Abstract: A food emulsion casing end-closure, and the method of making it, are disclosed. The end-closure is formed of a twist knot through which an air escape aperture is extended. The twist knot forms part of a wadding which is stuffed into the bore of a shirred casing stick and interference fitted therewith. The wadding acts as a shock absorber for the initial shock of extruded food emulsion and serves as means to enhance the consistency of that initial portion of extruded food emulsion. The twist knot is sufficiently tight that it can serve as a permanent end-closure or it may readily be opened by untwisting. Also provided is a lock means for maintaining the twist knot as such.

Abstract: A method and device for everting flexible tubular members, such as food casings and the like, is disclosed wherein a tubular member is axially displaced by a frictional engagement means, which means is deposed in a distal end portion of the member, and which frictionally engages the interior surface of said member and displaces said member to a point where the member is folded back over itself (everted) and then displaces said everted member, from the point of everting over the exterior surface of the noneverted tubular member.

Abstract: This relates to method and apparatus for the packaging of a tubular shirred casing strand within a wrap sleeve. The wrap sleeve is provided with end portions which extend beyond the casing strand, and these end portions are heated and folded and deformed by way of a plunger which functions as a piston within a mold structure so as to define a rigid substantially solid end cap which is integral with the wrap sleeve.

Abstract: This relates to the packaging of a tubular shirred casing strand within a wrap sleeve. The wrap sleeve is provided with end portions which extend beyond the casing strand, and these end portions are heated and folded and deformed by way of a plunger which functions as a piston within a mold structure so as to define a rigid substantially solid end cap which is integral with the wrap sleeve. This abstract forms no part of the specification of this application and is not to be construed as limiting the claims of the application.

Abstract: This relates to the packaging of a casing stick within a sheathing in a manner wherein the casing stick may be readily handled in the required manner without undue damage to that end which is to be telescoped over the filling horn, while at the same time permitting the casing stick to be subjected to desired treatments such as moisturizing as is required, prior to the filling of the casing with a selected product. One end of the casing stick is provided with a calibrated ring which includes a sleeve that telescopes within the end of the casing stick and which has at one end a flange of a size generally to prevent external damage to the pleats of the casing stick. The sheathing of the package is inter-wound with the calibrated ring and the calibrated ring is provided with resilient fingers for locking the calibrated ring and the sheathing material on the filling horn.