Abstract: A selective catalytic reduction apparatus has at least first and last catalyst layers in series for reducing nitrogen oxides in a flue gas, at least one interstage heat exchanger located after the first layer and before the last layer, that lowers flue gas temperature, and that acts as a mixing body to lower the standard deviation of the NH3/NO ratio entering catalyst layers after the first catalyst layer, thus providing better consumption of both ammonia and NOx in the reactor than would be achieved in the absence of the at least one interstage heat exchanger.

Abstract: A method of cooling a data center can include: extracting compressed air from a storage vessel or process stream, expanding the air to lower a pressure of the air, with the ratio of the pressure of air after expansion to the pressure of air before expansion being the critical pressure ratio, defining choked flow, providing a constant mass rate of cooling air, thus lowering a temperature of the air; and dispersing the expanded air through a heat sink onto a microprocessor or other heat generating component of a server or a storage device, thus cooling the microprocessor or the other heat generating component of the server or the storage device.

Abstract: Chemical looping combustion of coal utilizing a rotating regenerative assembly to expose coal particles to alternating conditions of oxidation and regeneration.

Abstract: A method for conducting engineering process analysis is a unified part of evaluating buy/sell transactions for non-commodity materials or items and is particularly suited to the matching of buyers and sellers for non-commodity materials or items, defined as materials or items that cannot solely be distinguished by price alone, in that subtle differences in features or chemical/physical characteristics will influence the performance of a particular process or design that utilizes the material or item. In the system, databases describing the materials or items available in a marketplace are linked with an automated methodology to evaluate the performance of a process or design with any one or combination of the materials or items. Accordingly, an “intelligent exchange”, is provided in which key decision support tools enable the procurement of the material or item optimal with respect to the performance of the process.

Abstract: Methods, systems and apparatus for combining a thermal power plant with at least one data center.

Abstract: A selective catalytic reduction apparatus has at least first and last catalyst layers in series for reducing nitrogen oxides in a flue gas, at least one interstage heat exchanger located after the first layer and before the last layer, that lowers flue gas temperature, and that acts as a mixing body to lower the standard deviation of the NH3/NO ratio entering catalyst layers after the first catalyst layer, thus providing better consumption of both ammonia and NOx in the reactor than would be achieved in the absence of the at least one interstage heat exchanger.

Abstract: A selective catalytic reduction apparatus has at least first and last catalyst layers in series for reducing nitrogen oxides in a flue gas, at least one interstage heat exchanger located after the first layer and before the last layer, that lowers flue gas temperature, and that acts as a mixing body to lower the standard deviation of the NH3/NO ratio entering catalyst layers after the first catalyst layer, thus providing better consumption of both ammonia and NOx in the reactor than would be achieved in the absence of the at least one interstage heat exchanger.

Abstract: A method for conducting engineering process analysis is a unified part of evaluating buy/sell transactions for non-commodity materials or items and is particularly suited to the matching of buyers and sellers for non-commodity materials or items, defined as materials or items that cannot solely be distinguished by price alone, in that subtle differences in features or chemical/physical characteristics will influence the performance of a particular process or design that utilizes the material or item. In the system, databases describing the materials or items available in a marketplace are linked with an automated methodology to evaluate the performance of a process or design with any one or combination of the materials or items. Accordingly, an “intelligent exchange”, is provided in which key decision support tools enable the procurement of the material or item optimal with respect to the performance of the process.

Abstract: A selective catalytic reduction apparatus has at least first and last catalyst layers in series for reducing nitrogen oxides in a flue gas, at least one interstage heat exchanger located after the first layer and before the last layer, that lowers flue gas temperature, and that acts as a mixing body to lower the standard deviation of the NH3/NO ratio entering catalyst layers after the first catalyst layer, thus providing better consumption of both ammonia and NOx in the reactor than would be achieved in the absence of the at least one interstage heat exchanger.

Abstract: A selective catalytic reduction apparatus has at least first and last catalyst layers in series for reducing nitrogen oxides in a flue gas, at least one interstage heat exchanger located after the first layer and before the last layer, that lowers flue gas temperature, and that acts as a mixing body to lower the standard deviation of the NH3/NO ratio entering catalyst layers after the first catalyst layer, thus providing better consumption of both ammonia and NOx in the reactor than would be achieved in the absence of the at least one interstage heat exchanger.

Abstract: A method for conducting engineering process analysis is a unified part of evaluating buy/sell transactions for non-commodity materials or items and is particularly suited to the matching of buyers and sellers for non-commodity materials or items, defined as materials or items that cannot solely be distinguished by price alone, in that subtle differences in features or chemical/physical characteristics will influence the performance of a particular process or design that utilizes the material or item. In the system, databases describing the materials or items available in a marketplace are linked with an automated methodology to evaluate the performance of a process or design with any one or combination of the materials or items. Accordingly, an “intelligent exchange”, is provided in which key decision support tools enable the procurement of the material or item optimal with respect to the performance of the process.

Abstract: Pillared interlayered clay catalysts (PILC) are formed and used in the selective reduction (SCR) of nitrogen oxides (NO.sub.x) in exhaust gases in the presence of ammonia. Cr.sub.2 O.sub.3 -PILC, Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 PILC, TiO.sub.2 -PILC, ZrO.sub.2 -PILC and Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 -PILC each have considerable activities in the SCR of NO by NH.sub.3. Forming the catalysts in a bimodal pore structure provides increases poison resistance and increases reaction rates. Doping the catalyst with CeO.sub.2 and/or Ce.sub.2 O.sub.3 can promote increased activities. The PILC SCR catalysts do not oxidize SO.sub.2 to undesirable SO.sub.3 in any detectable amount.

Abstract: Commercially viable processes of the SCR type for converting nitrogen oxides to nitrogen with ammonia: (a) in the presence of an iron, cobalt, nickel, or other transition metal sulfate with Bronsted activity; (b) at a temperature of not more than 250.degree. C.; and (c) preferably in a dry environment if room or near room temperatures are employed. The process may be used to eliminate nitrogen oxides from flue gases, other exhaust gases, and the like and in other applications in which the reduction of a nitrogen oxide is wanted. Excess ammonia and/or sulfur dioxide may be maintained in the reaction mixture to promote process efficiency. The catalysts have appreciable Bronsted activity even at ambient temperatures and are capable of effecting NO.sub.x conversions with efficiencies of at least 50 percent in even demanding applications at temperatures below the 250.degree. C. maximum. They can be unsupported or supported on a porous support.