Abstract: Data bus system and method in which a plurality of data lines extend between functional units, and data signals having a predetermined voltage swing are sent from one unit to the others over the data lines. The sending unit also generates a reference voltage at the mid-point of the voltage swing, and this reference voltage is sent to the other units on a reference line for comparison with the signals on the data lines.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for monitoring the light intensity of individual light emitting diodes in an array of light emitting diodes. Means are provided to measure current flow through an unenergized diode adjacent to an energized diode. Current flow through the unenergized diode is porportional to light intensity of the light emitted by its energized adjacent diode.

Abstract: A source follower current steering logic circuit useful in, for example, fabricating digital integrated logic circuits using gallium arsenide and current mode logic switches. The circuit includes an input logic network which includes level shifting networks to generate output signals having assertion levels of different voltage levels and a reference voltage logic network having a similar level shifting network for generating reference voltages relative to the voltage levels of the assertion levels of the output signals from the input logic network. A logic tree includes current mode logic switches for receiving the output signals from the input logic network and the reference voltage generating network to perform selected logic operations the output signals. The output signals are taken from the logic tree. A top load clamps the output signals to selected voltage levels.