Abstract: A method and apparatus for forming a tool. A layer is conformed to a reference part. The layer having an adhesive side that faces outward from the reference part and a release side that faces the reference part. A plurality of prefabricated sections is adhered to the layer. A plurality of gaps is filled between the plurality of prefabricated sections with a joining material.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for forming a tool. A film is applied to a reference part. A vacuum is applied to cause the film to conform to a surface of the reference part such that an adhesive side of the film faces outward from the reference part and a release side of the film conforms to and contacts the reference part. A plurality of composite plates is adhered to the adhesive side of the film over a plurality of flat portions of the reference part. An adhesive material is applied to fill in a plurality of gaps between the plurality of composite plates. The adhesive material is cured to form the tool.

Abstract: Semi-retro-reflective total internal reflection-based image displays may be equipped with at least one dielectric layer. The at least one dielectric layer may be deposited on one or more of a front electrode layer, rear electrode layer or pixel walls. This may lead to displays with enhanced brightness, improved electrophoretic particle responsiveness, improved grayscale and chemical stability in the presence of an electrophoretic medium, and improved resistance to high electric fields and high temperatures. In one embodiment, a total internal reflection-based image display comprises a dielectric layer formed by one or more of methods molecular layer deposition, atomic layer deposition, chemical vapor deposition, plasma enhance chemical vapor deposition, spin coating or slot die coating. In another embodiment, a total internal reflection-based image display comprises at least one dielectric layer and at least one surface modification layer.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods for obtaining N-(4-fluorobenzyl)-N-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)-N-(4-(2-methylpropyloxy)phenylmethyl) carbamide (pimavanserin) comprising the step of contacting an intermediate according to Formula (A) or a salt thereof, with an intermediate Formula B, or a salt thereof, to produce pimavanserin or a salt thereof wherein Y is —ORi or —NR2aR2b; R3 is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted heteroalicyclyl, R4 is substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl; X is —OR22 or —NR23R24; (wherein R22 is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted C1-6alkyl and one of R23 and R24 is hydrogen and the other is hydrogen or N-methylpiperidin-4-yl); and R21 is —OCH2CH(CH3)2 or F; Also disclosed herein is the tartrate salt of N-(4-fluorobenzyl)-N-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)-N?-(4-(2-methylpropyloxy)phenylmethyl) carbamide and methods for obtaining the salt.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for manufacturing a composite part is provided. A composite laminate is formed upon a first tool that provides a first mold line for the composite laminate. A second tool is placed against the composite laminate in which a tooling surface of the second tool is used to create a second mold line for the composite laminate. The second tool is formed from a plurality of prefabricated sections joined by a joining material in which the tooling surface is formed by a layer adhered to the plurality of prefabricated sections and the joining material.

