and shadow minimizing extrusion luminaire for a plant canopy includes a reflector and a housing. The housing has two triangular shape ends The triangular shape is defined by angles selected to redirect light impinging on a face of the triangular shape ends of the housing, in both a downward and horizontal direction into the plant canopy without blocking or sacrificing the light.

Abstract: A magnesium fuel cell with removable anodes and cathodes wherein the cathodes are enclosed in flat or curved frames or fixtures that are easily replaceable when damaged. The cathodes are designed to be particularly durable for heavy use. Multiple redundancies are incorporated that make the fuel cell less likely to fail and more suitable for use in places where other power sources are not available. The fuel cell is adapted for long use at low voltage levels and with a secondary battery with higher voltage that is continuously charged that in turn, can be used to charge other batteries.