Abstract: A magnetic recording medium is constructed to include a substrate, and a magnetic layer disposed above the substrate, wherein the magnetic layer has an initial layer on a side closer to the substrate and a final layer on a side opposite from the substrate with respect to the initial layer. The initial layer is made of a CoCrB-based alloy having a thickness of 1 to 10 nm, and the final layer is made of a Co-based alloy having a thickness of 5 to 30 nm.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium is constructed to include at least one exchange layer structure and a magnetic layer provided on the exchange layer structure, where the exchange layer structure includes a ferromagnetic layer and a non-magnetic coupling layer provided on the ferromagnetic layer, and a magnetic bonding layer provided between the ferromagnetic layer and the non-magnetic coupling layer and/or between the non-magnetic coupling layer and the magnetic layer, wherein the magnetic bonding layer has a magnetization direction parallel to the ferromagnetic layer and the magnetic layer.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium is constructed to include a substrate, a magnetic layer made of a Co or Co-based alloy, and an underlayer disposed between the substrate and the magnetic layer. The underlayer is made of an ordered intermetallic material of FCC L12 or FCT L10 crystalline structure, so that c-axis of the magnetic layer is aligned in a predetermined direction.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium has first, second and third magnetic layers having magnetization directions which are alternately antiparallel in a state where no external magnetic field is applied on the magnetic recording medium, with a first nonmagnetic layer interposed between the first and second magnetic layers and a second nonmagnetic layer interposed between the second and third magnetic layers. A relationship Ms2×t2<(Ms1×t1+Ms3×t3) stands, where Ms1, Ms2 and Ms3, and t1, t2 and t2 respectively denote saturation magnetizations and thicknesses of the first, second and third magnetic layers.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium is constructed to include a substrate, a magnetic layer made of a Co or Co-based alloy, and an underlayer disposed between the substrate and the magnetic layer. The underlayer is made of an ordered intermetallic material of FCC L12 or FCT L10 crystalline structure.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium is provided with at least one exchange layer structure, and a magnetic layer formed on the exchange layer structure. The exchange layer structure includes a ferromagnetic layer, and a non-magnetic coupling layer provided on the ferromagnetic layer and under the magnetic layer. The ferromagnetic layer and the magnetic layer have antiparallel magnetizations.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium is provided with at least one exchange layer structure, and a magnetic layer formed on the exchange layer structure. The exchange layer structure includes a ferromagnetic layer, and a non-magnetic coupling layer provided on the ferromagnetic layer and under the magnetic layer. The ferromagnetic layer and the magnetic layer have antiparallel magnetizations.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium includes a non-magnetic substrate having a top surface subjected to a texturing process in one direction, a seed layer provided on the top surface of the substrate and made of Cr or a Cr-based alloy having a (002) crystal face which is approximately parallel to the top surface of the substrate, an underlayer, provided on the seed layer and having a B2 crystal structure, and a magnetic layer provided above the underlayer, and made of a Co-based alloy.

Abstract: Disclosed are created stable polypeptides which are capable of inducing the production of interferon-gamma by immunocompetent cells. The present polypeptides contain specific amino acid sequences usually derived from the wild-type polypeptides, being capable of the production of interferon-gamma, by replacing the cysteine(s) with different amino acid(s). The present polypeptides possess a stability and an activity of inducing the production of IFN-&ggr; by immunocompetent cells, both of which are significantly higher than those of the wild-type polypeptides. In addition to the activity, the present polypeptides can exhibit remarkable activities of inducing the formation of killer cells and enhancing thier cytotoxicities. The present polypeptides are easily obtainable by the process according to the present invention using recombinant DNA techniques.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium is constructed to include a substrate, a magnetic layer made of a Co or Co-based alloy, and an underlayer disposed between the substrate and the magnetic layer. The underlayer is made of an ordered intermetallic material of FCC L12 or FCT L10 crystalline structure, so that c-axis of the magnetic layer is aligned in a predetermined direction.