Abstract: Color may be achieved in TIR-based image displays by addition of a sub-pixel color filter array (CFA). Color may be enhanced by tuning the size, shape, arrangement and colors of the sub-pixel color filters in the CFA. CFAs comprising of pixels further comprising one to four or more different repeating sub-pixel color filters may be capable of creating a wide gamut of displayable colors. The sub-pixels may be arranged in repeat cells wherein the sub-pixels within the repeat cell may be mapped to one or more pixels. Sub-pixel rendering may be used during driving of a TIR-based display. Sub-pixel rendering uses logical dynamic pixels where a single sub-pixel may be used in one or more pixels depending on the image displayed.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods for obtaining N-(4-fluorobenzyl)-N-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)-N-(4-(2-methylpropyloxy)phenylmethyl) carbamide (pimavanserin) comprising the step of contacting an intermediate according to Formula (A) or a salt thereof, with an intermediate Formula B, or a salt thereof, to produce pimavanserin or a salt thereof wherein Y is —ORi or —NR2aR2b; R3 is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted heteroalicyclyl, R4 is substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl; X is —OR22 or —NR23R24; (wherein R22 is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted C1-6alkyl and one of R23 and R24 is hydrogen and the other is hydrogen or N-methylpiperidin-4-yl); and R21 is —OCH2CH(CH3)2 or F; Also disclosed herein is the tartrate salt of N-(4-fluorobenzyl)-N-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)-N?-(4-(2-methylpropyloxy)phenylmethyl) carbamide and methods for obtaining the salt.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a vertically aligned carbon nanotube substrate includes the steps of treating a vertically aligned carbon nanotube array in an untreated state with a plasma to generate a vertically aligned carbon nanotube array in a plasma-treated state and adhering a coating onto at least a portion of the vertically aligned carbon nanotube array in the plasma-treated state to generate a vertically aligned carbon nanotube array in a coated state. The step of treating can include exposing the vertically aligned carbon nanotube substrate in the untreated state to the plasma in a plasma chamber. The step of adhering can include using a process of thermal evaporation or e-beam ablation. The method can also include the step of adhering a plurality of fluorophores to at least a portion of the vertically aligned carbon nanotube array in the coated state.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods for obtaining N-(4-fluorobenzyl)-N-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)-N?-(4-(2-methylpropyloxy)phenylmethyl) carbamide (pimavanserin) comprising the step of contacting an intermediate according to Formula (A) or a salt thereof, with an intermediate Formula B, or a salt thereof, to produce pimavanserin or a salt thereof wherein Y is —ORi or —NR2aR2b; R3 is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted heteroalicyclyl, R4 is substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl; X is —OR22 or —NR23R24; (wherein R22 is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted C1-6alkyl and one of R23 and R24 is hydrogen and the other is hydrogen or N-methylpiperidin-4-yl); and R21 is —OCH2CH(CH3)2 or F; Also disclosed herein is the tartrate salt of N-(4-fluorobenzyl)-N-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)-N?-(4-(2-methylpropyloxy)phenylmethyl) carbamide and methods for obtaining the salt.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods for obtaining N-(4-fluorobenzyl)-N-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)-N?-(4-(2-methylpropyloxy)phenylmethyl) carbamide (pimavanserin) comprising the step of contacting an intermediate according to Formula (A) or a salt thereof, with an intermediate Formula B, or a salt thereof, to produce pimavanserin or a salt thereof wherein Y is —ORi or —NR2aR2b; R3 is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted heteroalicyclyl, R4 is substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl; X is —OR22 or —NR23R24; (wherein R22 is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted C1-6alkyl and one of R23 and R24 is hydrogen and the other is hydrogen or N-methylpiperidin-4-yl); and R21 is —OCH2CH(CH3)2 or F; Also disclosed herein is the tartrate salt of N-(4-fluorobenzyl)-N-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)-N?-(4-(2-methylpropyloxy)phenylmethyl) carbamide and methods for obtaining the salt.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for manufacturing a composite part is provided. A composite laminate is formed upon a first tool that provides a first mold line for the composite laminate. A second tool is placed against the composite laminate in which a tooling surface of the second tool is used to create a second mold line for the composite laminate. The second tool is formed from a plurality of prefabricated sections joined by a joining material in which the tooling surface is formed by a layer adhered to the plurality of prefabricated sections and the joining material.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for forming a tool. A layer is conformed to a reference part. The layer having an adhesive side that faces outward from the reference part and a release side that faces the reference part. A plurality of prefabricated sections is adhered to the layer. A plurality of gaps is filled between the plurality of prefabricated sections with a joining material.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for forming a tool. A film is applied to a reference part. A vacuum is applied to cause the film to conform to a surface of the reference part such that an adhesive side of the film faces outward from the reference part and a release side of the film conforms to and contacts the reference part. A plurality of composite plates is adhered to the adhesive side of the film over a plurality of flat portions of the reference part. An adhesive material is applied to fill in a plurality of gaps between the plurality of composite plates. The adhesive material is cured to form the tool.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a broadband fluorescence amplification assembly comprising the steps of providing a vertically aligned carbon nanotube (“VACNT”) substrate that has been treated with a plasma and at least partially coated with a metal coating and a support structure, and supporting the VACNT substrate by the support structure. The support structure can include one of quartz or glass. The method can also include the steps of cleaning the support structure with an alcohol solution and/or exposing the support structure to one of a surface cleaning plasma or ozone. The method can further comprise the step of adhering the VACNT substrate to the support structure, wherein the step of adhering can include applying an adhesive material to at least a portion of the support structure. Additionally, the method can include the step of treating the VACNT substrate and the support structure with the plasma.

