Abstract: A method and system is described for using radar to provide non-contact detection of human breathing at a distance. Radar data is processed to remove clutter and enable detection of a breathing signal. The breathing signal can be used to determine breathing rate or posture of the target. Static obstructions can be removed from the radar data to identify target breathing signal. The system and method can be applicable to emergency response, home or institutional monitoring applications and for detection of medical conditions.

Abstract: Systems, methods and devices relating to a physiological sensor system to be worn on a subject's skin to measure, process or store one or more physiological parameters, the system comprising: at least one pair of sensing electrodes that measure, when in contact with the subject's skin, physiological signals indicative of the one or more physiological parameters; first and second reference electrodes that concurrently provide a source signal and a reference signal for said sensing electrodes in their measurement of the one or more physiological parameters; and a subject-securing device for securing said sensing electrodes and said first and second reference electrodes against the subject's skin in operation.

Abstract: A method and system is described for using radar to provide non-contact detection of human breathing at a distance. Radar data is processed to remove clutter and enable detection of a breathing signal. The breathing signal can be used to determine breathing rate or posture of the target. Static obstructions can be removed from the radar data to identify target breathing signal. The system and method can be applicable to emergency response, home or institutional monitoring applications and for detection of medical conditions.

Abstract: A method for determining brain state has the steps of attaching at least 2 first electrodes to the scalp of a subject at a separation, transmitting an electrical current between the at least 2 first electrodes, and measuring a first impedance between the at least 2 first electrodes to provide a resulting impedance. One embodiment has the further step of comparing the resulting impedance to pre-stored impedance measurements of the scalp to determine normal or pathological state. A further embodiment has the steps of attaching 2 first electrodes to the scalp of a subject at a separation and 2 second electrodes, transmitting a current between the first electrodes and measuring a first impedance between the second electrodes to provide a resulting impedance. The electrodes may be driven shield electrodes, and the method may further include comparing impedance measurements to pre-stored impedance measurements to determine normal and pathological state.

Abstract: A device for cranial nerve stimulation of an individual is disclosed, having a signal driver unit for producing a current; an intraoral stimulation board having at least one primary electrode, and at least one secondary electrode positioned on the individual for communicating a current through the individual, wherein current can flow between the intraoral stimulation board and the secondary electrode. The device may be used to treat a number of ailments. In one embodiment, the device provides input representing two planes of movement, or is used as a gaming controller. A method of using an electrical stimulation system is also disclosed, comprising the steps of: a) positioning the intraoral stimulation board within the individual's mouth; b) connecting the secondary electrode to the individual; c) operating the signal driver unit for a predetermined time to provide a current flow between the intraoral stimulation board and the secondary electrode.

Abstract: A device for cranial nerve stimulation of an individual is disclosed, having a signal driver unit for producing a current; an intraoral stimulation board having at least one primary electrode, and at least one secondary electrode positioned on the individual for communicating a current through the individual, wherein current can flow between the intraoral stimulation board and the secondary electrode. The device may be used to treat a number of ailments. In one embodiment, the device provides input representing two planes of movement, or is used as a gaming controller. A method of using an electrical stimulation system is also disclosed, comprising the steps of: a) positioning the intraoral stimulation board within the individual's mouth; b) connecting the secondary electrode to the individual; c) operating the signal driver unit for a predetermined time to provide a current flow between the intraoral stimulation board and the secondary electrode.

Abstract: Apparatus, method, and software for electrocardiogram-assisted non-invasive arterial blood pressure d stiffness measurement is disclosed including brachial cuff with flexible electrodes, control box with rigid electrodes, and associated hardware/software. Cuff is wrapped around upper arm while electrodes on device are touched with fingers of other hand. Device acquires simultaneous ECG/oscillometric data during cuff deflation. Processing unit determines ECG R-peak positions to isolate arterial pulses and calculate pulse transit time. Change in pulse amplitude as function of cuff pressure is used for constructing oscillometric envelope and calculating blood pressure using empirical coefficients. Change in pulse transit time as function of cuff pressure is used independently for constructing pulse transit time envelopes and finding blood pressure with/without empirical coefficients. Fusion algorithm combines results for robust blood pressure and vessel stiffness evaluation.

Abstract: A bio-electrode for conveying electrical signals to, or from a body is constructed with two components, a pre-laminated member and a re-usable electrode assembly. The pre-laminated member comprises a first substrate layer and a second electrolyte-containing layer. The substrate contacts the body and is constructed of a material that is biocompatible, hydrophilic and inherently electrically semi-conductive or conductive. The electrolyte-containing layer, which does not contact the body, is composed of an adhesive, electrolytic hydrogel. Small amounts of moisture and electrolytes from the hydrogel diffuse into the substrate thereby reducing and stabilizing the substrate's electrical resistance. The pre-laminated member can be used with existing re-usable electrode assemblies.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for the non-invasive analysis of physiological attributes, such as heart rate, blood pressure, cardiac output, respiratory response, body composition, and blood chemistry analytes including glucose, lactate, hemoglobin, and oxygen saturation. Using a combination of multi-functioning disparate sensors, such as optical and electrical, improvements are made over existing physiological measurement devices and techniques. The special configuration of one or more multi-functional sensors is used to non-invasively measure multi-wavelength optical plus one or more of ECG, Bio-impedance, and RF-impedance spectroscopic data.

Abstract: A bio-monitor is built into a telephone handset or cell phone. Sensors are configured to obtain bio-signals while the handset or cell phone is in the position for normal speaking use of the telephonic device. This enables biosignal acquisition and/or bio-signal telephonic transmission to occur without the need for a position change to effect voice communications. The invention can also be constructed in the form of a case or harness designed to fit over a preexisting cell phone or a pre-existing telephone handset.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for the non-invasive analysis of physiological attributes, such as heart rate, blood pressure, cardiac output, respiratory response, body composition, and blood chemistry analytes including glucose, lactate, hemoglobin, and oxygen saturation. Using a combination of multi-functioning disparate sensors, such as optical and electrical, improvements are made over existing physiological measurement devices and techniques. The special configuration of one or more multi-functional sensors is used to non-invasively measure multi-wavelength optical plus one or more of ECG, Bio-impedance, and RF-impedance spectroscopic data.

Abstract: A bio-electrode for detecting heart signals and the like comprises a dry electode surface having an elevated resistivity to reduce the effect of polarization noise. The electrode is combined with a circuit having an external discharge resistor across which an output signal is obtained wherein the discharge resistor has a value which reduces the time constant of polarization noise to less than one second.

Abstract: An electric field sensor employs a capacitive pick-up electrode in a voltage divider network connected to a body emanating an electric field. The system is relatively insensitive to variations in the separation gap between electrode and body, reducing sensor motion artifacts in the output signal and stabilizing its low frequency response. The pick-up electrode may be positioned at a “stand off” location, spaced from intimate contact with the surface of the body. This is equivalent to providing low level capacitive values for the capacitive coupling between the pick-up electrode and the body whose electric field is to be monitored. Or a series limiting capacitor may be provided in the input stage. Human body-generated electrical signals may be acquired without use of conductive gels and suction-based electrodes, without direct electrical contact to the body, and even through thin layers of clothing.

Abstract: A bio-electrode (54) for obtaining ECG's and EEG's is enhanced by a cushioning layer (51) placed intermediate the body (3) and electrode (54). This enhancement layer (51) can carry and release water or moisture into the electrode-to-body interface. Moisture provided to this interface is ionically conductive, reducing tribo-electric noise. A bio-electrode so enhanced can obtain signals through clothing.