Abstract: A magnetic storage medium has a non-magnetic substrate and a recording layer. The recording layer comprises a non-magnetic matrix and crystal grains consisting of a ferromagnetic material. Each of the crystal grains dispersed in the recording layer is a columnar shaped grain which penetrates a suface of the recording layer and has height of 30 nm or less, and a mean value of grain sizes of the crystal grains in an internal direction of the recording layer is 15 nm or less. (Ku·V)/(kB·T) is not less than 60. A mean value Hk of anisotropic magnetic fields of the plurality of crystal grains is 20 kOe or less.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium is constructed to include at least one exchange layer structure and a magnetic layer provided on the exchange layer structure. The exchange layer structure includes a ferromagnetic layer and a non-magnetic coupling layer provided on the ferromagnetic layer. At least one of the ferromagnetic layer and the magnetic layer has a granular layer structure in which ferromagnetic crystal grains are uniformly distributed within a non-magnetic base material.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium is constructed to include a non-magnetic underlayer, and a magnetic layer including a compensation layer provided on the nonmagnetic underlayer, and a recording layer provided on the compensation layer, where the compensation layer has a thickness of 3 to 15 nm and is made of Co or a Co alloy with a Curie temperature of approximately 30 to 150° C., and the recording layer has a thickness of 10 to 30 nm and is made of a Co alloy with a Curie temperature of approximately 250 to 800° C.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium has a construction in which on a non-magnetic support member are successively stacked a seed layer made of a non-magnetic material that is mainly composed of Cr, a keeper layer made of an NiFe-type soft magnetic material, an intermediate layer made of a non-magnetic material that is mainly composed of Cr and a recording layer made of a magnetic material that is mainly composed of Co.

Abstract: There is provided a magnetic storage medium capable of recording information at high recording density and also to regenerating the information with a high quality of signal (high S/Nm), and in addition contributing to the elongation of a life span of the recorded information. The magnetic storage medium comprises a non-magnetic substrate and a magnetic recording layer provided on the substrate. The magnetic recording layer has a ferromagnetic grain consisting of a ferromagnetic material and an antiferromagnetic matrix consisting of an antiferromagnetic material.

Abstract: There is provided a magnetic storage medium capable of recording information at high recording density and also regenerating the information with a high quality of signal (high S/Nm), and in addition contributing to the elongation of a life span of the recorded information. The magnetic storage medium comprises a non-magnetic substrate, a plurality of magnetic recording layers of ferromagnetism formed on the non-magnetic substrate, and a dividing layer of antiferromagnetism for dividing said plurality of magnetic recording layers from one another through intervening between the magnetic recording layer-to-layer.

Abstract: In a magnetic recording medium including an underlayer made of an anti-ferromagnetic material and a magnetic recording layer made of a material containing cobalt as the principal component that are serially disposed on a non-magnetic substrate, an intermediate layer made of a ferromagnetic material is sandwiched between the underlayer and the magnetic recording layer. A magnetic recording medium capable of providing an improved S/N ratio and high-density recording is provided. A production method for such a magnetic recording medium and a magnetic storage apparatus using the same are also provided.

Abstract: Disclosed are created stable polypeptides which are capable of inducing the production of interferon-gamma by immunocompetent cells. The present polypeptides contain specific amino acid sequences usually derived from the wild-type polypeptides, being capable of the production of interferon-gamma, by replacing the cysteine(s) with different amino acid(s). The present polypeptides possess a stability and an activity of inducing the production of IFN-&ggr; by immunocompetent cells, both of which are significantly higher than those of the wild-type polypeptides. In addition to the activity, the present polypeptides can exhibit remarkable activities of inducing the formation of killer cells and enhancing thier cytotoxicities. The present polypeptides are easily obtainable by the process according to the present invention using recombinant DNA techniques.

Abstract: There is provided a magnetic storage medium capable of recording information at high recording density and also to regenerating the information with a high quality of signal (high S/Nm), and in addition contributing to the elongation of a life span of the recorded information. The magnetic storage medium comprises a non-magnetic substrate and a magnetic recording layer provided on the substrate. The magnetic recording layer has a ferromagnetic grain consisting of a ferromagnetic material and an antiferromagnetic matrix consisting of an antiferromagnetic material.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium and a magnetic disk device using the same. The magnetic recording medium comprising a nonmagnetic substrate having applied thereon, through two or more chromium-based underlayers, a magnetic recording layer having a circumferential direction of easy magnetization and containing cobalt as a principal component thereof, and also containing chromium and platinum in combination with tantalum or tantalum and niobium. Using the magnetic recording medium, a reproducing output and S/N ratio can be increased without causing an increase in noise.