Abstract: An evaporative emissions control system for small internal combustion engines, including a charcoal canister which is in fluid communication with the air space above the liquid fuel within the carburetor of the engine and the air space above the liquid fuel within the fuel tank of the engine. The charcoal canister contains charcoal media, and when the engine is not running, fuel vapors from the carburetor and the fuel tank migrate to, and are trapped within, the charcoal media of the charcoal canister. The charcoal canister may comprise a separate component, or may be integrally formed with an engine component such as the air cleaner, the carburetor, or the body of the fuel tank, for example. During running of the engine, vacuum within the carburetor induces a flow of atmospheric air through the charcoal canister to purge the collected fuel vapors from the charcoal media, and the fuel vapors pass into the engine for consumption.

Abstract: An evaporative emissions control system for small internal combustion engines. The system generally includes a charcoal canister and a carburetor with a fuel circuit shutoff valve. The charcoal canister is in fluid communication with the air space above the liquid fuel within the engine fuel tank, and optionally, with the air space above the liquid fuel within the fuel bowl of a fuel bowl-type carburetor. The charcoal canister contains charcoal media which absorbs fuel vapors when the engine is not running. During running of the engine, vacuum within the carburetor induces a flow of atmospheric air through the charcoal canister to purge the collected fuel vapors from the charcoal media, and the fuel vapors pass into the engine for consumption. The carburetor of the engine, which may be either a fuel bowl-type carburetor or a diaphragm carburetor, includes a fuel circuit shutoff valve controlled either by a vacuum signal produced within the engine or by a user-actuated mechanical linkage.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine is provided with an air compressor that receives precharged air from the crankcase of the engine. By providing pressurized air to the air compressor, the mass flow through the compressor can be increased without requiring an increase in the size of the compressor. The plurality of crankcase chambers of the engine can be connected to a common manifold chamber which, in turn, can be connected to the air inlet of the compressor. The air outlet of the compressor can be connected to a plenum chamber that is, in turn, connected to all of the fuel injectors of a fuel injected engine. Alternatively, the air outlet of the compressor can be used to provide pressurized air to other portions of the engine, whether it is fuel injected or carbureted.

Abstract: A fuel system uses a vacuum source to draw fuel from a fuel tank into a fuel reservoir. By avoiding the need for a fuel tank to pump fuel from the fuel tank to the fuel reservoir, a common incidence of vapor lock is prevented. The vacuum is provided by a crankcase of a compressor.

Abstract: The radial internal combustion engine has two pairs of opposed cylinders arranged on axes at 90 degrees to one another. Each pair of cylinders has opposed pistons, interconnected by a piston rod and scotch-yoke assembly. A piston rod is rigidly connected to each piston and extends inwardly to a heel having a load face transverse the axis of the crankshaft. A pair of rollers are mounted on the throw of the crankshaft with each roller being in alignment with and engaged by the load faces of a pair of the piston rods. Apertured retention plates on each side of each roller are fixed to the heels. The rollers engage the load faces. The crankshaft extends through the apertures in the retention plates and the plates are fixed to the heels by dowel pins positively locating and spacing the heels and the retention plates.

Abstract: The invention provides an internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder block having therein a bore and first, second and third openings each communicating with the bore. A cover member having therein first and second cavities is removably attachable on the cylinder block with the first cavity communicating with the first bore opening and the second cavity communicating with each of the second and third bore openings. The cover member cavities and the associated bore openings together form passages communicating with the bore.

Abstract: A preformed cylinder liner for an internal combustion engine comprises a cylindrical sleeve including a sidewall defining a bore having oppositely spaced ends, the sidewall having therein a port. An exhaust passage integral with the sleeve communicates with the bore through the port. The exhaust passage includes an end portion extending outwardly of the sleeve sidewall and axially toward one of the bore ends. A cylinder block fabricated separately from the pre-formed cylinder liner has therein an interior chamber having a liner-receiving portion which accommodates the removable placement of the cylinder liner substantially wholly within the confines of the liner-receiving portion of the interior chamber, with the bore of the liner sealed from communication with the liner-receiving portion of the interior block chamber. The liner-receiving portion of the interior chamber is adapted to be connected to a source of liquid coolant. Direct cooling of the entire cylinder liner can be thereby provided.