Abstract: Conventional reflective liquid crystal displays (LCDs) suffer from low brightness and exhibit a metallic gray-like appearance. Conventional emissive LCDs are difficult to view in high brightness conditions and use substantial amounts of power due to the backlight. The disclosed embodiments relate to a novel reflective-emissive hybrid display comprising a liquid crystal layer combined with a total internal reflection (TIR) based high gain reflector. The high gain reflector may include a semi-retro-reflective sheet comprising of convex protrusions that reflects light that substantially retains the polarization of the incident light. The display further comprises spectrally notched absorbing color filters and narrow band light emitting sources. In certain embodiments, the spectrally notching absorbing color filter may be matched to the narrow band light emitting source.

Abstract: Conventional retro-reflective static traffic signage is primarily constructed of either heavy metal containing high refractive index glass beads embedded in a film or narrow viewing angle corner cubes. Disclosed herein are embodiments of static display signage having polymer-based circularly symmetric convex protrusions absent of heavy metals which reflect light in a semi-retro-reflective manner with wider viewing angles.

Abstract: The disclosed embodiments relate to lateral migration of particles in a totally internally reflective displays. In certain embodiments, the reflective image displays include partial and full walls to form partitions within the display. The walls mitigate diffusion and lateral migration or drift of electrophoretically mobile particles due to lateral electric fields at adjacent pixels. This improves image quality, bistability and long-term display performance.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods for obtaining N-(4-fluorobenzyl)-N-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)-N?-(4-(2-methylpropyloxy)phenylmethyl) carbamide (pimavanserin) comprising the step of contacting an intermediate according to Formula (A) or a salt thereof, with an intermediate Formula B, or a salt thereof, to produce pimavanserin or a salt thereof wherein Y is —ORi or —NR2aR2b; R3 is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted heteroalicyclyl, R4 is substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl; X is —OR22 or —NR23R24; (wherein R22 is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted C1-6alkyl and one of R23 and R24 is hydrogen and the other is hydrogen or N-methylpiperidin-4-yl); and R21 is —OCH2CH(CH3)2 or F; Also disclosed herein is the tartrate salt of N-(4-fluorobenzyl)-N-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)-N?-(4-(2-methylpropyloxy)phenylmethyl) carbamide and methods for obtaining the salt.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods for obtaining N-(4-fluorobenzyl)-N-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)-N,-(4-(2-methylpropyloxy)phenylmethyl) carbamide (pimavanserin) comprising the step of contacting an intermediate according to Formula (A) or a salt thereof, with an intermediate Formula B, or a salt thereof, to produce pimavanserin or a salt thereof wherein Y is —OR, or —NR2aR2b; R3 is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted heteroalicyclyl, R4 is substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl; X is —OR22 or —NR23R24; (wherein R22 is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted C1-4 alkyl and one of R23 and R24 is hydrogen and the other is hydrogen or N- methylpiperidin-4-yl); and R21 is —OCH2CH(CH3)2 or F; Also disclosed herein is the tartrate salt of N-(4-fluorobemzyl)-N-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)-N?,-(4-(2-methylpropyloxy)phenylmethyl) carbamide and methods for obtaining the salt.

Abstract: Brightness in total internal reflection image displays comprising of a color filter array may be enhanced by tuning the size and shape of the convex protrusions. Each protrusion or group of two or more protrusions may be aligned with a color filter sub-pixel such as red, green or blue, and with a thin film transistor. Each protrusion or group of two or more protrusions may be tuned to a specific size and shape with respect to the color filter sub-pixel it may be aligned with on a pixel by pixel basis. This may enhance the reflectance at the wavelength matching the desired color of the respective pixel.