Abstract: Various flowmeters (10, 70, 110, 120) each have an ESR sensor (13, 73, 112, 121) for measuring the crude oil fraction and/or velocity of a fluid containing crude oil. In combination with an NMR sensor or other sensors, a complete set of flow fraction, flow velocity, and flow rate measurements can be obtained for multiphase fluids containing gas, oil, water or any combination thereof.

Abstract: Various flowmeters (10, 70, 80) each have at least one NMR sensor (12, 72, 82) for measuring the various flow parameters of a flowing fluid. The NMR sensor may be used to provide a gradient magnetic field, which provides separate velocities when the fluid is multiphase (FIG. 10). The flowmeters may also be used to measure flow rate directly. The flowmeters may also be used to determine the separate flow fractions of a multiphase fluid.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for determining the presence of certain elements or compounds within an object, wherein the object under examination contains both nuclei of a first type which exhibit nuclear magnetic resonance and nuclei of a second type which exhibit nuclear quadrupolar resonance. The apparatus and method involve subjecting the object to a magnetic field and to a radiation beam whose characteristics in the presence of a magnetic field and in the absence of a magnetic field can be measured. The radiation transmission and/or absorption "fingerprint" of a particular substance is experimentally determined and recorded in the presence of a magnetic field calculated to optimize a cross coupling between nuclei of the first (NMR) type and nuclei of the second (NQR) type. This reference is then utilized later as a basis on which to identify an unknown compound exhibiting the same radiation absorption and/or transmission characteristics in response to the same or similar magnetic field intensity.