Abstract: A wing-drive mechanism includes at least one sub-mechanism having a motor that drives a drive shaft in a single direction. The sub-mechanism includes a converter means for converting the rotary motion of the drive shaft to a linear or arcuate back-and-forth motion; amplitude control means for controllably varying the extent of the linear or arcuate back-and-forth motion produced by the converter means; and a rotatably mounted output mechanism engaged with the converter means such that when the converter means produces the linear or arcuate back-and-forth motion, a corresponding alternating rotary motion is imparted to the output mechanism. In other embodiments, the invention is also a wing-drive mechanism and a method for configuring pairs of wing-drive mechanisms.

Abstract: A wing-drive mechanism includes at least one sub-mechanism having a motor that drives a drive shaft in a single direction. The sub-mechanism includes a converter means for converting the rotary motion of the drive shaft to a linear or arcuate back-and-forth motion; amplitude control means for controllably varying the extent of the linear or arcuate back-and-forth motion produced by the converter means; and a rotatably mounted output mechanism engaged with the converter means such that when the converter means produces the linear or arcuate back-and-forth motion, a corresponding alternating rotary motion is imparted to the output mechanism. In other embodiments, the invention is also a wing-drive mechanism and a method for configuring pairs of wing-drive mechanisms.

Abstract: A wing-drive mechanism is described that permits, with proper control, movement of a wing about multiple wing trajectories. The wing-drive is capable of independent movement about three rotational degrees of movement; movement about a flap axis is independent of movement about a yaw axis, and both are independent of changes in the pitch of the wing. Methods of controlling the wing-drive mechanism to affect a desired wing trajectory include the use of a non-linear automated controller that generates input signals to the wing-drive mechanism by comparing actual and desired wing trajectories in real time. Specification of wing trajectories is preferably also accomplished in real time using an automated trajectory specification system, which can include a fuzzy logic processor or a neural network.

Abstract: A wing-drive mechanism is described that permits, with proper control, movement of a wing about multiple wing trajectories. The wing-drive is capable of independent movement about three rotational degrees of movement; movement about a flap axis is independent of movement about a yaw axis, and both are independent of changes in the pitch of the wing. Methods of controlling the wing-drive mechanism to affect a desired wing trajectory include the use of a non-linear automated controller that generates input signals to the wing-drive mechanism by comparing actual and desired wing trajectories in real time. Specification of wing trajectories is preferably also accomplished in real time using an automated trajectory specification system, which can include a fuzzy logic processor or a neural network.

Abstract: A wind-driven electrical power-generating device has a wind turbine (11) connected to an electrical generator (12), with both the wind turbine (11) and the generator (12) being mounted on a support structure (14) with freedom of movement through 360° in the horizontal plane such that, in use the wind turbine (11) locates downwind of the support structure (14) in a self-orientating manner. The wind turbine (11) is in the form of a housing (16) having an air intake (17) and an air outlet (19) and a plurality of turbine blades (21), located therebetween in the form of a ring (35). A recovery ring of turbine blades (48) is located aft of the turbine blade ring (35). Passage of air over a vortex generator (23), mounted on an outer surface (24) of the housing (16), results in the formation of a vortex downwind of the air outlet (19).

Abstract: A wing-drive mechanism is described that permits, with proper control, movement of a wing about multiple wing trajectories. The wing-drive is capable of independent movement about three rotational degrees of movement; movement about a flap axis is independent of movement about a yaw axis, and both are independent of changes in the pitch of the wing. Methods of controlling the wing-drive mechanism to affect a desired wing trajectory include the use of a non-linear automated controller that generates input signals to the wing-drive mechanism by comparing actual and desired wing trajectories in real time. Specification of wing trajectories is preferably also accomplished in real time using an automated trajectory specification system, which can include a fuzzy logic processor or a neural network. A vehicle that derives controlled motion as a whole from the wing-drive mechanism is also disclosed.

Abstract: A wing-drive mechanism is described that permits, with proper control, movement of a wing about multiple wing trajectories. The wing-drive is capable of independent movement about three rotational degrees of movement; movement about a flap axis is independent of movement about a yaw axis, and both are independent of changes in the pitch of the wing. Methods of controlling the wing-drive mechanism to affect a desired wing trajectory include the use of a non-linear automated controller that generates input signals to the wing-drive mechanism by comparing actual and desired wing trajectories in real time. Specification of wing trajectories is preferably also accomplished in real time using an automated trajectory specification system, which can include a fuzzy logic processor or a neural network.

