Abstract: The invention relates to a device (II) for three-dimensional focusing in a microscope (I) with a given resolution, comprising: —a detector (119) making it possible to determine, in a given measuring plane, a phase and intensity image of an electromagnetic field resulting from the interaction of an incident light wave with a reference object (105) situated in a reference medium with a given index and having a complex refractive index, the real part and/or the imaginary part of which differs from the real part and/or the imaginary part, respectively, of the refractive index of the reference medium; —computation means (121) making it possible to determine a three-dimensional position variation of the reference object (105) from at least one phase and intensity image.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device (II) for three-dimensional focusing in a microscope (I) with a given resolution, comprising:—a detector (119) making it possible to determine, in a given measuring plane, a phase and intensity image of an electromagnetic field resulting from the interaction of an incident light wave with a reference object (105) situated in a reference medium with a given index and having a complex refractive index, the real part and/or the imaginary part of which differs from the real part and/or the imaginary part, respectively, of the refractive index of the reference medium;—computation means (121) making it possible to determine a three-dimensional position variation of the reference object (105) from at least one phase and intensity image.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device (1) for detecting the emission of a target particle (6) at an emission wavelength, said device comprising: a photo-detector (2, 2A, 2B) comprising a sensitive detection surface having a high optical index; wherein said target particle (6) can be positioned in the vicinity of said sensitive surface in an analysis medium (13) having a low optical index; said device being characterized in that it further comprises: a mask (3) covering said sensitive surface, said mask including at least one area (4) opaque at said emission wavelength and at least one hole (5), said hole being capable of receiving the target particle; and in that the mask includes at least one interface; 7 said device further comprising at least one groove (10, 10A, 10B) provided at said interface, each of said at least one groove surrounding each of said at least one hole.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fluorescence correlation spectroscopy system (1) for analyzing particles in a medium (2), including a means (3) for detecting the light (7) emitted by the particles in the medium (2), said means (3) being coupled to a waveguide (4), for which purpose the end piece of the guide (4) comprises a means (4b; 5) for confining the light (7) injected into the guide (4).

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a device for analyzing a dissolved particle sample, said device comprising a microscope system, said microscope system comprising support supporting said sample, an illumination source operably emitting a luminous energizing beam, an optic member focusing said luminous energizing beam into a focal point on said sample, and a spatial filter operably defining an analyzed space around the focal point, and said microscope system comprising an interface operably enhancing said luminous energizing beam, said enhancement interface including a strictly positive focal length and a refractive index greater than the refractive index of said sample, at least a portion of said enhancement interface being disposed on the path of said luminous energizing beam downstream from said support and upstream from said focal point, and at least a portion of said enhancement interface not being rigidly connected to said support.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device (1) for detecting the emission of a target particle (6) at an emission wavelength, said device comprising: a photo-detector (2, 2A, 2B) comprising a sensitive detection surface having a high optical index; wherein said target particle (6) can be positioned in the vicinity of said sensitive surface in an analysis medium (13) having a low optical index; said device being characterised in that it further comprises: a mask (3) covering said sensitive surface, said mask including at least one area (4) opaque at said emission wavelength and at least one hole (5), said hole being capable of receiving the target particle; and in that the mask includes at least one interface; 7 said device further comprising at least one groove (10, 10A, 10B) provided at said interface, each of said at least one groove surrounding each of said at least one hole.

Abstract: One aspect of the present invention is related to a quantum cryptographic scheme comprising at least one sending unit including a physical means of encoding and distributing a raw key in the quadrature components of quantum coherent states that are continuously modulated in phase and amplitude, at least one receiving unit containing a physical means of performing homodyne detection of the quantum coherent states in order to measure the quadrature components of the states, a quantum channel for connecting the sending unit to the receiving unit, a two-way authenticated public channel for transmitting non-secret messages between the sending unit and the receiving unit, a quantum key distribution protocol ensuring that the information tapped by a potential eavesdropper can be estimated from the quantum channel parameters, and a direct or reverse reconciliation protocol that converts the raw continuous data into a common binary key.

Abstract: One aspect of the present invention is related to a quantum cryptographic scheme comprising at least one sending unit including a physical means of encoding and distributing a raw key in the quadrature components of quantum coherent states that are continuously modulated in phase and amplitude, at least one receiving unit containing a physical means of performing homodyne detection of the quantum coherent states in order to measure the quadrature components of the states, a quantum channel for connecting the sending unit to the receiving unit, a two-way authenticated public channel for transmitting non-secret messages between the sending unit and the receiving unit, a quantum key distribution protocol ensuring that the information tapped by a potential eavesdropper can be estimated from the quantum channel parameters, and a direct or reverse reconciliation protocol that converts the raw continuous data into a common binary key.