Abstract: A wing-drive mechanism is described that permits, with proper control, movement of a wing about multiple wing trajectories. The wing-drive is capable of independent movement about three rotational degrees of movement; movement about a flap axis is independent of movement about a yaw axis, and both are independent of changes in the pitch of the wing. Methods of controlling the wing-drive mechanism to affect a desired wing trajectory include the use of a non-linear automated controller that generates input signals to the wing-drive mechanism by comparing actual and desired wing trajectories in real time. Specification of wing trajectories is preferably also accomplished in real time using an automated trajectory specification system, which can include a fuzzy logic processor or a neural network.

Abstract: A wing-drive mechanism is described that permits, with proper control, movement of a wing about multiple wing trajectories. The wing-drive is capable of independent movement about three rotational degrees of movement; movement about a flap axis is independent of movement about a yaw axis, and both are independent of changes in the pitch of the wing. Methods of controlling the wing-drive mechanism to affect a desired wing trajectory include the use of a non-linear automated controller that generates input signals to the wing-drive mechanism by comparing actual and desired wing trajectories in real time. Specification of wing trajectories is preferably also accomplished in real time using an automated trajectory specification system, which can include a fuzzy logic processor or a neural network. A vehicle that derives controlled motion as a whole from the wing-drive mechanism is also disclosed.

Abstract: A wing-drive mechanism is described that permits, with proper control, movement of a wing about multiple wing trajectories. The wing-drive is capable of independent movement about three rotational degrees of movement; movement about a flap axis is independent of movement about a yaw axis, and both are independent of changes in the pitch of the wing. Methods of controlling the wing-drive mechanism to affect a desired wing trajectory include the use of a non-linear automated controller that generates input signals to the wing-drive mechanism by comparing actual and desired wing trajectories in real time. Specification of wing trajectories is preferably also accomplished in real time using an automated trajectory specification system, which can include a fuzzy logic processor or a neural network. A vehicle that derives controlled motion as a whole from the wing-drive mechanism is also disclosed.

Abstract: Aqueous compositions containing as essential ingredients; an alkanolamine, an aliphatic carboxylic acid containing 5 to 18 carbon atoms, and an arylenetriazole have been found effective in removing resin-containing sealants from the surfaces of zinc containing metals, such as galvanized steel, without causing changes in the surfaces of the metal, so that phosphate coatings which are subsequently applied to said surfaces are neither streaky nor spotty.

Abstract: In a process wherein a resinous coating is formed on a metallic surface by immersing the surface in an acidic aqueous coating composition containing dispersed particles of resin, wherein said composition forms on said surface a resinous coating which increases in thickness the longer the surface is immersed in the composition and wherein the resinous coating is contacted with an aqueous solution containing Cr in order to improve properties (e.g. corrosion resistance), the surface slip of the applied coating is increased by having dispersed in the Cr-containing solution a polymer which has a lower coefficient of friction than the applied resinous coating.

Abstract: A metallic substrate is cleaned and then pretreated with an aqueous acidic solution for the purpose of reducing or preventing the formation of pinholes in a subsequently applied coating formed by an acidic aqueous coating composition containing dispersed particles of an organic coating-forming material and of the type which forms on a metallic surface immersed therein an organic coating which increases in thickness the longer the surface is immersed in the coating composition.

Abstract: In a process wherein a resinous coating is formed on a metallic surface by immersing the surface in an acidic aqueous coating composition containing dispersed particles of resin, wherein said composition forms on said surface a resinous coating which increases in thickness the longer the surface is immersed in the composition and wherein the resinous coating is contacted with an aqueous solution containing Cr in order to improve properties (e.g., corrosion resistance), the surface slip of the applied coating is increased by having dispersed in the Cr-containing solution a polymer which has a lower coefficient of friction than the applied resinous coating.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for emplacing a liner in a conduit in a well penetrating subterranean formations characterized by suspending at a predetermined depth in the well at least one annular liner having an annular body portion and an adjacent, concentrically disposed swage means that is adapted for being driven interiorly of the body portion for expanding the latter outwardly into contact with the conduit; firing a setting tool in the method to drive the swage means concentrically interiorly of the body portion; and removing the setting tool, leaving the swage and the body portion set in the conduit with a large bore penetrating longitudinally thereof. Also disclosed are straddle patches having a liner at each end, either set in a unitary operation or set by a two-step operation; other combinations employing the liners and the specific apparatus for setting the liners.